China's 5,000-year history of civilization has bred many cities with a long history and profound cultural heritage, such as Xi'an, Luoyang, Nanjing, Beijing and other cities that still retain many historical and ancient buildings. In the early 1980s, in order to protect those important cities and their cultural relics and monuments that were once the ancient political, economic, and cultural centers or the places of modern revolutionary movements and major historical events from destruction, the state put forward the concept of historical and cultural cities, and announced the first batch of national historical and cultural cities in that year, and the first batch of selected national historical and cultural cities included Beijing, Chengde, Datong a total of 24 cities. As of December 2020, a total of 135 cities have been selected into the list of national historical and cultural cities.
Symbol of a national historical and cultural city
Monument of Heze City
Ruins of the ancient city wall of Heze
Liaocheng City, Qufu City, Xuzhou City in Jiangsu Province, Bozhou City in Anhui Province, Shangqiu City, Kaifeng City and Puyang City in Henan Province have been included in the list of national historical and cultural cities, but Heze failed to vote.
Dingtao Fayuan Temple
As we all know, Heze is also a city with a long history, the xianming monarchs Di Yao, Di Shun, Shang Tang Right Xiang Yi Yin, the warlord Xuan You, the reformer Wu Qi, the military hero Sun Zhen, the agronomist Yu Shengzhi, the economist Liu Yan, the literary scholar Wen Zisheng, Wang Yuwei, etc. were all born here, Shang Tang established the Yin Shang Dynasty, Tao Zhu Gong Fan Li threw thousands of gold, the Battle of Guiling, the Battle of Chengpu, Liu Bang ascended to the throne, Cao Cao achieved hegemony, the Huangchao Uprising, Song Jiang Juyi and other historical events all occurred in Heze, Heze's Dingtao, Juancheng, Yuncheng, Yuncheng, Single counties are all thousand-year-old counties, and in this sense, Heze has the strength to rank among the list of national historical and cultural cities.
But what ancient buildings are preserved in Heze after a thousand years? How many historical monuments are well preserved?
Up to now, there are only eleven historical monuments and ancient buildings listed in heze city as a national key cultural relics protection unit, and these eleven national key cultural relics protection units include four ancient sites, five ancient buildings and two ancient tombs, distributed in seven counties and districts of Heze City. Among the eleven national key cultural relics protection units, there are four in Juye County, two in Dingtao District, and one in Peony District, Yuncheng County, Chengwu County, Dan County and Cao County. Let's take a look at the cities selected as national historical and cultural cities, and the number of national key cultural relics protection units in each city is not less than five, so there is a big gap between heze urban area and heze counties and districts.
Where Liu Bang ascended the throne, he fixed the Tao guan heap
Tomb of King Dingtao
Dingtao Fan Li Tomb
Let's take a look at the conservation of ancient buildings.
The oldest preserved ancient architectural site in Heze City is the ancient city wall site that surrounds the old city, starting from the construction of Caozhou Zhizhou Fan Xizheng in the eleventh year of the Ming Dynasty (1466), the ancient city wall of Heze is only more than 500 years old at most, and only the rammed earth wall foundation remains, and almost none of the city wall bricks have been retained. None of the ancient city walls in heze's other counties have been preserved.
In addition to the ancient city wall, the Ming and Qing dynasty buildings in Heze City have almost no preservation, and some ancient buildings have been preserved in Yuncheng County, Juye County and Shan County, but the number is very small, and the date basically dates back to the Qing Dynasty. Except for the Tang Pagoda in Yuncheng County, the Yongfeng Pagoda in Juye County, and the Wohua Pagoda in Chengwu County, which were pre-Ming Dynasty buildings, Heze rarely saw Ming Dynasty architecture.
Compared with the surrounding cities, Heze's awareness of cultural relics protection is not enough. The museum is the best window to show the history and culture of a city, and it is also the living room of the soul of a city. Xuzhou Museum, Bozhou Museum, Liaocheng Canal Culture Museum, Confucius Museum, Shangqiu City Museum, Kaifeng City Museum have a great reputation in China, and the number of cultural relics in the collection is also relatively rich. Xuzhou Museum, Kaifeng City Museum, and Confucius Museum are still national first-class museums, while Heze City Museum is only a national third-level museum, and the level difference is too large. In the Heze City Museum, there are only three basic displays of ancient ships from the Yuan Dynasty, fine cultural relics excavated from ancient ships in the Yuan Dynasty and Caozhou Woodblock New Year Paintings, and there is only 1 first-class cultural relics in the collection of cultural relics, and there are very few cultural relics that can be taken.
Heze City Museum
Ancient shipwreck of the Yuan Dynasty in the Heze City Museum
Exhibition of cultural relics excavated from ancient shipwrecks in the Yuan Dynasty
Giant Field County Museum
Among the several counties under the jurisdiction of Heze, juye County Museum and Chengwu County Museum were successfully promoted to national second-level museums in 2020, which also filled the gap that there were no second-level museums in Heze City. Among the museums in several other counties, in addition to the Yuncheng County Yunzhou Museum, which just opened last year, which has a certain influence, the museums in other counties and districts are either not open to the public or the publicity is not enough, and many citizens do not know that there are still museums in the local area. To a certain extent, this also restricts the progress of Heze City's declaration as a national historical and cultural city.
Chengwu County Museum
Yuncheng County Yunzhou Museum
In 2008, the State Council put forward the conditions for declaring a national historical and cultural city in the "Regulations on the Protection of Famous Towns and Villages of Famous Historical and Cultural Cities" promulgated, mainly five items, one is that the preservation of cultural relics is particularly rich, the second is that the historical buildings are concentrated into pieces, the third is to retain the traditional pattern and historical style, and the fourth is that it has historically been used as a political, economic, cultural, transportation center or military important place, or there have been important historical events, or its traditional industries and major projects of historical construction have had an important impact on the development of the region. Or it can reflect the cultural characteristics and ethnic characteristics of the architecture of the region in a concentrated way, and fifth, there should be more than 2 historical and cultural blocks within the scope of the protection of the declared historical and cultural city.
The site of Liangqudui in Cao County has now been announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit
Ruins of Liangquandui in Cao County
Dingtao Shilipu North Heap Ruins
Judging from these five conditions, the road to Heze's declaration as a national historical and cultural city seems to be relatively long.
Historical monuments | list of national key cultural relics protection units (11 places) in Heze City, Shandong Province
Heze has added 5 new "national security", where have you been in these national key cultural relics protection units?
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