The orange fruit fly (orange small fruit fly) is an important pest that harms tropical and subtropical fruits, and is known as the number one killer among the "four killers" of fruits. Male insects are not harmful, female insects from spawning began to harm, April to November is the orange small fruit fly is the main pest period. There are usually two peak periods of the year, often in May and September.
Orange small fruit fly is common in the southern region of China, north to the south of Henan. The insect occurs throughout Guangxi, and in recent years, it has shown an aggravating trend, causing more than 250 kinds of cultivated fruit and vegetable crops such as citrus, sweet orange, lime, grapefruit, lemon, apricot, loquat, persimmon, black date, grape, fig, watermelon, pepper, tomato and eggplant, causing serious fruit losses in local areas.
The female of the orange fruit fly lays eggs between the peel and the flesh, and after hatching, the larvae sneak into the flesh of the fruit to eat as a pest, causing rotten fruit and fruit fall. In the early stage of spawning, there will often be a needle-sized egg laying hole at the spawning place, and after a period of time, there will often be discoloration and fluid, and even if the wound is healed, a scar will form on the surface; with the type of fruit, the period of harm, etc., the symptoms are not the same.
(Orange fruit fly larvae)
The selectivity of the orange fly to different plants and different varieties of the same plant is different, and the degree of appetite of adult insects for 12 hosts is guava, star fruit, mango, cherimoya, olive, yellow peel, loquat, human heart fruit, lotus mist, pear, orange, and citrus. It can be seen that most of the fruits in Guangxi are the targets of the orange small fruit fly.
Orange fruit flies can occur 4 to 11 generations a year, and the larvae begin to move a few seconds after hatching, feeding day and night. From April to November, the orange fly is the main pest period. There are usually two peak periods of the year, often in May and September.
Now, it is the peak of the orange fruit fly. As an important inspection and quarantine pest, there are many studies on the control of orange small fruit fly, mainly agricultural, physical, biological and chemical control.
Studies have shown that when the temperature is too high or too low is not conducive to the development of various insect states, especially when the temperature exceeds 33 ° C or below 15 ° C, the survival rate of larvae and pupa will decline, which is not conducive to development, and adults will die in large numbers.
Orange flies prefer a relatively humid environment, too dry or too humid will inhibit the flight of adult insects. Adults have difficulty feathering and high mortality rates during the dry season. Females lay more eggs during heavy rainfall and low eggs during droughts. Under saturated humidity, slight humidity, dry conditions, the hatching rate of eggs is 83%, 50% and 3%, respectively, of course, the hatching rate of eggs on the pulp is related to the water content of the pulp. Air humidity has less effect on larvae living in the pulp, and when soil moisture is less than 40% or higher, the larvae are slow to enter the soil and have a high mortality rate, which also inhibits pupal feathering.
Agricultural control: timely cleaning of the countryside
Timely removal of insect green fruits and overripe fruits on the tree; in the early stage of fruit fall, remove the insect fruits in the orchard every 3 days, pick up the fallen fruits and rotten fruits; in the peak period of pest 1 to 2 days, once, if more than 3 days, most of the larvae are no longer in the fruit fallen.
Worm fruits, fallen fruits and rotten fruits should be buried in a pit of more than 50 cm deep, and covered with soil, or soaked in water for more than 8 days, or poured into a fertile pool for long-term immersion. In addition, when clearing the garden in winter, the soil should be turned over, destroying the insect pupae overwintering and reducing the source of insects.
Deep buried maggots
Bagging technology
There are mainly fruit bagging and insect net coverage, and if the measures are in place, the prevention effect can reach 100% (but this is labor-intensive). Before bagging, a comprehensive pest control should be carried out once.
Biocontrol
Parasitic natural enemies, predatory predators, pathogenic nematodes, etc. have a certain control effect on orange small fruit flies, such as solid fly cocoon bees, golden wasps, pre-split long tube cocoon bees, cryptoptera, step beetles, etc.
Spraying begins before the fruit changes color and the orange fly is in full bloom. Citrus and grapefruit are sprayed every 15 days, pay attention to the rotation of medication, strictly implement the safety interval, and stop the medication about 10 days before the fruit harvest.
The drug can be tried:
(1) Organophosphorus, such as dichlorvos, dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos, malathion, octylthion;
(2) Pyrethroids, such as cypermethrin, high-efficiency cypermethrin, cypermethrin, cypermethrin trifluoride;
(3) Plant-derived pesticides, such as matrine and rotenone;
(4) Avermectin, polycycline, imidacloprid, etc.
【Special Statement】This article is authorized by Teacher Wang Huasheng of Guangxi Plant Protection Station
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