The art of war ceremony, the commercial heavenly article, the eunuch sea power art, the must-read in the world, this is the "Sun Tzu Art of War", a treatise on the rule of the world, a Zhou Yi to talk about the world, a "Sun Tzu Art of War", not only in the military has great wisdom, but also can be used in every corner of life.
Spring and Autumn Warring States, a hundred schools of contention, Sun Wu is the representative of the bing family, he is the master of the hundred generations of soldiers, the originator of the Oriental military science, the most holy sun Wu of the bing family, can be called this number. However, with so many titles, none of them are praised by the commander," which is really strange for a military scientist.
Due to the historical faults, it is impossible to consider when Sun Wu was born, we only know that Sun Wu began to show his head in 512 BC, when King Wu and Wu Zixu discussed preparing to march west, and Wu Zixu recommended Sun Wu to King Wu 7 times in a row, which made Sun Wu officially enter the stage of history, when Sun Wu had already written "Sun Tzu's Art of War", he came to see King Wu with his own writings, which made King Wu secretly nod his head, thinking that this was really a talent. Every time King Wu and Sun Wu discussed political and military issues, they were able to bring satisfactory answers to themselves.
When Sun Wu was more than 50 years old, his friend Wu Zixu was killed, and in the face of the quiet death of his friend, Sun Wu had no intention of contributing to the State of Wu anymore, and instead went to another place to concentrate on writing and revising his own martial arts.
However, this is only one of the theories, and there is another theory that after Wu Zixu died, Sun Wu died depressed because he was too sad.
In either case, everyone is aware of one thing: Sun Wu's whereabouts are unknown, there is no record in history, it was in this period of time after Sun Wu attacked the Chu State, what happened after this? Moreover, Sun Wu seems to have not made much achievements in his own leading workplace, why is this?
Sun Wu's whereabouts after the invasion of the Chu state were unknown, most likely because the troops sent by the Qin state to fight lost the battle, or even the entire army was destroyed, such a command mistake made Sun Wu punished by the King of Wu, the slightest punishment was to exile the commander of the three armies, so that he could no longer lead the troops to fight in his lifetime, and the most serious punishment could also be directly beheaded in front of the battle.
This is not nonsense, we carefully analyze, in the historical record, Sun Wu's only independent command of the battle was to conquer the Battle of Shucheng, in this battle, Sun Wu privately decided to kill two Wu rebel generals. Some people will say that Sun Wu also participated in the Battle of Baiju to break the capital of the Chu State, but in this battle, Sun Wu did not serve as the commander-in-chief, the commander was the King of Wu at that time, and it was the relatives of the King of Wu who received the first merit of breaking the city at that time, although Sun Wu was in the marching team, he only fought with the troops and did not have any position of real power.
Sun Wu was by no means a good man in the traditional sense, after wu broke through the capital of the state of Chu, he did many things that were angry and resentful, violating the etiquette laws that had been passed down from the Countries of the Spring and Autumn Period for hundreds of years at that time, the state of Wu burned the temple of the state of Chu, dug up the tomb of the king of Chu, and did nothing evil in the face of the people burning and plundering, and all the people of the state of Wu, from generals to ordinary soldiers, treated all the people of the state of Chu as slaves and even goods, so the practice of violating common sense and even the heavenly path naturally aroused the resistance of the people of the state of Chu.
However, this kind of resistance only made Wu Guo laugh up and down, they thought that their purpose had been achieved, and what was Sun Wu doing at this time?
"Sun Tzu's Art of War" has clouds: honesty is shameful, loving the people is annoying, this sentence comes from the nine variations, the whole sentence is: Therefore, there will be five dangers, death can be killed, life can be captured, anger can be insulted, incorruptibility is shameful, and loving the people is annoying.
That is to say, Sun Wu regarded honesty and love for the people as the fatal weakness of a general who commanded the whole army, and a general had five fatal weaknesses, one of which was incorruptibility, if he was honest, he might be insulted, and if he loved the people, he might be disturbed by unprovoked things, which was very undesirable for a general who could only focus on fighting. And Wu Guo's various deeds are very correct in Sun Wu's view, if he wins, he will take advantage of the victory to pursue, and he will stop at nothing to hit the enemy's morale, the wildfire will not burn endlessly, the spring wind will blow again, and only by uprooting the enemy and psychologically destroying the enemy, then this is the real final victory.
Before Sun Wu, the art of war was based on benevolence, only benevolence can govern a country, only benevolence can subdue the enemy's heart, let the enemy turn from a prisoner into his own soldier, and strengthen his own living strength, while Sun Tzu is different, he advocates:
Soldiers, tricksters also. Therefore, it can be shown that it cannot be shown, it can be used and shown that it is not used, it is near and far away, and it is far and near.
According to the various combat situations in later generations, Sun Wu's cognition is absolutely correct, using constant false information to confuse the enemy, and using the method of soldiers is to make others unable to touch their own way. Since he advocated this practice, then there must have been people who were familiar with his military books at that time, and this line of thinking opened up a bloody precedent for the ceremonial aristocratic warfare at that time, knowing oneself and knowing the other, never losing a hundred battles, and the enemy would certainly understand Sun Wu.
From this time on, the civilized battle between civilized and formulaic nobles began to fade from the long river of history, thus becoming a cruel cold weapon knife and bloody battle, the war is no longer a formality, but really began to use conspiracy and trickery, this kind of conspiracy and trickery, it is very likely to be used against Sun Wu's own body.
This practice of the State of Wu made all the countries feel disdainful, including even the State of Qin, when the ministers of the State of Chu cried to the State of Qin about this behavior of the State of Wu, and the State of Qin sent about 37,500 people to rescue the State of Chu, unlike the previous battles, this time, Dayi stood by the side of the State of Qin, and got more help from the Tao, and the State of Qin and the State of Chu were the side of the Tao this time.
At that time, there were already some arrogant emotions spreading throughout the Wu kingdom, they thought that they were already the most powerful army in the world, and no one could defeat the undefeated division, but reality gave them a head-on blow, and King Wu was injured by the Qin-Chu coalition army. And Wu Guo's general Fu Wei believed that the current wu state was gone, instead of going back and waiting for a certain end, it was better to fight with his own hands, so he called himself king, and the current situation was not optimistic for Wu Guo, internal and external troubles followed, there was a Qin-Chu alliance outside, and there was a rebellion inside.
Faced with such a dilemma, there were few living fighting forces left for the State of Wu, and they had to give up their grand desire to annex the State of Chu, and could only shrink their battle positions and strive to defend their capital, but the Qin-Chu coalition forces directly attacked Huanglong, and the troops of Wu Zixu and Sun Wu were defeated by the Qin-Chu coalition forces, and the State of Wu could only withdraw quickly, and even the bones of their own side had not been able to converge.
After this battle, Wu Zixu continued to be active in the stage of history, and the records of Sun Wu became very few, so some people even speculated that Wu Zixu and Sun Wu in history were one person, because after the death of Wu Zixu recorded in the clear text, Sun Wu also really died or returned to the mountains.
But more likely, after this battle, Sun Wu was punished by King Wu, which was one of the reasons for Sun Wu's failure in the workplace. In short, Sun Wu could not show his wild wisdom in the real battlefield.
So, didn't Sun Wu become a waster who could only talk on paper?
Let's first rule out the bizarre idea that Wu Zixu and Sun Wu are one person, and the soldier that Sun Wu talks about on paper has been famous for thousands of years, and Zhao Kuo's talk about soldiers on paper is doomed to regret for ten thousand years. From the sages and emperors to the current politicians, they all respect the work "Sun Tzu's Art of War", you know, this art of war is only more than 6,000 words, but it can span the 2,500 years of history and immortalize, which shows the grandeur of its influence.
According to normal logical thinking, the person who can write such a terrible art of war must be a great general, but Sun Tzu has hardly carried out a real field battle before completing this art of war, and the completion of this work depends on Sun Wu's continuous simulation of combat in his mind.
Why is it that Sun Wu can talk about such a high realm when talking about soldiers, but Zhao Kuo can only make people laugh when talking about soldiers?
There are very few records about Sun Wu in history, and there is almost no record of how Sun Wu trained troops, and the only one that has a clear record is that Everyone knows that Sun Wu helped women train troops, which can be said to be the embodiment of Sun Wu's expression of his own military method, and it can also be said that Sun Wu is a side performance of his self-use.
When King Wu asked Sun Wu to help him, he asked him jokingly if he could help himself to train a unit composed entirely of women, which was a joke, but he did not expect that Sun Wu actually agreed, so King Wu selected 180 palace women to hand over to Sun Wu.
At first, everyone, including King Wu, believed that Sun Wu was only pleasing himself and did not really train according to the practice of the troops, so all the palace ladies played and played, and no one listened to Sun Wu's training guidelines. When King Wu saw this situation, he not only regarded it as a joke for himself, but also really wanted to know how Sun Wu should deal with such a situation.
The training troops must have strict discipline, and the soldiers take obedience to orders as their natural duty, so even if his subordinates are the palace daughters of King Wu, they will not spare their subordinates, so Sun Wu selected the two people who played the most among these women as chickens and killed them for the monkeys to see. The two people selected were the concubines of King Wu, and King Wu saw that Sun Wu was not joking to kill these two people, so he interceded for them, but Sun Wu flatly refused with the sentence "Will be exempted from foreign military orders", so he killed these two people without hesitation.
Sun Wu did have some of his own unique ideas in the use of soldiers, but he did not appear so mature in the use of people and for people, and it can be seen from this incident that Sun Wu killed not only the concubines of King Wu, but also the face of King Wu, and was killed by one of his staff members in front of everyone.
In addition, during the above-mentioned battle to conquer Shucheng, Sun Wu also decided privately to kill two generals, and indeed as he said, he would be exempt from foreign military orders, but such acts were obviously beyond the limits that an emperor could endure.
Sun Wu wrote "Sun Tzu's Art of War" is indeed talking about soldiers on paper, because he does not have any practical experience, and handling affairs for people should also be one of the basic events that a soldier can understand, Sun Wu has already fallen behind in dealing with people, fighting a war is not only to confront the two armies, but also a psychological contest between people, how to send emissaries, and in what way to persuade the enemy to surrender. "Soldiers who surrender without fighting" are indeed what Sun Wu said, and this sentence is indeed true and reasonable, but how to implement it, Sun Wu does not have a clear method, it can be said that when Sun Wu wrote this sentence, he only understood that it was correct to do so, but there was no clear specific idea.
Is it because of this that we have to deny Sun Wu? Denying that Sun Wu is the most holy of the bing family?
The answer is no, we cannot deny the positive role played by Sun Tzu's Art of War in the history of military culture in China and even in the world. Sun Wu's on-paper soldiers are completely different from Zhao Kuo's on-paper soldiers, and the only thing Sun Wu and Zhao Kuo have in common is that neither of them has ever led troops to fight on the ground.
When Zhao Kuo talked about soldiers on paper, he simply recited the martial arts of his predecessors, such a situation, if it is a game of chess or sand table simulation deduction, may have a certain effect, and war is not simple data, improvisation is one of the basic qualities of generals on the battlefield.
And Sun Wu's paper talk, derived from Sun Wu's ideas and ideas on the concept of tactics, more is the tactical innovation, at that time the war was just a game of life between the nobles, there was no conspiracy and trickery, and Sun Wu came up with the relevant tactics, so that he made an innovation in combat, this innovation was at least 2500 years ahead of the world.
This is the second reason why Sun Wu failed in the leading workplace. Sun Wu could not figure out the inner intentions of others, and could only act according to his own wishes.
From the facts that Sun Wu really went to the battlefield, we can also conclude that he was not an excellent commander, the only time he led the troops to fight, and also killed two traitors privately, he was too arbitrary, and he was too confident, and then in the face of the qin-Chu coalition army, he did not win the victory, perhaps the time and place were favorable and not on his side. The final result was that the troops led by Sun Wu were almost completely destroyed.
Therefore, it is not too much to describe Sun Wu as a saying on paper, Sun Wu's experience in leading soldiers to fight is really too little, he has never understood that fighting depends on not only a person's skill, perhaps Sun Wu has amazing talent, but he has not yet grown up in the war, he was ruthlessly erased at the psychological level.
Sun Wu's "Art of War" by Sun Tzu has indeed brought indelible contributions to the world's human civilization, but we cannot explain that Sun Wu is omnipotent, just as mentioned above, if you want to win a battle, it always depends on an organic whole, not how much talent a person has to learn, although in leading soldiers to fight, he has no way to be famous for eternity, and in his career, he has also been defeated again and again, but his supreme wisdom has brought contributions to the human beings in the world.
References: Sun Tzu's Art of War and the Thirty-Six Plans, Zuo Zhuan, Wu Yue Chunqiu