In the sixteenth year of Guangxu, during Zhu Yixin's tenure in Guangzhou, he had more contact with Kang Youwei, but he did not fully agree with Kang's radical concept, Zhu Yixin said: "Since the Tao and Xian, the saying of the scriptures has focused on micro-speech, while the great righteousness has not been spoken, and how strong the six classics are to me, the abuses are endless. At that time, Kang Youwei lectured on ramology, and Zhu Yixin did not oppose What Kang said, but he believed that the essence of ramology was that it could only be understood and could not be spoken, and this kind of public speech just violated the true spirit of the ram, so Zhu Yixin believed: "The "Ram" family is very strange, and the Western Han masters have their own feelings, and if they do not know their intentions, they rarely think that it is contrary to reason and hurt the religion. Therefore, scholars are slightly imprudent and have many abuses. ”
Entered the courtyard
Although Zhu Yixin was a traditional literati, he was very receptive to western modern civilization, which was fully reflected in his presidency of Duanxi Academy and Guangya Academy. In terms of the concept of book collection, he also accepted the Western library concept, and boldly innovated the library collection system, purchased a large number of natural sciences, Chinese-to-Western books, etc. for the college, opened the college collection to the scholars outside the academy, and specially set a charter for the college's borrowing and returning books, so that the original traditional library building began to take shape with the model of a modern library. His own collection has Pei Xian Zhai and Xiao Humble Cup, about Pei Xian Zhai, I did not find more information, it seems that there is only this hall number, and there is no real address, Xiao Humble Zhai is indeed there, I am looking for the small humble Cup located in Zhu Yixin's former residence.
Exquisitely crafted
Zhu Yixin's former residence is located in Zhudian Village, Chi'an Town, Yiwu City, Zhejiang Province, commonly known as "Dafudi". The driver is a native of Yiwu and is extremely familiar with the roads between the townships, which made my search much smoother. When I walked from Chi'an Town to Zhudian Village, I asked for directions along the way, met a villager, explained the path of Zhudian Village in great detail, told me that there were still 25 miles from here to Zhudian Village, and told me what I was going to turn after seeing something, where to turn, and so on. Seeing that he was pointing in such detail, I felt that he was extremely familiar with Zhudian Village, so I asked him if he knew that there was a former residence of Zhu Yixin.
Each door and window in the church is carved
He said of course he knew, because his mother was from Zhudian Village, and he used to go to his grandmother's house and often went there to play. It was a great pleasure to meet such an understanding person, and I would like to know what the locals think of Zhu Yixin, a former sage. The villager immediately said proudly, "That's a powerful person, an acting prime minister, a mile bigger than the prime minister." "It seems that everywhere is the same, the villagers respect the sages, more to see who is the greater official, as for what kind of book collection is, very few people will mention this matter of my concern."
Finally saw the three words "Zhu Yixin"
I like to use this question to ask the locals questions everywhere I go, and the answer I get is that few people can say the words "bibliophile", such many experiences have made my nerves very thick, there is no hope and there is no disappointment, but this fellow said, Zhu Yixin has become such a big official, I really have not found such historical materials. Zhu Yixin's highest official position was to supervise the imperial history, which was still far away from the prime minister, but I think he said this most likely because the townspeople admired the Sangzi complex of the townspeople, and there was no need to explain it to him at the first thought.
Another gate was closed
Entering Zhudian Village, I realized that most of the whole village should be surnamed Zhu, most of the village is a three-story small building, all refreshing and pleasing to the eye, there are neat flower beds on the side of the village road, the village mouth stands with a tourist sign of "a new former residence", and there is a small pavilion for people to rest, you can feel that the economic strength of Zhudian Village is quite good. But I still have no clue which one Zhu Yixin's former residence is. After being instructed, I came to a small courtyard, the family was eating, one of the young Sven was eating with a large bowl, I asked him about Zhu Yixin's former residence, and he guided me to an alley.
Interior view of Zhu Yixin's former residence
So I followed the alley around the corner to a moon gate, saw that behind the moon gate is a late Qing Dynasty building, the lintel is written "through the hoe small building", there is a cultural relics protection sign on the side "Zhu Huaixin's former residence", which is zhu Yixin's brother's former residence at the same time, this Zhu Huaixin to Guangxu fifteen years, also became a jinshi, the head of the water department of the Ministry of Works, and then transferred to Shunde and other places in Guangdong Renzhi County, died in the official. Seeing the words "Zhu Huaixin's former residence", I was slightly confused and suspected that I had gone wrong, at this time the Sven boy just now appeared again, still holding a large bowl, while eating, he said: "You can go in, a push will open, Zhu Yixin is in the back, this is his brother's." ”
A small patio between Yangyu Hall and The Covenant Prayer Hall
As soon as I pushed open the door, I was immediately shocked by the exquisite wood carvings preserved in the former residence, I did not expect that in such a remote place, there were such exquisite works of art that had gone through the war and the Cultural Revolution, and they could be preserved so well, especially the birds under the eaves, each one is different, whether it is flowers, characters, or spirit beasts, they are very complex and delicate. These wood carvings are scattered in every corner of the old house, cloisters, door panels, columns, almost can be described as a wood carving museum, although after more than a hundred years of sun and moon soaking, but the grand situation of that year is still in full view.
Pass through Zhu Huaixin's former residence, followed by Zhu Yixin's former residence, the two former residences are separated by an alley, and there is an ancient well in the alley. The wood carvings in Zhu Yixin's former residence are the same as those in the former house, and the wood carvings on the door panels are more exquisite, the upper part is a clear window with different patterns, the lower part is a complete painting work carved on the entire door panel, some also use the hot paint process, these paintings have different styles, there are washing like splashers, there are also exquisite work writers, looking at this full of wood carvings, I think the person who designed this old residence must be a very individual person.
The overhang has bacon
I was lamenting these wood carvings when an old grandmother came out of the back room, and then I noticed that there were still people living in the old house, and the small stools under the eaves and the bacon on the beams showed that this was a house with a breath of life. The grandmother saw me holding the camera, very sensitive to avoid behind the pillar, I tried to talk with her, but unfortunately the local pronunciation did not work, had to ask for help from the young man who had been eating next to me, where is Zhu Yixin's little clumsiness? The young man pushed open the door of a room on the left and said, "This is his former study, which should also be regarded as a library building, where people used to live." I heard that in the past, eighteen rooms were all his books, but they were all donated later, and now they are all in the library. ”
angelica
I later learned that the entire "Dafudi" was a combination of Zhu Huaixin's "Yangyu Hall" and Zhu Yixin's "Covenant Scripture Hall", and it is said that when Zhu Yixin was lecturing at Duanxi and Guangya Colleges in Guangdong Province, he found that the local kapok trees were excellent in wood and could be called good materials, so he traveled thousands of miles back to his hometown and personally planned it in Zhudian Village to build this "Dafudi". In June of the twentieth year of Guangxu, Zhu Yixin inscribed himself "Covenant Scripture Hall" and wrote about it: "Hard work has this lulu, I hope that my descendants can keep it in the world; if the people are surrounded by a room, it is unknown to whom the embrace is opened." This Ninth Ancestor is also the former site of the Zhengtang. In the year of the Xianfeng season, the adults were worthy of it, so they moved to Yan.
There are eight immortals looking up
The old wall pillar leaned on the side, and in the face of heavy wind and rain, it was precarious, and the two adults thought of building more. At the age of Pengzi, Yu taught Duanxi, and the following year moved to Guangya, and shrunk the sheep to become the aspirations of the two adults. Shelter the dove worker, two years ago, and year after year and get a safe residence, build a matter of Ruos difficulty, posterity its thoughts. "When Zhu Yixin was demoted by Cixi for Li Lianying's affairs, after resigning, he had no income, he was only hired by Zhang Zhidong as the principal of the school, but this position can make so much money, which is somewhat surprising to me, otherwise, how could he build such a beautiful mansion."
Time stands still
Museum of wood carving
However, there are two theories about the specific address of the small humble cup on the west side of the covenant hall: one is that the row of five buildings on the east side of the covenant hall is the small humble cup of the library building of that year, and the other is that Zhu Yixin built another small humble cup on the west side of the book hall for the collection of books. I don't know which statement is correct, although the young man is very familiar with Zhu Yixin's former residence, but he can't say the specific location of the small clumsy, the study he pushed open, although the light is extremely dark, but still makes my eyes bright, one of the walls is made of wooden planks, and these wooden boards are all made of screens, and each fan is engraved with calligraphy works in different fonts, gold, seal, li, kai, the force is overwhelming, and the taste of the owner of the study at that time is immediately in front of me, which is awe-inspiring.
The handwriting on the screen excites me
After Zhu Yixin's death, Xiao Hulu's collection of books was managed by his son Zhu Cuichang, and it is said that there were tens of thousands of thread-bound ancient books in the building at that time. After Zhu Cuichang's death, the younger generations separated the family, of which 20,000 ancient books were inherited by Zhu Shifen, the eldest grandson of Zhu Yixin, Zhu Shifen invited several elders in the village to assist, the collection was classified and registered, stored in the main hall of the Covenant Hall, unfortunately, the personnel could not defeat the fate, these books gradually dispersed in the later chaotic world, and only a very small number of them were finally placed in the Yiwu City Library, the Cultural Center and the Zhejiang Library.
Zhu family water tank
Coming out of Zhu Yixin's study, I once again looked at this covenant hall, in the courtyard in front of the hall, there was a blue-glazed pottery jar, the jar was inscribed with the words "Zhu Yijing hall", and the abdomen was painted with flowers, birds and bats, I think, with Zhu Yixin so tall, in this jar, there should be lotus flowers.
Light and shadow are like the chanting of Fan Lingling