Majestic China, long river, Guotai and Min'an, unremitting self-improvement, China's thousands of years of history, from the "chaotic world" to the current "prosperous world" in the middle of every drop of blood and tears are worthy of our awe.
For the independence and happiness of the Chinese nation, the ancestors exchanged their youth and enthusiasm for today's China, we did not live in a peaceful era, we just lived in a peaceful country.
We have not felt the hardships of that era, but we enjoy the happiness of our predecessors, and we must always remember the predecessors who dedicated their sweat and even their lives to our happy life.
The few strokes in the history books are the result of the revolutionary martyrs who fought for a lifetime, who searched for light for China in the darkness and finally ushered in the dawn.
Marshal Nie Rongzhen is one of the devotees, his meritorious service, after the founding of the People's Republic of China was awarded the rank of marshal, is one of the ten marshals of our country, deeply respected and loved by the whole party, the whole army, the people of the whole country.
Nie Rongzhen is also known as the "Lucky General", according to his later self-description, he fought a lifelong battle, fought all his life, but did not suffer a single injury, and later died unknowingly in his sleep at the age of 93.
Nie Rongzhen was the last retired Marshal of the Republic, and at the age of 93, he crossed the three stages of the Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China and new China, he saw the decaying and defeated China, the war-torn China and the prosperity and stability of China, and he witnessed the development of China in the past hundred years.
Nie Rongzhen has made indispensable contributions to the cause of the motherland, and his merits will forever be recorded in the annals of history and will be passed down through the ages.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="43" > initial intentions</h1>
On December 29, 1899, Nie Rongzhen fell to the ground in a stone courtyard near WutanChang (later assigned to Chongqing City) in Jiangjin County, Sichuan Province.
Because the family was still relatively rich in the early days, Nie Rongzhen entered a private school at the age of 7 to receive enlightenment, and officially entered the school at the age of eleven.
The superior environment at home did not make Nie Rongzhen sink, on the contrary, Nie Rongzhen studied hard and achieved excellent results.
In the summer of 1917, Nie Rongzhen successfully entered Jiangjin County Middle School by relying on his own efforts and excellent results.
The young Nie Rongzhen especially likes to read, read a lot of books, and connects Chinese and Western.
Nie Rongzhen himself would go to Darwin's "Theory of Evolution", and also to read the progressive magazine "New Youth" sponsored by Mr. Chen Duxiu at that time, from which he learned a lot of ideas and concepts, and his thoughts slowly matured, no longer a student who would only immerse himself in hard reading, but became a progressive young man full of enthusiasm and bent on serving the motherland.
Living in poor and weak China, nie Rongzhen slowly had the idea of changing the status quo in China, and he learned in the book that Western countries got rid of poverty and weakness by virtue of the industrial revolution, so "industrial rejuvenation of the country" slowly sprouted in his heart.
At that time, whenever he encountered major national events, Nie Rongzhen was full of emotions, often writing his own thoughts of worrying about the country and the people into his homework, and the teacher often praised him, saying that Nie Rongzhen was talented and smart, and he would definitely have great achievements when he grew up.
Nie Rongzhen's patriotism is not just on paper, he actively joined the ranks of progressive youth and is determined to contribute his strength to the construction of the motherland.
Nie Rongzhen often joined the parade to carry out patriotic struggles, such as parades and rallies, leaflets, posters, and speeches.
During the May Fourth Movement, Nie Rongzhen was arrested by the military and police for his patriotic struggle, which threatened the dictatorship of the government at that time.
Forced by helplessness, coupled with his desire to learn advanced scientific knowledge from the West and save a fragmented and dilapidated China, Nie Rongzhen embarked on the road of work-study in France in 1919, and he set ambitions to find a way to change For China, change the face of old China, and make China rich and strong.
In 1922, Nie Rongzhen studied chemical engineering at the Labor University of Shaolois in Belgium and joined the Communist Party of China in 1923.
In 1924, Nie Rongzhen transferred to the Communist University of Eastern Workers in Moscow.
In 1925, Nie Rongzhen returned to China with his classmates.
During the five years of studying abroad, Nie Rongzhen's observations and what he learned underwent a fundamental change in his ideological concepts, and his thinking changed from "rejuvenating the country through industry" to believing in Marxism, firmly believing that social revolution can save China. Nie Rongzhen became a Marxist believer and a brave communist fighter.
In these 5 years, Nie Rongzhen learned a lot of advanced Western cultural knowledge and changed his thinking, but his original intention and mission to save the country did not change at all.
< h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="74" > career</h1>
Nie Rongzhen dedicated most of his life to the people and spent his life fighting horses.
However, unlike other marshals, Nie Rongzhen experienced countless battlefields in his life, and in the decades of military career from the Northern Expedition to the Agrarian Revolutionary War, the War of Resistance Against Japan, and the War of Liberation, even in the face of guns and bullets, he acted under the eyes of the enemy, and in the face of these dangerous actions, Nie Rongzhen was still unharmed.
After Returning to China, Nie Rongzhen was hired to serve as the secretary of the Political Department and political instructor at the Whampoa Military Academy. During his inauguration, Nie Rongzhen strongly expressed his views, resolutely opposed Chiang Kai-shek's rule, and advocated exposing Chiang Kai-shek's conspiracy.
Nie Rongzhen did not stay in this position for long, and he was later dismissed from his post at the Whampoa Military Academy because of the influence and status of the current government, and was subsequently transferred to the Military Department of the Guangdong District Committee of the Communist Party of China as a commissioner.
In 1927, Nie Rongzhen was sent to Shanghai to assist Zhou Enlai in reorganizing the army and dealing with the aftermath.
During the April 12 incident, Chiang Kai-shek wantonly suppressed the Communist Party, leaving the Communist Party with no chance to breathe. Nie Rongzhen was deeply indignant at Chiang Kai-shek's approach, and he realized that only armed struggle could lead the Chinese revolution to victory, and only Chinese people could get rid of the fiery life.
With such an understanding, Nie Rongzhen threw himself into the Guangzhou uprising with enthusiasm.
Nie Rongzhen played a pivotal role in the Guangzhou uprising, but because our side was small in number and poorly equipped, the enemy army was numerous and fully armed, the Guangzhou uprising still failed.
As a revolutionary, Nie Rongzhen still encountered some dangerous situations when fulfilling the orders issued by his superiors, but he was fortunate to defuse these dangerous situations.
In 1927, Nie Rongzhen received orders from his superiors to go to Hong Kong to carry out underground work. In order to get in touch with other underground party members, Nie Rongzhen wrote his address on a small note and passed it on. Unfortunately, the enemy found this small note when searching the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee, and soon arrested Nie Rongzhen.
Heaven always took care of Nie Rongzhen. At that time, when the enemy army was arresting Nie Rongzhen, Nie Rongzhen happened to be out of office and was not at home. When Nie Rongzhen returned home, Nie Rongzhen found that the nanny he hired was carrying his luggage downstairs, because he knew the nanny's morality, Nie Rongzhen sensed that something was wrong.
As an underground worker, Nie Rongzhen had a high degree of vigilance, and he left a thought at that time. The cautious Nie Rongzhen did not ask the nanny why, and later the nanny handed Nie Rongzhen a look out of kindness.
Nie Rongzhen quickly understood the nanny's intentions, so he pretended to leave his house in a casual way, so he brushed past the danger, which was not only relying on the care of heaven, but more importantly, Nie Rongzhen was careful and cautious, relying on his own agility to escape this arrest.
In 1937, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression broke out in full swing, followed by the enthusiasm of Nie Rongzhen, who was determined to drive the Japanese invaders out of China's territory.
In this year, Nie Rongzhen, as the deputy commander of the 115th Division, led the 115th Division to fight bloody battles on the battlefield, strategize, and finally won the victory, which was the pingxing Guan da victory.
The Great Victory at Pingshiguan was the first major victory of our army since the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, which to a certain extent dealt a blow to the arrogance of the Japanese army and broke the rumors of the japanese army's invincibility.
During the battle, the 115th Division seized the opportunity and launched a fierce attack on the Japanese army, blocking the way for the Japanese to retreat. After a fierce battle, our army completely annihilated the besieged Japanese army and won a great victory.
In this battle, the 115th Division killed more than 1,000 Japanese troops and captured a large number of military supplies, and this victory struck a blow at the arrogance of the Japanese army, greatly encouraged the enthusiasm of the military and the people of the whole country to resist the war, and enhanced the prestige of the Communist Party of China and the Eighth Route Army.
During the Liberation War, Nie Rongzhen still led the army to bravely charge the battlefield, at the same time, Nie Rongzhen also cared about the lives of ordinary people.
In 1942, in the Jin-Cha-Ji anti-Japanese base area, Commander Nie Rongzhen issued a special "Leaf Instruction". What are the precepts? The order was an order issued by the political department of the army at that time, and the soldiers had to obey it.
The content of the Leaf Instruction requires that army soldiers must not pick leaves near the village. Why can't you pick leaves?
It turned out that in the spring of 1941, the Japanese army successively dispatched 70,000 troops to sweep up the base areas of our party, destroy the autumn harvest, and implement the "three-light policy" everywhere it went.
In addition, there was another drought at that time, which caused the Central Hebei Plain and the entire Jin-Cha-Ji anti-Japanese base area to be thousands of miles red, and the harvest of the military and civilians in the border area was sharply reduced.
According to the villagers, the grain harvest in the autumn harvest was completely destroyed by the Japanese army, it did not rain, and some crops died of drought just after they had grown seedlings, and the Beiyue District at that time entered the most difficult period, not only the people had no food to eat, but also the troops lacked food supply.
Under such circumstances, leaves became the only food that the military and civilians could satisfy.
The leaves became a life-saving straw, but the leaves near the village could not meet the needs of more than a thousand people. Nie Rongzhen watched the common people eat the bark of the roots and trees, and the children were skinny and skinny, and then he thought that his army was a strong young man, and the leaves might have been picked by his own army.
Therefore, Nie Rongzhen issued the "Leaf Instruction" according to this situation, requiring the army not to pick leaves near the village, but to pick leaves more than ten miles away from the village. Even if you don't pick the leaves and go hungry, you can't grab the leaves with the people.
This edict was posted in the form of a notice in the village, and the common people saw that they had come to the base area on their own to ask for Nie Rongzhen. The common people all believe that in this time of lack of food and clothing, everyone should face difficulties together, the army is not easy, and they have to defend their homeland, so they ask to withdraw the order. Nie Rongzhen warmly received the people, but the instructions were not taken back, and they were well implemented.
In addition, the troops began to implement a food conservation plan, requiring every soldier except the wounded and sick to save food and actively join the large production troops.
In this famine era, the Eighth Route Army supplied military food by producing and saving grain, and sent surplus grain to the common people. In 1942 alone, the troops saved 140,000 catties of grain, which was used to help the people. With the concerted efforts of the military and the people, everyone has survived this most difficult period together, and the feelings between the military and the people have become better and better.
During the Liberation War, Nie Rongzhen also commanded many battles and annihilated tens of thousands of Nationalist troops.
In 1947, Nie Rongzhen strategized and led the army to charge into the battlefield, winning the Battle of Qingfengdian and reversing the disadvantages of the North China Battlefield. Subsequently, Nie Rongzhen launched the Shijiazhuang Campaign again, and captured Shijiazhuang with a single blow.
In the following battles, Nie Rongzhen took into account the overall situation, and did not ask for command of the battle in a young and arrogant manner, but was willing to serve as a supporting role in the war and cooperate with the instructions and arrangements of his superiors. Thanks to the efforts of Nie Rongzhen and others, the three major battles were over, the entire liberation war entered the final stage, and the new-democratic revolution won the final victory.
In the Liberation War, although Nie Rongzhen did not command too many large-scale battles, he also exerted immeasurable strength in it. The soldiers in the front fight on the battlefield, and they play a supporting role in the rear, and Nie Rongzhen plays the role of a brick, where it is useful to move.
It is particularly worth mentioning the liberation of Beiping, which is an ancient city with a long history, and if it is violently liberated, it will attract the spit and curse of thousands of generations of descendants. Nie Rongzhen has always advocated the peaceful liberation of Peiping, and has contributed a lot of painstaking efforts to this, making immortal contributions to the peaceful liberation of Peiping.
In 1955, at the ceremony, Chairman Mao awarded Nie Rongzhen the rank of Marshal.
This military rank is a recognition of Nie Rongzhen's lifelong meritorious service to the cause of china's liberation, and a praise for Nie Rongzhen's meritorious service in liberating New China!
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="95" > scientific journey</h1>
New China was founded, but the country was still in a period of poverty and weakness. At this time, Nie Rongzhen thought of the dream of his youth, that is, to save the country through science and education and revitalize the country through science and technology.
In the second year of the founding of New China, according to the work arranged by his superiors, Nie Rongzhen took the initiative to ask Miao to be in charge of science and technology work, and in this way, Nie Rongzhen embarked on a journey of national defense science and technology.
In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, a large number of young scientists understood the country's current priority, so they gave up their superior lives abroad, responded to the call of the state, and returned home with dreams, hoping to use what they had learned in their lives to build this new China that was still in its infancy.
However, in that era, some old party cadres still had some resistance, so they all came to Nie Rongzhen to reflect the situation. At that time, after Nie Rongzhen understood the whole situation, he repeatedly did ideological work for these old cadres.
To a certain extent, Nie Rongzhen protects the safety of young people who devote themselves to science, so that they will not be harmed and can concentrate on scientific and technological research and development.
New China is poor and weak, and it is even weaker in scientific research and development, and even more blank in research work in the field of national defense development and modernization.
In 1960, china and the Soviet Union were at odds, and the Soviet Union withdrew the experts who worked as nuclear testers in China, which made the already arduous work even worse.
At that time, the machinery and equipment of the military factory were backward, and without the guidance and guidance of experts, the situation at that time was difficult to move forward. Such difficulties did not hit Nie Rongzhen, but on the contrary, they stimulated his high morale.
Nie Rongzhen once said: "People must have some spirit." Chinese persevered and struggled and spent decades to build a new China. Then we will certainly work harder in the next few decades to build this poor and weak China into a modern power. By closely relying on the party's leadership and the efforts of the broad masses of scientific workers, we will certainly be able to overcome difficulties, change the status quo, and achieve the goals we have envisioned. ”
With such ambitions, Nie Rongzhen led the vast number of scientific and technological workers to invest in the development of the "two bombs."
Of course, under difficult conditions, the study of the "two bombs" did not go well.
The "Dongfeng-2" was finally developed under the waste of scientists, but it failed in the process of launching.
At that time, the "Dongfeng-2" fell shortly after taking off, and the failed launch took a big hit many scientists.
After Nie Rongzhen learned about the situation, he understood that the top priority now was to comfort the scientific workers and rebuild their confidence.
Nie Rongzhen said that the experience of failure is the most valuable, so that it can get closer and closer to success, and failure is the mother of success.
Then the next day, Nie Rongzhen rushed to the research and development base to encourage the majority of scientific workers, "The development of things is regular, the more difficult the time means that the closer to success, so you can't be discouraged, you must work harder to refuel." ”
Nie Rongzhen understands that only scientific and technological talents can rejuvenate the country with science and technology, so he always cares about scientific workers and does all the logistical support for them.
After that, the scientific workers also began to work hard under nie Rongzhen's care.
In 1964, the "Dongfeng-2" was successfully launched at jiuquan base, and three subsequent missile experiments were also successful.
In the era of poverty in China, when science and technology were scarce and resources were scarce, Nie Rongzhen led the scientific workers to overcome many difficulties and successfully develop missiles and atomic bombs by relying on their own strength.
The successful development of atomic bombs and missiles has demonstrated China's strength to the world and greatly enhanced China's status in the world.
On May 14, 1992, Nie Rongzhen's heart stopped beating in his sleep, and the last marshal of our country passed away. Nie Rongzhen has been a member of the Party for 70 years and has dedicated his life to the motherland and the people.
Marshal Nie Rongzhen never got injured in the years of war, and he never got injured in the era of war, and later he also witnessed the founding of New China, and New China became rich and strong.
Marshal Nie Rongzhen said something touching at the last moment of his life:
"93 years old, 70 years into the party. Since joining the Communist Party, he has never left the party post and has struggled for the party and the country all his life. I firmly believe that the party's reform and opening up is correct, the party's line is correct, and the Communist Party of China can lead China to democracy and prosperity. As a veteran Communist Party member, I sincerely hope that the comrades of the whole Party will be able to build our Country into a prosperous and strong country under the leadership of the Party Central Committee. ”
Marshal Nie called himself a blessing general before he died, but he did not enjoy this blessing exclusively.
Throughout his life, Marshal Nie Rongzhen always used his own efforts to bring happiness to the common people. Before his death, Marshal Nie Rongzhen also hoped that the Chinese people would be able to be independent and the country would be prosperous and strong.
A hundred years of wind and rain, the original heart is like a rock.
Marshal Nie Rongzhen has dedicated his life to the motherland and the people for nearly a hundred years, and he has always followed the Communist Party of China and adhered to the leadership of the Party.
No matter how the situation changes, Marshal Nie Rongzhen still has not changed his original intention and is fighting for the motherland and the people. He used his life to write a great chapter in the long river of history. Welcome friends to leave a message in the comment area to discuss, like the content of this issue of friends like the comments to pay attention to support it, we will see you in the next issue.