Crow: Is a common name for several species of black birds in the genus Cyperaceae. Also called the old bird, the mouth likes to chirp. It is the largest bird in the order Passeriformes, with a body length of about 50 cm. The whole body or most of the feathers are dark black, hence the name. The plumage is mostly black or black and white , with a long beak , some with distinct white collars , black feathers with a purple-blue metallic luster ; wings longer than tails ; and pure black beaks , legs and feet. The nostrils are about 1/3 of the length of the mouth from the forehead, and the nasal whiskers are hard and straight, reaching the middle of the mouth.
It mainly inhabits various forest types such as low mountains, plains and montane broad-leaved forests, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, coniferous forests, secondary mixed wood forests, and plantations, especially in sparse forests and forest margins. Mostly resident birds. Strong clustering, a group of up to tens of thousands. Living in groups in woods or fields, they are forest and grassland birds, mostly nesting in trees. It is mainly foraging on the ground and has a steady gait. With the exception of a few species, they often nest in groups and wander in mixed groups in autumn and winter. Complex behavior, strong intellectual and social activity. The sound is simple and rough. He is generally fierce and aggressive, and often preys on eggs and chicks in the nests of waterfowl and waders. Omnivorous, eating grains, berries, insects, carrion and eggs from other birds. Many species prefer to eat carrion. It is found almost all over the world.
The crow is a common name for about 25 species of black birds in the family Finches. More than 20 of the 41 species of Corvus are called "Crows", a name that is widely borrowed. All crows have an average body length of about 50 cm, most of the body feathers are black or black and white, the black feathers have a purple-blue metallic luster; the wings are far longer than the tail; the mouth, legs and feet are pure black; the nostrils are about 1/3 of the length of the mouth from the forehead, and the nasal whiskers are hard and straight, reaching the middle of the mouth. Common crows are the Short-billed Crow of North America and the Small-billed Crow of Eurasia. It is also found in the feathered crow in the northern British Isles. The feathers are black with a metallic sheen, and the crested crows are gray. Other species, such as the house crow, are found in India to Malaysia (which has been introduced to eastern Africa); the African white-necked crow in tropical Africa with a white neck and chest; and the fish crow in southeastern and central North America. The raven is the largest of the crows, with a body length of about 60 cm, a black body, most of the body feathers, as well as wings and tail feathers have blue-purple or blue-green metallic flashes, and the mouth is very thick.
In China, bald-nosed crows, Dauri jackdaws, and large-billed crows are more common. The bald-nosed crow is black throughout, with no feathers on the back of the base of its mouth, revealing grayish-white skin. The white-necked crow has black body feathers with distinct, white collars. Jackdaws are small crows with a white thorax and a white collar, and the rest of the body is black. The large-billed crow is large, with a stout beak and black throughout. Bald-nosed crows, jackdaws, and large-billed crows are the main mixed wintering birds in eastern and northern China.
Officers and men of the Tumuxiuke Border Police Station in Wensu County, Xinjiang, China, found a white crow during a patrol in Tumuxiuke Village in Tumuxiuke Township, Xinjiang. At that time, there were more than a hundred crows in a group, but there was only a white crow mixed in, which was a kind of albino crow. The Bangai crow is a crow that is considered endangered, and in 1900 the scientific community could only learn about it by studying 2 of its specimens. Now the crow is reappearing on the remote, mountainous Indonesian islands.
It inhabits various forest types such as low mountains, plains and montane broad-leaved forests, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, coniferous forests, secondary mixed forests, and plantations, especially in sparse forests and forest margins. It prefers to move along forest roads, cliffs, river valleys, coasts, farmland, swamps and meadows, and sometimes even in hilltop scrub and alpine tundra. However, in winter, it often descends to low hills and foothill plains, often moving near human settlements such as farmland and villages, and sometimes in and out of town parks and urban trees.
Crows like to roost and have strong herding, with a group of up to tens of thousands. Gregarious in woods or fields, forest steppe birds, mainly feeding on the ground, with a steady gait. With the exception of a few species, they often nest in groups and wander in mixed groups in autumn and winter. Complex behavior, strong intellectual and social activity. The sound is simple and rough. He is generally fierce and aggressive, and often preys on eggs and chicks in the nests of waterfowl and waders. Some caged crows for fun can "talk", and some lab-raised crows can learn to count to 3s or 4s and find marked food in boxes.
Omnivorous, eating grains, berries, insects, carrion and eggs from other birds. Many species prefer to eat carrion and are harmful to seedlings and grains. However, during the breeding period, it mainly feeds on small vertebrates, locusts, moths, golden turtle shells and moth larvae, which is beneficial to farmers. In addition, because it likes to eat carrion and peck at agricultural garbage, it can eliminate the pollution of the environment such as animal carcasses and play a role in purifying the environment.
Intellectually superior
Louis Leffield Böll, an expert in animal behavior at McGill University in Montreal, Canada, conducts an IQ test on birds to determine the IQ of various birds. According to research: crows are animals with first-rate IQs outside of humans, and their comprehensive intelligence is roughly equivalent to that of domestic dogs. This requires crows to have much more complex brain cell structures than domestic dogs. Crows are unique animal kingdoms outside of humans with the ability to use and even make tools to achieve their goals, with the help of stones to smash nuts, they can also accurately determine the location and volume of the desired food according to the shape of the container, the story of "the crow drinks water" reflects the cleverness of its thinking.
Among crows, the highest IQ is the Japanese subspecies of the large-billed crow. At an intersection near a university in Japan, there are often crows waiting for the arrival of the red light. When the red light came on, the crow flew to the ground and put the walnut under the tires of the car parked on the road. When the traffic lights turned green, the car crushed the walnuts, and the crows flew to the ground again for a good meal.
Crows can accomplish many complex moves, such as their habit of dividing large pieces of butter or mutton fat that they cannot carry on a single flight into small pieces for easy carrying; they can use their mouths to pinpoint pieces of biscuits together after finding scattered biscuits, and then take them away at once; if they see two bagels on the ground, they can find a way to deal with them once, leaving no chance for other birds; in order to mislead predators, they will create a fake place to store food. But many of the above relatively complex behaviors do not mean that the crow subconsciously has a human-like reasoning ability, can plan two behaviors, and then choose one of the better.
Logic
It wasn't until the 1990s that a carefully designed scientific experiment that finally demonstrated the crow's ability to reason logically was published in an experiment published in 1943 by Otto Koehler, then a staff member of the Institute of Zoology in Königsberg, Germany. Koehler's experiment revealed that through training, his 10-year-old pet crow Jacob could count to 7. His training method was to have Jacob retrieve food from under one of several containers, each with a different number of dots marked on the lid. They can use logical reasoning to solve problems. Crows are able to distinguish between different individuals, which is very similar to the ability of humans to distinguish.
Crows possess some kind of wisdom to guide their actions. Experiments with rope pulling suggest that crows use logical reasoning; stealing and anti-theft tactics show that crows judge competitors' behavior based on their actual situation—whether they see their food buried. They then synthesize all the information and decide which strategy to bury and retrieve the food should be adopted.
Numerous experiments by various behavioral biologists have shown that crows can count to 7. This is enough to confirm the intelligence of this bird. Scientists at the University of Oxford reported in the January 13, 2005 issue of the journal Nature that they had fed four young new Scottish crows in a birdcage. When the crows grew up, they put them in the zoo's large aviary. There were many small branches in the aviary, and some food was hidden in the crevices of the rocks. Scientists demonstrated to two of the crows how to use branches to get food from crevices in the rocks, but did not train the other two in a similar "skills." It turns out that trained and untrained crows are skilled at "digging" food through crevices in rocks after simple processing of small branches.