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■ Ling Hui
Li Liuru, the head of Pingjiang Xianzhong Bo, successively served as secretary general of Mao Zedong's office, secretary of the party leading group of the Supreme Procuratorate, and deputy procurator general. He had close ties with Mao Zedong and had many little-known stories.
Get to know Mao Zedong
From the end of 1920 to the beginning of 1921, the hunan civilian education movement was vigorously carried out, and the development of county newspapers also formed a momentum, so Li Liuru became a well-known advanced element for a while, which attracted the attention of Mao Zedong.
One day, Mao Zedong sent Yu Jihun to come to see him. Yu Jihun said to Li Liuru, "Mao Zedong of the First Normal School introduced me to talk to you. Li Liuru was very happy, saying that he had long wanted to visit Mao Zedong, but he had just arrived in Changsha and was not introduced for a while.
On this day, Li Liuru and Yu Jihun went to the Chuanshan Society on Gongyuan West Street with great interest and first met with He Shuheng, who was the president here.
In He Shuheng's room, Mao Zedong was already sitting there. Mao Zedong had an army head, and although his body was not fat, he was quite tall, and his eyes were shining brightly. He wore a long cotton robe of foreign cloth that was neither blue nor white, a pair of black cotton shoes, and a large bundle of newspapers in his hand. After being introduced by He Shuheng, Mao Zedong and Li Liuru talked cordially. Li Liuru admired Mao Zedong for organizing the Hunan Students' Federation and the Xinmin Society, and for making great contributions to the May Fourth Movement and the Zhang Movement. Mao Zedong humbly replied, "What a merit this is, depending on the strength of everyone, a small number of people cannot afford to be heroes." ”
He Shuheng said: In addition to running this self-study university, Mao Zedong also set up a cultural book club and many night schools. Mao Zedong took up the topic and said to Li Liuru: "Listen to He Beard, you have been a soldier in Wuchang and fought in battles. In the year of the Xinhai Revolution, I also served as a soldier in Changsha. "He also ploughed the fields," He Shuheng pointed to Mao Zedong, and then to himself: "I have never been a soldier or a farmer." Mao Zedong said humorously: "Xiucai will rebel when he is a soldier." Then he added: "We petty-bourgeois intellectuals are afraid that 'the four bodies are not diligent, and the grain is not divided', and we will only wear and eat, which is not good." ”
Li Liuru listened and thought to himself: If there are classes on the basis of economy, do intellectuals also have classes? At this time, although he understood a little about the concept of exploiting classes from books, class analysis and class consciousness were still very vague. While he was savoring these words, he heard Mao Zedong ask about his night school in Pingjiang. Li Liuru then described how to open night schools based on the people's rescue factory and the Xingye weaving factory, and gradually developed into various industries and rural areas. Mao Zedong listened intently and then said, "It is a good thing to run a night school." However, just teaching a few words is probably not enough! Then he asked, "Is it still done now?" Is there anyone hosting? Li Liuru replied, "It's still being done." So he told Mao Zedong about what Yu Benmin of the Peasants' Association and Chen Maozhang, the Industrial Association, had done with the trade unions and peasant associations, and about running night schools. Mao Zedong was very happy to hear this.
Li Liuru told Mao Zedong: "I saw in the Xiangjiang Review that you wrote the article "The Great Unity of the People", which was very well written. Then, he frowned and directly raised his question: "However, there are many Chinese and a wide area, and I am afraid it is not easy to unite." Coupled with the great power of the warlords in the north and the south, the common people are bare-handed, I am afraid it will not help, right? ”
"Oh —not necessarily." Mao Zedong said: "'Unity of purpose'. Wasn't the October Revolution in Russia a good example? We in China, from the Opium War and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom to the Xinhai Revolution, have all failed. There are many reasons, one of which is the lack of a well-organized popular base with correct leadership. At present, the industrial and commercial enterprises are unemployed, and the rural areas are bankrupt, and it is even more Chinese the people need revolution. Therefore, since the May Fourth Movement, people from all walks of life have begun to have organizations, although they are not common enough, but they are very different from before. He pointed out that as long as a party as strong as Russia is the core, and if the masses are mobilized in a general and deep way, so that they can be enlightened, organized, and united together on the basis of the largest number of workers and peasants, and the majority of forty-fifty million people, together with the proletariat of the whole world, they will certainly be able to become a revolutionary contingent that is incomparably powerful. Mao Zedong said with full confidence: "At that time, we will not be afraid that any imperialism or feudal warlord will not be able to defeat it." The wheel of history is advancing, and human society is developing. It's man-made. ”
Listening to these words of Mao Zedong, Li Liuru smiled and opened his face, and his heart was much more cheerful. In the past, he was often uneasy about China's future and the fate of the people, and even pessimistic and disappointed. Now, like a ship lost at night, he was as happy as if he had met the great lighthouse. He said sincerely: "Yes, what you said makes a lot of sense, I have never thought of it that way." ”
Mao Zedong also inquired with concern about the military disaster in Pingjiang and the poverty of the people's lives, and also asked In detail whether Li Liuru had difficulties in life after bankruptcy.
After this, Li Liuru's contacts with Mao Zedong and He Shuheng became closer and closer.
As the saying goes, it is rare to have a confidant in the world. Now that Li Liuru has gotten to know Mao Zedong, He Shuheng and other confidants, his heart is warm, and if he does not meet for a few days, he will be flustered and will definitely take time to see and talk. Mao Zedong and He Shuheng also often walked around Li Liuru's home, and they talked about everything and were intimate. Whenever it was almost time to eat, Li Liuru always asked his wife Zhong Huanying to get a large bowl of bacon and peppers brought from Pingjiang to entertain Mao Zedong and He Shuheng. The two of them were very easy-going, laughing and talking with Li Liuru while eating. Sometimes the peppers were so spicy that Mao Zedong sweated profusely, but Mao Zedong ignored them completely and still ate them in large mouthfuls.
At this time, Li Liuru smiled and talked about a love song written by a young girl in the countryside of Pingjiang: "If you want to eat peppers, you are not afraid of spicy, my love brother is not afraid to kill; the knife edge is on the neck, and you must also pair up with your brother!" ”
Well, there's backbone! Mao Zedong raised his thumb and praised that in the dry revolution, we must have this spirit of not being afraid of spicy and not afraid of killing.
Before the formal establishment of the Communist Party of China in 1921, communists everywhere first established the party's reserve army, the Socialist Youth League. In August 1920, under the leadership of the Shanghai Communist Group, the Socialist Youth League was established, with Yu Xiusong as secretary. The Youth League was a semi-public organization at the time. Mao Zedong established organizational contacts with Chen Duxiu, head of the initiating group of the Shanghai Communist Party, and Li Dazhao and Deng Zhongxia, responsible persons of the Beijing Marxist Research Association. In October, after receiving the constitutions of the Socialist Youth League from both Shanghai and Beijing, he immediately began to establish the league organization in Hunan.
Mao Zedong actively sought out the targets for the development of regiment members among the advanced teachers and students of the First Normal School, the Commercial College, the First Middle School, and other schools. He had already looked at Li Liuru in his eyes. During a casual conversation at the Funayama Society, He Shuheng tentatively asked Li Liuru if he knew about Mao Zedong's organization. Li Liuru asked excitedly in a low voice, "Is it the Communist Party?" He Shuheng told him: It is not the Communist Party, it is s.y., that is, the Socialist Youth League. Li Liuru inquired in detail about the nature of the Socialist Youth League, and knew that s.y. believed in scientific socialism, which was fundamentally different from Huang Ai and Pang Renquan of the Hunan Labor Union, who believed in utopian socialism, especially the anarchist doctrines of Bakunin and Krubotkin. He Shuheng also showed him a photograph of Marx, and Li Liuru carefully examined it, and a wave of great admiration for this great teacher of the proletariat arose in his heart.
He Shuheng asked Li Liuru to talk to Mao Zedong, and that night, he told Mao Zedong about the conversation. Another day, after Li Liu talked to Mao Zedong, in the autumn of 1921, introduced by Mao Zedong and He Shuheng, Li Liuru joined the Socialist Youth League.
After Li Liuru joined the Socialist Youth League, he often went to the self-study university to listen to Marx's "Critique of the Gotha Program" and other courses. During this period, he also got to know Luo Mai, Xia Xi, Liu Shaoqi, Guo Liang and others.
One day, after listening to the lesson, He Shuheng and Mao Zedong asked Li Liuru to go to Ho's residence, and Mao Zedong talked about the central government's decision that the S.Y. Socialist Youth League should be changed to C.Y.- the Communist Youth League, and the age limit should be twenty-eight. He Shuheng said that there is another organization, that is, the Communist Party. Its synonym is C.P., but it is more demanding than C.Y. At that time, Li Liuru was thirty-four years old, and he was in a hurry. I heard that there is also c.p., I want to join, ask if it is OK?
"Yes, as long as you have your own determination." He Shuheng replied. Then, he told Li Liuru about the C.P.'s program, the goal of struggle, the implementation of democratic centralism, the subordination of individuals to the party's interests, and strict adherence to the party's secrets. In response to Li Liuru's reluctance to accept the criticism of students and the idea that it undermines the dignity of teachers, he pointed out that this is the petty bourgeoisie's love of face and a manifestation of intellectual arrogance.
He Shuheng said that criticism is our weapon. Communists who want to fight to the end for the cause of communism will not hesitate to sacrifice their lives, can't even accept criticism? The afterlife is fearful, and the young people should not be despised. After hearing this, Li Liuru's thinking was greatly touched, and he nodded his head and said yes, and immediately and firmly said: "As long as the party needs me, I will certainly fight with the party to the end at all costs!" ”
A few days later, Li Liuru went to Mao Zedong again, talked to him in detail about his understanding of the party, made clear his attitude, and urgently demanded to join the Communist Party of China. After Mao Zedong gave Li Liuru a detailed account of the party's situation, he decided to introduce him and He Shuheng to Li Liuru, who had been converted from a member of the Socialist Youth League to a member of the Chinese Communist Party without going through the waiting period. At that time, it was also called going from middle school to university. The middle school is the pseudonym of the regiment, and the university is the pseudonym of the party. It was the winter of 1921.
(The author is a native of Sanyang Township and a retired cadre of the County History Office)