Pomegranate trees in the management process is inevitably harmed by insect pests, some common insect pests are easy to control, but turtle wax beetle, leopard beetle moth, river beetle these three major pests are difficult to control, and endanger pomegranate production is the most serious pest. So how to prevent it? Grasp the time and law of onset, or very good prevention and control, the following Sichuan farmers are detailed in detail the characteristics of the three major insects, the law of incidence and prevention and control measures.
Pomegranate garden turtle wax bug hazard symptoms
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > first, pomegranate garden turtle wax</h1> bug
Pomegranate garden turtle wax bug alias Japanese turtle wax lizard, turtle shell bug, tree lice, etc., belongs to the order Homoptera, wax bug family.
【Distribution and Host】
It is extremely widely distributed in China, most of which belong to fruit trees and more than 100 species of plants, and the pomegranate tree is only one of them. In areas where fruit trees are mixed, turtle wax beetles can spread to each other, which also makes it difficult to control thoroughly. Turtle wax bugs reproduce at a fast rate and in large numbers, and begin to feed in March and April. At the same time, its excrement can also induce the occurrence of soot disease, so that the plant is densely covered with black mold, which directly affects photosynthesis and leads to poor plant growth. Therefore, the integrated control of turtle wax bugs is particularly important.
【Harmful】
Nymphs and female adults suck up branches and leaf juice, and excrete honeydew often induce coal pollution, weaken the tree, and die of heavy branches.
【Life Habits】
One generation per year, the fertilized female mainly overwinters on the branches of 1 to 2 years. The next spring, when the host germinates, it begins to be pestized, and the worm body rapidly expands, and when it matures, it lays eggs under the abdomen. Spawning season: mid-May in Nanjing, early to mid-June in Shandong, mid-June in Henan, mid-to-late June in Shanxi. Each female lays more than 1,000 eggs, and the majority is 3,000. The egg stage is 10 to 24 days. Hatching nymphs mostly crawl to young branches, petioles, and leaf surfaces for solid feeding, and the male and female begin to differentiate sexually in early August, the male pupae stage from mid-August to September, the pupal stage from 8 to 20 days, and the feathering period from late August to october. Male adults live for 1 to 5 days, and die after mating, and the females gradually turn from leaves to branches to fix the pest, and overwinter after autumn. It is feasible for parthenogenesis, and the offspring are all males.
【Prevention and control method】
1. Artificial prevention and control. Combine pruning to remove insect branches, or brush away overwintering female adults on the branches. It can also be beaten when the branches freeze in winter, and the ice beetles and insect bodies are shaken off, commonly known as "rain pine". It is also possible to spray water on the branches in the winter, and after the ice has frozen, the strips can be beaten to shake off the ice beetles and insect bodies.
2. Pharmaceutical prevention and treatment. Spray 50 to 60 times the liquid of the oil emulsion after the fall of the leaves of the fruit tree to the germination to prevent and control the overwintering female insects. In June, from the heyday of nymph hatching to the peak of waxing, spray 25% thiazide hydrability powder 1000 times liquid, 40% poisoning emulsion l500 times or 50% spirothiophosphate emulsion, 50% octyl thiophos emulsion or 80% dichlorvos emulsion 1000 times liquid, 25% seat thiophosphate emulsion 1500 to 2000 times liquid, motor oil emulsion 100-150 times liquid, 20% permethrin emulsion 2000 to 3000 times liquid, 2.5% cypermethrin emulsion 3000 times liquid and other 1 to 3 times, to prevent hatching nymphs.
Pomegranate garden leopard-printed beetle moth hazard symptoms
<h1 class = "pgc-h-arrow-right" > two, pomegranate garden leopard print beetle moth</h1>
Leopard-striped silverfish moth, commonly known as the truncated stalk worm, six-star wood beetle moth, belongs to the order Lepidoptera, leopard beetle moth family.
It is distributed in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shaanxi and other provinces. This insect is seriously damaged so that the canopy can not be expanded, and it becomes a small old tree all year round, affecting the yield of pomegranate trees.
【Hazard Symptoms】
There is a moth ring hole between the xylem and phloem at the base of the affected branch, and there is a bottom-up worm path. There are several excretory holes on the branches, and a large amount of oblong oval insect feces is excreted. The upper part of the injured branch becomes yellow and wilted, and it is easy to break in the wind. Larvae moth into 1 to 2 years old branches,
Pomegranate garden leopard-printed silverfish moth adult
【Morphological characteristics】
Adult female moths are 18 to 20 mm long and have a wingspan of 35 to 37 mm, while male moths are 18 to 22 mm long and have a wingspan of 34–36 mm. There are 3 pairs of parallel black-blue spots on the back of the chest, and there are black-blue spots on each segment of the abdomen. The wings are off-white. The forewings are scattered with black-blue spots of varying sizes. Eggs are pale apricot yellow when they are first laid, with dense web markings.
The larvae have a yellowish brown head, black upper jaw and monocular area, purple-red body, brown hairs, a broad dorsal plate on the anterior thorax, 1 pair of cotyledon-shaped black spots, 4 rows of small black spines on the posterior margin, and black hip plate. Mature larvae are 32 to 40 mm long. Pupae, russet. Body length 25 to 28 mm. Two black round spots appear on the sides of each ventral segment during near-feathering.
Leopard-grained wood beetle moths occur in one generation a year. Larvae overwinter in the branches. After the branches germinate in the spring of the following year, they are transferred to the new sperm. After the dead branches wither, they will be transferred again or even multiple times. In early May, the larvae begin to mature, spit silk in the worm passage and block both ends, and bite a hole outward, that is, to perform marriage. In mid-May, the adults begin to feather, and after feathering, half of the pupal shell is exposed outside the feather hole and does not fall off for a long time. Adults are diurnal and nocturnal and phototropic.
Spawn at the upper leaves or axillaries of the shoots, scattered or several grains together. In July, the larvae hatch, mostly from the upper part of the new shoots axillary bud frogs, and not far away to open a row of fecal holes, the new shoots are killed within 3 to 5 days of wilting, at this time the larvae crawl out of the dead shoots, and then move down not far away to re-moth into the pest. 1 larvae can be 2 to 3 harmful branches. The larvae overwinter in the branches by mid-to-late October.
1. From April to early June in the spring, when the overwintering larvae turn into pests and pupate periods, they often patrol the orchard, and find that the shoots and shoots are dead or the forest is dead, that is, the insects are harmed, and the damaged branches are cut off with high-powered shears and burned in a concentrated manner, this work must be completed before the beginning of June, which is the focus of prevention and control throughout the year.
In February and September, when the small larvae were in full bloom, they still used branch pruning to cut off the affected branches and burn them intensively to reduce the base of insect sources.
3. Pharmaceutical prevention and treatment. Adult spawning and egg incubation period, spraying 80% dichlorvos emulsion 100 times liquid, etc.
Characteristics of the pomegranate velvet
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > three, pomegranate velvet</h1>
Pomegranate velvet beetle is also known as durian mealybug. The damaged branches are thin and yellow, the tree is weak, it is very easy to breed coal pollution, and the seriously damaged tree will die in its entirety.
The female is 2.7 mm long. The body is oblong-oval. Most of the living insects are dark purple or purple-red. Old mature adults are wrapped in white felt-shaped wax sacs the size of rice grains.
In the Zaozhuang production area of Shandong Province, 3-4 generations occur in one year, and the last nymph overwinters in the cracks, bud scales and old skin of the 2-3 years old branch cortex, and stings in early to mid-April of the following year, sucking on young buds and young leaf juice, and then transferring to the surface of the branches. Adults mate in early May, and each generation of nymphs hatches from late May to early June, in mid-July, and from late August to early September. The nymphs begin to overwinter in early October. The insect is mainly transmitted over long distances through seedlings and cuttings.
Pomegranate velvet bug hazard symptoms
1. Agricultural prevention and control. Seedlings and cuttings should be strictly disinfected and insecticidal, and disinfected insecticidal drugs should be treated with pre-germination.
2. Pharmaceutical prevention and treatment. Before the germination in early to mid-April, the whole tree is evenly sprayed with 3 to 5 baumedo stone sulfur compounds, and each generation of nymphs is sprayed with 40% chlorpyrifos emulsion 1500 times liquid, or 2.5% high-efficiency cypermethrin emulsion 2000 to 3000 times liquid.
Summary: The above is a serious pest that harms the production of pomegranate trees, which should be paid attention to and prevented in the early stage of insect incubation. Of course, other pests and diseases of pomegranate trees should also be prepared at the same time, do not lose watermelon and pick sesame seeds. Any fruit tree focuses on management, one species, nine divisions, with early prevention as the mainstay and comprehensive prevention as the supplement. This year a certain pest appeared at a certain time, next year appeared almost the same time, the experience is accumulated over time, the longer the time I believe you will also become a planting expert.