Confucius had a student named Sima Niu, and once Sima Niu lamented, "Everyone has brothers, and I die alone." "Dead" is the same as "none", without the meaning. Sima Niu said: Everyone else has brothers, but I don't.
Sima Niu , a native of the Song Dynasty , was a son of the people. Confucius's ancestors were also Song people, with the surname of Zi. Sima Niu is the "son" surname "Sima "; Confucius is the "son" surname "Kong" surname. Sima Niu actually had an older brother named Huan Lu.com. Huan Yu (桓魋), a descendant of the Duke Huan of Song, served as Sima of the State of Song during the Reign of Duke Jing of Song.
Confucius traveled around the world to the Song Dynasty. Song Jinggong and Confucius have the same surname, confucius is also known as the princes, so Huan Yu is very afraid that Song Jinggong will reuse Confucius and damage his power when he sees Confucius. Therefore, Huan Yu made a rumor in front of Song Jinggong, saying that Confucius was a high-ranking official in Lu, but he wanted to abandon his parents' state and travel around the world, which was obviously ambitious. Although Song Jinggong favored Huan Lu, he did not think much of Huan Lu's words this time, and wanted to listen to Confucius's political ideas, hoping to make the Song kingdom stronger because of this. Huan Yu objected to the ineffectiveness, so he took someone to kill Confucius.
The "History of Confucius's Family" records, "Confucius went to Cao Shi Song and studied with his disciples under the big tree. Sima Huan of Song wanted to kill Confucius and uproot his tree. Confucius went. Confucius and his disciples practiced ritual music under a big tree outside the city, and Huan Lu led people to kill. Huan Yu wanted to kill Confucius, so he uprooted the big tree where Confucius and his disciples were performing. So the disciples suggested one after another, "You can do it quickly." "It means: Teacher, we have to run quickly." But Confucius did not flee, but said, "Born to be virtuous, what is it like to give?" "Heaven has given me such a virtue, what can Huan Lu do to me?"
Huan Lu later became more and more powerful, slowly pampering and endangering the office, even Song Jinggong did not pay attention to it, and there were many things that happened between the two people of the junchen. For example, Song Jinggong once asked Huan Lu to take the pearl of The Guardian Uncle's disease, "Song Gong asked for the pearl, but the song did not cooperate with it, and it was an offense." Presumably, the Pearl of Uncle Tai's Disease was a treasure, and Huan Yu refused to offer it, so he offended Song Jinggong. Huan Lu once proposed, "Please use the saddle to make it easy to thin", that is, to exchange your own sealed saddle for thin land. Huan Yu wanted to make trouble while changing fiefs. But Song Jinggong refused, saying "Bo, ZongYi also." "Bo" means "Bo", the place where Shang Tang once built the capital, is the place where the Zongmiao Temple is located, so it is said to be "Zongyi". Song Jinggong, such a heavy place, was certainly not willing to give Huan Lu. Although the Song Jinggong "Naiyi AnQiyi", that is, he also gave Huan Yu Seven Yi to expand the territory of The Saddle.
Huan Yu's heart of rebellion had been determined, and he asked for a feast to enjoy Jing Gong, set the time, and send a soldier to ambush him. Jing Gong actually knew everything, so he dispatched his division to attack Huan Lu. Huan Lu was not willing to show weakness and wanted to attack Song Jinggong. Huan Lu not only had one younger brother, but also two younger brothers. The other two younger brothers both advised Huan Lu not to serve the monarch and to attack the office, and he would definitely be resented by the people of the country, which was his own death. Huan Yu hesitated and fled the Song State to the Wei State.
Huan's brother asked Chao for his guilt to Song Jinggong and fled to the State of Lu. At this time, Sima Niu, as Huan's younger brother, could not stay in the Song Kingdom and fled to the State of Qi. It is worth noting that Sima Niu later returned the fief given by the State of Qi when Huan Yu fled to the State of Qi and fled to the State of Wu, because he did not want to live with his rebellious brother Huan Lu.
Although Sima Niu and Huan Yu were brothers, they were very different. Therefore, when he said, "Everyone has brothers, and I die alone," Xia Xia, another student of Confucius and a classmate of Sima Niu, comforted him and said, "There is life in death, and wealth is in heaven." A gentleman is respectful and respectful, and courteous to others. Within the four seas, all brothers are also - why should a gentleman suffer from no brothers? "Zixia means that the rebellion of Huan Yu led to the decline of the family, which is providence. And Sima Niu does not have to be in the mood to wander, but to be a gentleman down-to-earth. Do things with a serious attitude and take them seriously, so that you can avoid mistakes and treat others with respect and courtesy. If this is done, the gentlemen of the world are all people who are like-minded with themselves, like brothers, so why worry about not having brothers?
The "brothers" that Sima Niu and Zixia refer to do do not refer to brothers who are connected by blood. If it is said that the bloodline brothers, in addition to Huan Lu, Sima Niu also has Xiang Chao as a brother, Zi Qi, and Zi Che as a brother, it cannot be said that there are no brothers. The "brother" mentioned here refers to people who are like-minded with themselves.
"If you fall to the ground as a brother, why should you be close to each other?" Tao Yuanming's poems are further commentaries.