The Qiang clan of the Qi clan lived in Linwei, Luoyang (present-day northeast of Tianshui, Gansu), and was a tribal marshal.
In the last year of the Western Jin Dynasty, the representative figure of the Qiang clan, Zhi Hong, was promoted by the Liuyang People as the leader of the alliance and organized a force of the Qi people.
Former Zhao Liu Yao proclaimed himself emperor in Chang'an, and Gong Hong led his troops to submit to Him, and was given the title of Marquis of Guiyi.
After the rise of The Zhao forces, Gong Hong led the people to surrender to the Later Zhao lord Shi Hu and was named the champion general. In order to consolidate his rule, the Later Zhao monarch Shi Hu migrated all the People of Qi, Qiang, and other tribes in Guanzhong to the Kanto Region.
Kanto is the birthplace of the Qiang people, but also their sphere of influence, with Shi Hu's position at that time to take the deeds of these foreigners in their own hands, with eyeliner day and night to stare at it can indeed prevent rebellion after the forces such as the Qiang people and the Qiang people grow large, but there are two sides to the affairs, if you can't control this force, there will be greater changes.
At first, Shi Le made Gong Hong the general of Long Shu and the governor of the displaced people, and lived in Fangtou. During Shi Hu's reign, Shi Hu killed his son Shi Xuan and sent the Guards of the Eastern Palace to the frontier, among which Gao Li escorted Liang Li, who was humiliated on the way, led the army to rebel, and there were more than 100,000 responders, and all the way he wanted to be invincible, Shi Hu had to pour the strength of the whole country to put down the rebellion, and fu Hong of the Qiang people and Yao Yizhong of the Qiang people were in danger, defeated Liang Calf, and tried to save the life of the later Zhao state.
However, in the fifth year of yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (349 AD), Shi Hu fell ill and died, and his son competed for power and seized the throne, and Later Zhao fell into chaos. Xiang Hong led more than 100,000 people to immediately send envoys to surrender to the Eastern Jin Dynasty, and the Eastern Jin Dynasty was also a mud bodhisattva who crossed the river himself, and was also happy to see the great chaos in the north, so he immediately appointed Gong Hong as the general of the Northern Expedition, the governor of Hebei, and added various titles to Xiang Hong, such as the History of Jizhou and the Duke of Guangzhou.
In the seventh year of Yonghe (351), Gonghong proclaimed himself the Great General, Da Dan Yu, and the King of Three Qin, and prepared to return to Guanzhong. But at this moment, Shi Hu descended to poison Ma Qiu and killEdun Hong, and Gong Hong's son Jian Jian killed Ma Qiu and became the leader.
After succeeding to the throne, Jian Jian obeyed his father's will and went west to Guanzhong to seek development. At that time, Du Hong, the Jingzhao man, occupied Chang'an, and Jian Jian showed weakness to the enemy and repaired the palace room at Fangtou to show that he had no intention of moving west. Subsequently, taking advantage of Du Hong's unguardedness, Jian Jian led his troops to build a pontoon bridge to cross the river and move west.
Jian Jian ordered his younger brother Gong Xiong to go straight to Tong Guan as a forward, and then ordered his nephew Zhi Jing to enter Hedong and personally lead a large army to accompany Gong Xiong. Du Hong was defeated, the two lines were defeated, the defenders everywhere looked down, and Jian Jian marched to capture Chang'an.
Jian Jian then proclaimed himself The King of Heaven and Da Dan Yu, and set up a hundred officials, with Chang'an as the capital.
In 352 AD, Jian Jian was called emperor, the state name was Qin, and the history was called Former Qin. Empress Dowager Jian first eliminated the separatist forces in the Guanzhong region and took control of the Guanlong region. Then, in 354 AD, the Eastern Jin general Huan Wen led a large army of 40,000 to carry out the first Northern Expedition, and Jian Jian finally defeated the Jin army that was poor in grain transportation with the policy of clearing the wilderness.
After eliminating external military interference, Jian Jian implemented a series of policies to stabilize the regime and develop national strength, and agreed with the people on three chapters of the law, lightly dispensed with thin endowments, cared about political affairs, and advocated Confucianism. Former Qin gradually recovered from its withering.
In 355 AD, Jian Jian fell ill and died, and his third son, Zhi Sheng, succeeded to the throne. Because of his absurdity and unscrupulousness, he was killed by Gong Xiong's son and cousin Gong Jian, who established himself as emperor.
Jian Jian reused Wang Meng, Lü Polou, Qiang Wang, Liang Pinglao, and other outstanding talents, strengthened the centralization of power, cracked down on powerful forces, persuaded peasants to take lessons, rested with the people, and set up schools, so that the Former Qin regime quickly became strong, and the politics were clear and economically developed.
Subsequently, Jian Jian began his war to unify the north.