Jingxi Mingcha Reclining Buddha Temple, built in the Yuan Dynasty, is dedicated to copper reclining Buddhas, which is exquisite. There is Jinyang Temple in Jinyang Mountain in jingbei, which is dedicated to the tall stone Buddha, which was also built in the Yuan Dynasty. Buddha statues were built in the west and north of the Yuan Capital, one gold and one stone, reminiscent of many reputations. In the Ming Dynasty, the capital was rebuilt, and the Thirteen Tombs were built in the north, and then Liugou City and Gonghua City were built, which were just on the same axis as Jinyang Mountain.
Jinyang Mountain
Jinyun Stone Buddha Gao Zhangyu
Jinyang Mountain is in Yanqing, also known as Jinshan Mountain or Jinyun Mountain. Jinyun clan is an ancient clan or tribe of legendary times, or jinyun is considered to be the official name of the Yellow Emperor. The "Ji Xie" quotes Jia Kui as saying: Jinyun (缙云氏), surnamed Jiang (江姓也), was a Miao descendant of the Yan Emperor, and was also an official of Jinyun when he was the Yellow Emperor. Of course, there are different insights. As for why this mountain is associated with Jinyun, it may be a fiefdom, and it is not known. In short, this mountain has an ancient history.
There are old temples on the hill. The Liao Dynasty stone stele "Tim Xiu Jinyang Temple Meritorious Monument" records the process of building the temple in detail. The temple was built in the second year (886) of Emperor Guangqi of the Tang Dynasty, and at that time it was only a Zen house. The Emperor of the Liao Dynasty once stayed here, saw the ancient temple, and gave the temple another name during the Taiping Period, called Jinyang Temple. After that, the Liao Dynasty Xingzong and Daozong came here, and then gave silver two, expanded the temple, and built a seven-room building in the north corner of the temple, as well as the Garan Hall and the Daxiong Treasure Hall. The expansion of the Liao Dynasty in the past hundred years has enabled the monastery to reach a considerable scale, "two hundred monks are feasted every year, and there has been no interruption for more than 20 years." The stone stele is "the first year of the imperial dynasty's founding of Shouchang", that is, in 1095 AD.
There is also a temple under the mountain, named Jinyang Temple, which was built in the "Liao Tonghe Three Years" in 985 AD, which is the era name of The Liao Shengzong. "Taiping" is another era name of the Liao Shengzong, after the "unification", between 1021 and 1031 AD. According to the chronological order, the Jinyang Temple should be built first, and then the name of Jinyang Temple should be given. Later Liao dynasty also known as "Jinyang Zuo Temple", that is, according to the construction order. Or there is a saying that Jinyang Temple is the lower courtyard of Jinyang Temple. Why the name "view" is not easy to conclude whether this view is the Buddha's path, or whether it is shared in harmony.
In the Yuan Dynasty, Jinyang Mountain was renamed Long'an Mountain, and the temple was rebuilt, and the stone Buddha was more than one zhang high, "offering stone Buddhas inside, gao Zhangyu, a stone Buddha temple". This happened during the reign of Emperor Yuanrenzong. The Ming Dynasty Jiajing "Longqing Zhi" is recorded as "Yuan Taichang Ceremonial Courtyard". Qing Guangxu's "Chronicle of Yanqing Prefecture" records that there were stone tablets preserved in the temple in the Ming and Qing dynasties. The Ming and Qing inscriptions describe the scale and scene of the temple, and mention the pagoda inside the temple, which has the "Yuan jian Long'an Mountain Stone Pagoda Inscription". The pagoda was built by the Yuan Dynasty and was completed on the mid-autumn day of August of the fourth year of Yanyou (1317). Emperor Yuanrenzong was born in Yanqing, and four years after his reign, ShengjinShan County was established as Longqing Prefecture, and the pagoda was built at this time. The stone Buddha stands on a famous mountain and is the treasure of the temple, which can be described as the illumination of the Buddha.
The emperor of the later dynasty, Yuan Yingzong, made a reclining Buddha by "smelting half a million pounds of copper" in Xishan, which shows that the Yuan Dynasty greatly respected Buddhism. In the inscription of the Liao Dynasty expansion of Jinyang Temple, neither the stone pagoda nor the stone Buddha is mentioned, and it seems that this matter should have nothing to do with the Liao. This temple, this pagoda, this Buddha, from the Yuan to the Qing Dynasty, has been repaired over the centuries, and its influence has been long-lasting.
I once saw an old photo from the Republic of China period, the background is the jinyang temple on the mountain peak, sitting on the north and south, with temples and walls. Behind the mountain gate, a tower-like building is tall and huge, the main building of the temple, carefully distinguished, about seven floors, spire, the tower is solid. Enshrine the tall and dignified body of the stone Buddha, and the building must match it.
There are three temples in Xiangying Fort
Jinyang Temple in the Liao Dynasty monks are numerous, incense is constantly burning, some people make incense at the bottom of the mountain, settled as a village. The village was once called Xiangcun, named after incense. The village is also known as Xiangying, Xiangcunying, and Xiangying Fort, and with the camp, it is related to the Ming Dynasty Military Fort.
During the Ming Dynasty, this area belonged to Yanqingwei and was called "battalion" because of the garrison. Li Tiyan, who had been the county magistrate of Yongning in the Ming Dynasty, compiled the Wanli "Chronicle of Yongning County", which recorded that "Xiangying, Jin Zhangzong was born here". The "History of Jin" says: Jin Zhangzong was born in Mada Geshan. There is the Inner Mongolia Xilin Gol League Jinlian Chuanzheng Blue Banner. I don't know where the basis of this county is. However, Yanqing is close to Jinzhongdu, and the mountainous area has a high altitude and low temperature, which has the characteristics of a plateau. Jin Zhangzong was accustomed to such an environment, leaving many imprints, which was also reasonable.
In the Ming Dynasty, the threat of the north became increasingly urgent, and the village was adjacent to Changchi Road and led south to Yongning City, and military adjustments were made, and Xiangying was changed to Yongning Wei. Xiangying built a castle, which was called Xiangying Fort in the Qing Dynasty. Guangxu's "Chronicle of Yanqing Prefecture" records that Xiangying Fort "has an earthen city", and there are "one north and south streets and one east and west streets" in the city, two streets, and the scale is not small.
Follow the historical memory to Xiangying Village. I didn't find any incense-making relics on the street, but I saw a chess board, a table with Go, chess, military chess, and checkers, and stools on all sides, where you can play games or sit around and chat. Qinqi calligraphy and painting, chess ranked second. The construction of the village highlights the cultural taste and continues the ancient tradition.
The "tucheng" of the Ming Dynasty is not easy to find. The road runs through the village from west to east, and the road is smooth. The road is on the southern wall of the castle. The village expands to the south, and the road divides the village in half. Sticking to the side of the road, a temple stands out, sitting north and facing south, exposing the street surface, and should be surrounded by the castle when there was a wall. The temple name Fox Immortal Temple, the main hall of the three trees, recently repaired, the gable is still old, the brick carvings on it are exquisite. There are also frescoes on both sides of the gallery.
There are also two Dragon King Temples and one Zhenwu Temple in the village. This is roughly the same as in the ancient books. On the way, I saw a huge shadow wall. Behind the shadow wall is the Zhenwu Temple. The scale of the temple is extraordinary, and it is a two-story pavilion, which is extremely rare in the countryside. There is a tall elm tree in the temple, and the magpies see the quiet environment here, nest on the tall branches, and sing in front of the pavilion every day. The temple has been repaired before, a few years ago because of the New Year's firecrackers set off, and in June 2020 it was repaired again. The plaque of the temple reads "Zen Wang Temple", I don't know when, I don't know why I changed the words, it must be that the people at the time have a deep understanding of the temple, and the meaning is also further advanced. In the Ming Dynasty, Xiangying once built a pavilion, named Xiangying Building, which reflects the floor of the Chanwang Temple, which can be used for ascending and military observation.
Zen King Temple
There are old mansions next to the Temple of the Chan King, high doors and large households, and you have to climb several steps to enter the door. The gatehouse is exquisitely built, with a door dang and a carved beast. The courtyard has three entrances, and the difference in wealth between the house and the surrounding ordinary bungalows shows. The master had moved away, and the Iron General closed the door, and in front of the door was blocked by wooden stick branches. A corner of the courtyard wall has collapsed and has been uninhabited for a long time.
The old house next to the Zen King Temple
The castle is densely packed with houses and narrow alleys formed between them. Heading west, you can see the western city wall, rammed with loess, the remnants are more than 100 meters long, more than 2 meters high, and 1 meter low, intermittently, and seem to become several isolated mounds. Standing in the northwest corner, it is estimated that the castle is two or three hundred meters long in the east, west, south and north, and it is a square city, and the scale is not small. Outside the north wall of the castle is cultivated land. Only one or two meter-high ridge remains of the city wall, lying on the edge of cultivated land, which seems to be the dividing line between residence and labor.
According to the old chronicle, Xiangying Village has "thirty-five households, one hundred and ninety-three mouths", three wells, "East Street Well Two, South Street Well One". Today, there are about 300 households, more than a thousand people, the population has increased many times, and the area of the village has expanded to the outside of the castle. The village has installed water pipes, as well as fitness squares, small parks, Yimin bookstores, small auditoriums, sun bathrooms, closed garbage rooms, hardened roads, rebuilt toilets, etc., and complete supporting facilities.
Outside the western wall is also a street into the village. The street is adjacent to the houses on both sides of the city wall. Next to the loess wall stands the Great Wall Wenbao Monument: Xiangying Castle.
Jinyun neon scenery is beautiful
Jinyang Mountain is not tall, has a unique shape, and has a lot of spirit. Answered the sentence: The mountain is not high, there are immortals and spirits. The Ming Dynasty selected Tianshou Mountain as the place of burial. During the Jiajing period, Gonghua City was built for the emperor's mausoleum, which contained a palace, like a noon gate, like an imperial city. During the jiajing and longqing years, Liugou City was built, and the "Nanshan Two Associations" were established to strengthen the defense of the Roadside Wall of Nanshan, and later "changed the Association into a town" to raise the military level. The commander-in-chief was stationed in the city, commanding and dispatching the defense of the first line of the town border city in the east, and the safety after the arch guard mausoleum. Liugou City shoulders the heavy responsibility, the site selection is certainly meticulous, and the north and south of Jinyang Mountain are within reach. Jinyang Mountain Temple stands on the top of the mountain, looking around in all directions, and the stone Buddha faces the capital.
Because of the stone Buddha, the locals call the mountain the top of the Buddha, and there are many mysterious legends of the stone Buddha hall. The mountain road is steep and few people climb to the top. The appearance of the stone Buddha is full of imagination. Local elders recall that Jinyang Temple was demolished in the early 1960s and the stone Buddha was pushed down the mountain. There is only an ancient pine at the top of the mountain, so I think it should be in front of the temple. The trunk is not too thick, and two people can wrap around it. I don't know when it was planted, but with the environment on the top of the mountain, it is not easy for the tree to survive, let alone grow like this. The ancient pine is a testimony to the ancient temple of the mountain, and there is a small spiritual pagoda in front of the pine.
Jin, in the Shuowen, is interpreted as "Akatsuki". The red ribbon is originally a red veil, or the costume of the Jinyun clan, which must be very beautiful, bright and light, like a neon dress. When I was at the top of the mountain, I imagined that if it was autumn, the forest would be stained with layers of trees, alternating red and yellow. The distant mountains show warm colors in a brilliant, and then there is a sunset against the background, which is even more gorgeous. Feeling by the scenery, a few words arise: ancient, beautiful, rich. Zhou Boqi of the Yuan Dynasty has a poem "Jinshan County": "Jinyun Mountain is unique, and the fertile soil is often abundant." Jade food ziyuan millet, Longzhou ji zhuhong. Under the cold wood of the desert temple, in the sunset of the temple. Who believes in you Yanbei, turned over like Chu Yuedong. "The poem describes the land of Yanqing as like Jiangnan. This is the big view, kissing the heart. Fellow best friend Jichen caused Shi Xing to chant "The Wonders of Jinyun": "The clouds of the sky sweep the Jinshan Mountains, and the thousand-year-old scenic scenery is Qualong'an." Pleasing to the eye, there is no difference, only the rest of the peace and the full concubine river. ”
Some articles lamented: "Although this is the residence of the ancient saints, from now on there are great saints born in Si, and the land of Gui is also." "In the homeland of the Jinyun clan, the three emperors of the Liaojin Dynasty were stationed here, and Yuan Renzong Aiyu Li Bali Bada was born here, which is extraordinary.