Introduction: During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, there was a small town in Jiangnan, where a large number of barbarians were once inhabited, belonging to the indigenous people of the south, known as "Wuxi Barbarians". Among the descendants of Wuxi Man was a poor teenager who had a domineering name, Chen Baxian. In his leisure time, Chen Baxian liked to dabble in historical books, read military books, and practice martial arts. Soon, Chen Baxian came to the capital Jiankang to manage the oil depot, and because of his cleverness, he was promoted to the position of liang dynasty royal family member, Xiao Ying of Xinyu. Xiao Ying was transferred to the history of the Guangzhou Assassins, and Chen Baxian was ordered to "recruit soldiers and horses" and become an official in charge of the army, which was an important turning point in Chen Baxian's fate. Hou Jing's rebellion caused the entire southern clan to suffer a catastrophe, and it was in this context that Chen Baxian grasped the military command of Lingnan, and his military talent also had the opportunity to be displayed.
Nanjing Xuanwu Lake
Every june, the long rainy season in the south came, more than 1,500 years ago, it was also in such a rainy season, 100,000 Northern Qi troops approached the city, and the capital of the Southern Dynasty Liang State was in danger.
The plum rain in Jiangnan covered the sky and the sun, and the officers and men of the Qi army were all northerners, not adapted to the rainy weather in the south, and after a long time of unable to attack, morale began to decline, and Chen Ba's first to wait for this moment.
On June 11, the weather turned clear and the time for a decisive battle came.
Chen Baxian hoped that the soldiers could have a full meal, but in Jiankang City, which had been besieged for several months, there was a shortage of grain and grass, and at this moment, Chen Baxian's nephew Chen Xuan sent three thousand rice and a thousand ducks in time. Chen Baxian was overjoyed, and immediately ordered someone to cook rice and cook duck, and then cut many lotus leaves from Xuanwu Lake, wrapped rice with lotus leaves, and served with a few pieces of fragrant duck meat. This is the origin of the famous lotus leaf rice in Nanjing.
The soldiers feasted, ate happily, and their morale was greatly boosted, annihilating the main force of the Qi army in one fell swoop. The Qi army retreated to the north of the river, and only 20,000 or 30,000 people and horses were left. Northern Qi declined and lost the strength to invade the south. Chen Baxian finally defeated his most powerful opponent.
The clans are full of water and water
After Chen Baxian drove the Northern Qi forces south of the Yangtze River, his exploits had surpassed Xiao Daocheng and Xiao Yan, and Xiao Liang's regime naturally had to be transferred to him. He laid down the Jiangshan and was ready to sit on the Jiangshan. In the first year of Chen Yongding (557), the fifty-four-year-old Chen Baxian forced Xiao Fangzhi to cede the throne to himself, and established the Chen Dynasty, with the capital Jiankang as Emperor Chenwu. Since then, the Han people have fully ascended to the throne.
When he was young, Chen Baxian left his hometown, and more than thirty years later, this son of Hanmen ascended the throne and became emperor, embarking on the highest peak of his life. After becoming the monarch of a country, Emperor Chen Wu still maintained the true color of the cold door, and even put forward the concept of "staying incorruptible" to administer the political state, highlighting the political demands and political propositions of the Hanmen Shu class, which was in stark contrast to the southern dynasty clan's pursuit of extravagance and extravagance.
As the founding prince of the country, Emperor Chen Wu was tenacious in his will and simple in style. During his reign, he changed the luxury in the palace, took the lead in setting an example, led by example, advocated the style of frugality and morality, and opposed extravagance and waste. Emperor Wu of Chen "took the frugality of self-esteem, the regular meal was not more than a few products, the private feast, the clay mussel plate, the dish was shameful, the order was sufficient, and it was not a waste." Even after the economic recovery of Jiangnan, the palace still "did not have heavy clothes, no gold cui, and the song bell and female music were not listed first."
Chen Baxian, known as Emperor Zuoxian of Jiangsu
Emperor Chenwu's highly civilian style of life affected the entire social atmosphere and the official atmosphere. Under his influence, the Chen Dynasty was politically clear in its early years, and most of the officials were honest and law-abiding. San'in Kong Washigari Jinling too punctual, did not accept the clothes and quilts given by the rich, and left a famous saying: "Too shou is living in Meilu, why can't you do this?" But the people are not well informed, and they are not allowed to enjoy food and clothing alone. "The people can't bear to enjoy food and clothing alone" before they have a week, which is a typical Han civilian politician's feeling. During that period, the Chen Dynasty was up and down, for the sake of the government, the people's strength was restored, and the mountains and rivers that were once broken in Jiangnan began to emerge.
Chen Baxian, who was later known as Emperor Jiang Zuoxian, was not called emperor when the four sides were pacified and the eight-sided ode was sung, when the entire southern regime was in danger, and the political turmoil made the rich Jiangnan once ruined. History chose Chen Baxian, who was born in the Han ethnic group, who grew from a village official to a general, was ordered to be in danger, armed in hopeless time, and finally added a yellow robe to clean up the broken mountains and rivers, so that Jiangnan was protected from more brutal wars, and at the same time, he almost single-handedly protected the Zhengshuo culture of southern China.
If the situation continues like this, it is possible for the Chen Dynasty to become stronger on the basis of laying down its bow and arrow and concentrating on accumulating national strength. However, history has always been changed by countless accidental events. In June of the third year of Yongding (559), Emperor Wu of Chen, who had reigned for only twenty-one months, died suddenly in Jiankang City.
Chen Wu Emperor Wan'an Mausoleum Stone Beast
There is a theory that Emperor Wu of Chen was buried at Wan'an Mausoleum in present-day Jiangning District, Nanjing. In the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, Wan'an Tomb is even a spot unfamiliar to even locals, leaving only two lone stone beasts here, and the dynasty created by Emperor Chen Wu has long been a cloud of the past. However, more than 1,500 years ago, the Chen Dynasty, which had the smallest territory and weakest national strength in the history of the Southern Dynasty, stubbornly guarded the most economically and culturally prosperous regions in China, leaving a very rich legacy for the unification of the Sui and Tang Dynasties.
The jiangshan that Chen Ba laid first was in ruins to be rebuilt. Less than two years after he ascended the throne, he died of ambition, leaving endless regrets. Since Chen Baxian's son was not around, he was succeeded by his nephew Chen Xuan as Emperor Wen of Chen.
Emperor Wen of Chen was one of the few accomplished kings of the Southern Dynasty, who had followed Emperor Wu in his southern conquests and was full of anxiety about the future of the dynasty. During his reign, he successively quelled the rebellions of Wang Lin of Xiangyin, Zhou Di of Linchuan, and Chen Baoying of Jian'an, and then blockaded Baqiu and prevented Northern Zhou from advancing eastward. At the same time, he straightened out the administration of officials, paid attention to nongsang, and built water conservancy. During the reign of Emperor Wen of Chen, the Chen Dynasty was politically clear,the social economy developed to a certain extent, and the national power began to grow stronger.
Map of the situation in the early days of the Chen Dynasty
With the stability and strength of the Chen Dynasty, Northern Zhou began to reconcile with the Chen Dynasty, and the Chen Dynasty sent the emissary Zhou Hongzheng Shangshu to Chang'an to welcome back Emperor Wen of Chen's younger brother Chen Yan, who later became Emperor Xuan of Chen. Years of imprisonment experience, so that Chen Hao has a deep pain about the destruction of the country and the death of the family, after ascending the throne, Chen Xuandi, who was full of a sense of crisis and mission for the rise and fall of the dynasty, decided to go north and expand the territory.
Judging from the strategic situation, the north of the Huainan River, which the Southern Dynasty had occupied for a long time, was plundered by Northern Qi, while Jingzhou and Bashu in the southwest of the Chen Dynasty were captured by Northern Zhou. The lack of strategic depth became the biggest weakness of the Chen Dynasty's national defense.
In the fifth year of Taijian (573), chen dynasty's 100,000 troops crossed the Yangtze River to conquer Northern Qi. The Northern Expeditionary Army swept away and recaptured a large area of Huainan with almost no decent resistance. However, when the situation was good, Emperor Xuan of Chen suddenly ordered his troops to stop the Northern Expedition.
Map of the situation after Northern Zhou destroyed Northern Qi
Emperor Xuan of Chen did not take advantage of the victory, on the one hand, because the Chen Dynasty was weak at that time, and the Northern Expedition overdrawn the dynasty that had just regained its vitality; on the other hand, while northern Qi and chen dynasty were holding each other back, Northern Zhou began an ice-breaking journey and annihilated Northern Qi, which had been crushed by the Chen dynasty's army. In the ninth year of Taijian (577, the sixth year of Northern Zhou Jiande), Northern Zhou unified the north.
The reunification of the north has completely changed the situation between the north and the south, and the situation that was originally standing on its own feet no longer exists. The unification of the north by Northern Zhou made the Chen Dynasty face a more powerful opponent, and the Chen Dynasty, which had already exhausted its national strength in the First Northern Expedition, was not willing to sit by and watch the northern growing, and Emperor Xuan of Chen, who failed to judge the situation, launched the Second Northern Expedition at this time. Only this time, Emperor Xuan of Chen suffered a major blow, and the Battle of Xuzhou almost completely destroyed the Chen army.
Professor Hu Axiang of the Department of History of Nanjing University
At that time, the north was better than the south in terms of population, economic size and army combat effectiveness, and in the era of cold weapons combat, natural conditions were very important. In terms of terrain, the north is high and the south is low, and the northern expedition in the south often has to take the waterway, and the water flows from the north to the south, and the waterway has to go up against the water. If the north holds the water inlet, the water will be gone, and the ships in the south will not be able to go up, so it is difficult for the northern expedition in the south to overcome the constraints of the natural environment.
Chen Hou also had to hold Zhang Lihua when he came to the government
In the fourteenth year of Taijian (582), Emperor Xuan of Chen, who was full of anxiety and ambition to sweep away the four seas and swallow up the eight wildernesses, after repeatedly exhorting his descendants to "succeed in being thrifty and frugal and defeated by luxury", he gave up and went west. Twenty-five years after the establishment of the Chen Dynasty, it passed into the hands of Chen Shubao, who was the famous Lord of Chen Hou. Chen Shubao is not like his father Chen Hao, in the midst of ups and downs, "knowing the burden of the Zongzong Temple, the difficulty of knowing the king's business". Wei Zheng of the Tang Dynasty said that Lord Chen Hou was "born in the deep palace, grew up in the hands of women, and did not know that it was difficult to harvest", which was generally good.
In the city of Jiankang, where this river flows, Chen Shubao, who is the emperor, is even more elegant and good at literature, and is especially good at palace poetry. The themes of the palace poems are mostly the singing wind and the moon, the erotic and evil, and the style is frivolous and delicate. When Chen Shubao was the crown prince, a large number of literati gathered in the Eastern Palace, and they formed a literary group with a considerable scale. He had a total of ten people under him, including Chen Xuan, Kong Fan, Jiang Zong, and Wang Zhen, who did not obey etiquette and acted wantonly, known as the "Ten Foxes".
In the eighth year of the Reign of The Sui Dynasty (Chen Zhenming II, 588), the Sui Dynasty's Eight Roads Army simultaneously attacked the Southern Dynasty from the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. When the soldiers suppressed the territory, Lord Chen Hou still drank and sang, thinking that he could rely on the natural dangers of the Yangtze River to keep the enemy out of the country.
Rouge Well At the time of Chen's death, Chen Hou lord and his concubines hid
However, where is the Tiger Dragon Pan? The rolling Yangtze River could not stop the iron hooves of the Sui army after all, the whitewash taiping could not hide the weak nature, and the artificial prosperity could not save the fate of the country. Chen Hou's pink dream finally withered in the charming Jiangnan without any great armageddon.