As a very famous dynasty in the Northern Wei Dynasty, its ruling style is very distinctive. In order to strengthen their centralized power, the rulers of the Northern Wei often needed to cooperate with the Han masses, so most of the Northern Wei monarchs treated the people well with the administrative policy of being diligent and loving the people in the process of ruling. Among them, Tuoba Si, the Ming Emperor of northern Wei, was one of the most important, and his reign was still very lenient to the people in general, and he cultivated the government internally and expanded the territory externally, which can be said to be a Ming emperor.
However, in 421 AD, the young Northern Wei emperor changed his governing style and began to expropriate people and "travel" everywhere.
According to historical records, Tuoba Si inspected Gongyang in that year, requisitioned twenty households to transport a horse and a large ox, and soon after, The King of Yangping, Yuanxi, died, and requisitioned the people of six tribes to transport a horse. After that, Tuoba Si recruited 6,000 people in the capital to establish the Inner Garden, and then went to Panyang Mountain to tour. After hunting at Mount Zao, he personally shot a tiger, continued hunting in Kagisa, and then ran to Daichi and Yunzhong.
All in all, this year's Tuoba Si is simply not like the previous Tuoba Si, and the Tuoba Si who vigorously reduced taxes for the people before is simply two people. So, why did Tuoba Si travel in a big way and exert servitude to the people?
Tuoba Si's attitude toward Liu Yu had always been one of hatred, which was not only related to the hostility between the two regimes, but also had a lot to do with the demise of Later Qin.
According to modern terms, in the strict sense, Tuoba Si and Liu Yu should be consorts: Tuoba Si's Lady Yao and Liu Yu's Lady Yao are a pair of sisters. In that year, Yao Xing sent the scattered attendants Yao Chang and Shangshu Yao Tai to present Princess Xiping to Tuoba Si, and Tuoba Si, out of respect for Later Qin, although he married a side concubine, he still married Lady Yao with the etiquette of greeting the empress, even if it was a political marriage, Tuoba Si and Yao's relationship was particularly good.
There was a custom in the Northern Wei Dynasty that if the emperor wanted to appoint anyone as the queen, he had to first hold a ceremony to cast gold people, and if the gold people were not successfully cast, then this woman was not an empress recognized by the ancestors.
Since Lady Yao was a foreign woman, in order to avoid Later Qin interfering with the internal affairs of northern Wei, the relevant officials who cast the gold people did not let the gold people cast by Lady Yao succeed. Tuoba Si was very unhappy and decided to make Lady Yao the queen, but Lady Yao refused. Tuoba Si had no choice but to order that although Lady Yao did not have the name of empress, Lady Yao must be treated the same as the empress. Later, Tuoba Si always looked for an opportunity to make Lady Yao empress, but was rejected by Lady Yao.
Unlike her sister Princess Xiping, Liu Yu's Lady Yao did not become a concubine, and when she and Liu Yu married, Liu Yu was still only a courtier. In terms of marriage system, Princess Xiping is considered to be Tuoba Si's wife because she is married by the Ming Media. When Liu Yu's Lady Yao married Liu Yu, Later Qin had already perished, and although she was also Yao Xing's daughter, Lady XiaoYao was an authentic captive. Because Lady Xiaoyao was young and beautiful, Liu Yu entered the Later Qin Palace and immediately fell in love with her, and for the sake of the concubines, he loved her very much, and even for Lady Xiaoyao to no longer handle government affairs.
When Liu Yu's close minister Xie Han saw this, he immediately advised Liu Yu not to forget the big thing. Liu Yu himself is more concerned about the cause, as soon as he heard that Lady Xiao Yao was interfering with his career, Liu Yu immediately realized the seriousness of the matter, and in order to achieve great success, Liu Yu had to take Mrs. Xiao Yao off.
Liu Yu's behavior caused dissatisfaction among Yao's descendants, who were originally killed by Liu Yu, the last emperor of Later Qin, but now Liu Yu did not think about his personal feelings, and even Xiao Yao was driven away, and the more Yao's disciples thought about it, the more angry they became, so they defected to Northern Wei.
Liu Yu always had the ambition to annex the world when he was a minister of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and both Later Qin and Northern Wei were the future meals for him. Liu Yu's attitude allowed Tuoba Si to quickly find a way to deal with the Eastern Jin Dynasty, that is, to take the inclusive route and establish good relations with Later Qin. When Yao Xing was still alive, Tuoba Si was able to accept Yao Xing's reward for himself.
After the fall of Later Qin, Tuoba Si, instead of falling into the well, told the people of Hedong and Hanoi that if they could send the wandering later Qin Sect's sons to the capital, they would be rewarded. Under Tuoba Si's moral government, Later Qin's clans came to surrender.
In 420, Lady Yao died of illness, and her death not only struck tuoba si's spirit, but also completely tore apart the in-law relationship between Liu Song and Northern Wei. Since then, Tuoba Si has begun to cultivate obscurity, pretending to be laborious and hurting the people, waiting for the opportunity to counterattack.
Northern Wei, as a country established by the Xianbei nobles, due to geographical conditions, had to face various foreign enemies in peacetime, such as Northern Yan, Rouran and other countries.
In that year, Tuoba Si once sent Sun Song, the Duke of Nanping, and others to the north to conquer Rouran, and the Northern Expedition was creepy, and Changsun Song and others surrounded the Ruoran people to Niuchuan. Soon, Tuoba Si personally marched, and the Rouran people immediately returned to the old nest after hearing it.
However, after Rouran retreated, new enemies appeared. During the Wei and Jin dynasties, Gao Yun was destroyed by Feng Bao, who proclaimed himself the Heavenly King of Great Yan and established Northern Yan. Later, the Northern Wei Tuhe tribe's Kuju guanbin surrendered to Feng Bao. In order to oppose Northern Wei, Feng Bao began to collude with Liu Yu, who was still an official of the Eastern Jin Dynasty at that time.
In order to break Feng Bao's plan, Tuoba Si sent the xiao cavalry general Yan Pu to attack Northern Yan through the water, killed Ku Ku Guanbin, Feng Bao's Youzhou Assassin Shiku Guanchang and Guannei Hou Ku Guanti, and captured The Ku Official's surname. Soon after, he sent his eldest son Daosheng and Xi Guan to attack Feng Bao again, ordering Yanpu to grow his momentum from Youzhou to western Liaoning, while Tuoba Si himself personally fought Feng Bao at Tumenling. Through this counterattack, Northern Yan no longer dared to secretly harm the interests of Northern Wei by digging the foot of the wall, but began to submit to Northern Wei in person.
In order to threaten the enemies of Northern Yan and Rouran, Tuoba Si began the annual patrol and hunting activities.
In 421 AD, Tuoba Si toured the land of Fortune and Yunzhong because of the unusual political significance of these two sites. Daidi was originally called Dai Guo, which was the regime established by Tuoba Si's ancestor Tuoba Yilu, and was also the predecessor of Northern Wei, it can be said that without Daidi, there would be no Northern Wei regime.
The political significance of Yunzhong is even more important, it has been a place of contention for soldiers since the Warring States period, in addition to burying Tuoba Si's concubine Lady Yao, it is also Tuoba Si's military base and palace south of Daqingshan, which is a very important pass for Northern Wei.
The land in the clouds is located in Hebei, relatively close to the current Beijing and Liaoning generation, Tuoba Si often parades here, not to play, but to stare at the Northern Yan under the banner of play.
Because the people of the Northern Wei Dynasty were located in the areas ruled by ethnic minorities, the average cultural quality of the people was relatively low, coupled with frequent disasters, the contradictions between the people and the government were more serious, and it was easy to be seduced by other lawbreakers.
After Sima Shun, a widow of the Sima clan, entered Changshan, he spread rumors in the local area that he was ordered by the Heavenly Emperor to become an emperor and became the emperor of the earth at Fenglong Mountain. The Hu starving people in Hexi gathered in Shangdang and elected Bai Yalisi as the leader of the alliance, and Bai Yalisi initially called himself a great general, rebelled in Shangdang, and later even declared himself a single Yu, with Sima Shun as his military division. When Tuoba Si heard about it, he sent Gongsun Biao and five other generals to destroy them.
Huo Xiu, an ordinary citizen in the Changshan area, after hearing about it, also learned from the same way, claiming that he had a map sent from the heavens and the earth, and also took a black stone pretending to be a jade seal given by heaven, tricked the local people into going to the mountains to be bandits, and was arrested and killed by the governor of the prefecture and county in the Changshan area.
In addition to these two events, during the era of Tuoba Si's rule, northern Wei also had incidents in which Zhao De, a great thief of Zhao County, was caught and beheaded by the Capital Division, and a people of Liu Ya gathered to rebel, and as a result, they were pacified by Xi Jin's crusade. The successive different forms of uprisings caused Tuoba Si a headache, and he realized that if he wanted to convince the people, he needed to solve the contradictions between the people and the imperial court.
Tuoba Si commanded, "When you have enough to eat and warm to wear, the people will know what glory is and what is humiliation." Those rebellious people are hungry and cold, and death is only in the middle of nowhere, only for food and clothing, so can they learn to be loyal and filial to the imperial court? As an emperor, the people did not listen to me and repeatedly participated in rebellions, and this is the reason. In this world, the most precious thing is that the male cultivator and the female weave, the husband and wife are harmonious, and the small family is self-sufficient. From today onwards, I will release the maids who have not been fortunate enough to be made, labored, and performed out of the palace to be wives for single sticks. ”
After the release of yin, Tuoba Si ordered the starving people of Jingshi to go to Shandong to get grain. Tuoba Si believed that now that the Northern Wei Dynasty was frequently suffering from frost and drought, the grain could not be harvested every year, and the people died too much because of hunger and cold, so all localities must donate cloth and grain in the warehouse to help the victims.
After that, Tuoba Si personally sent officials to Hezhou and Dingzhou to visit the Hu and Ding people living in the mountains, inspect the suffering of the people in these areas, and report whether the local governors had done anything wrong. Those who cause unjust, false and wrongly decided cases, dereliction of duty, and oppression of the people must be secretly played to him. Later, he found that some governors of areas far away from the capital would always use their geographical remoteness as an excuse not to report their duties or even conceal the truth.
In order to solve this problem, Tuoba Si set up emissaries to tour the world, inspect the states, and secretly visit the local governors on the grounds of observing folk customs and customs. Focus on supervising the property of local governors, and if there is corruption, bribery, or even all devaluation of government, family property confiscation. Local governors were required to execute prisoners, sentences were given fairly, and senior officials were sent to personally visit local patriarchs to investigate the sufferings of the people.
Tuoba Si also innovated a "wild road" that was close to the people, in addition to reducing the people's taxes for reasons such as floods, Tuoba Si often exempted the people from taxes for a certain year on the grounds that the patrol interfered with the people.
In the spring of 421 AD, Tuoba Si patrolled to Gongyang, and in June, Tuoba Si toured The Mountain of Panyang. Although the land of Gongyang is located in a remote mountainous area, the soil is relatively fertile and suitable for farmers to cultivate, while Panyang Mountain is suitable for growing Chinese medicines such as astragalus. Tuoba Si visited these areas, and the goal was obvious, that is, to try to encourage the local people to develop agriculture through their own strength, so that the people could have medicines and cures, and promote the development of local agriculture and commodity economy.
Although Tuoba Si requisitioned the people's husbands, he could then use the interference with the people as a reason to exempt or halve the land tax for one year for the people around Gongyang and Panyang Mountain. Moreover, the number of people requisitioned by Tuoba Si is not much, the people are only responsible for transporting some livestock and other things, and the construction of gardens mainly to protect The White Mountain, for the people who suffer from heavy snow and drought all year round, this degree of servitude is not heavy, and even through this way of work for charity to obtain living needs.
After Lady Yao's death, Tuoba Si's third brother, Tuoba Xi the Prince of Yangping, an important general of Northern Wei, died of illness. Tuoba Xi, the king of Yangping, has always been smart and generous, generous and disciplined, and has always been trusted and loved by his clan brothers. When Tuoba Si placed soldiers in the east, Tuoba Xi was the governor of the Twelfth Army in the east, and the army that Tuoba Xi had reviewed was very powerful as a soldier, which made Tuoba Si very happy, and later Tuoba Xi made a battle achievement against Yue Qin in the west. However, due to years of conquest, Tuoba Xi's body gradually weakened, and he died of illness at the age of only 23. After his death, Tuoba Si not only lost his dearest brother, but also lost a capable general.
In 421, Mengxun led 20,000 Northern Liang soldiers to attack Dunhuang, digging levees on three sides in an attempt to flood Dunhuang. Li Ke sent 1,000 warriors to connect the wooden planks into a bridge, intending to secretly dig up the embankment and end it up, but was discovered by The Depressed Canal Mengxun, Li Ke committed suicide, and all the soldiers who secretly dug the levee were killed, and then the Frustrated Canal Mengxun slaughtered Dunhuang and became the new co-lord of the Western Regions.
In the same year, Bald Insult Tan was stolen by Qifu Blazing Rock because he went out to requisition the Yifu clan. Later, he sent people to defeat Tuguhun's tree Achai. Soon after, the Qifu clan sent Confucius to the south of the weak water to conquer Tuguhun and finally succeeded.
In order to give these victorious chiefs some color to see, Tuoba Si personally captured tigers in 421 AD, and held several hunting conventions to raise obscurity and distract the enemy. Among them, because Panyang Mountain is the hometown of the Great Wall, it has naturally become a place where Tuoba Si often goes. After some threats, Liu Yu realized that his young husband was not easy to mess with, so he began to repair on the grounds of tribute, but the different positions of the two people were destined to have a fight, which was a historical necessity.
Compared with Liu Yu's love of beauty and love of Jiangshan, Tuoba Si, a Hanzi from the grassland, is a beauty of Jiangshan. He and Liu Yu, as a generation of Ming emperors, both cared more about the people, and they were very ruthless to their political enemies and the enemies of their own nation, and they could pass laws to curb the oppression of the people by officials, hiding the true purpose in the illusion of pleasure, but tuoba si was more emotional than Liu Yu.
Being able to rationally not be swayed by close subjects, treat and trust your concubines well, not regard women as victims of your big goals, and be able to be fair and just, not to be swayed by close subjects, this is something that Liu Yu does not have. And this advantage is precisely an important reason for the gap in national strength between the northern and southern dynasties that has finally been opened.
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