After Tai Peng's death, his son Zhongding succeeded to the throne, began the journey of moving the capital of the Shang Dynasty, and raised troops to enlist Lanyi; after Zhongding's death, the Shang Dynasty began a century-long rebellion of the Ninth Dynasty, and the internal strife of the Shang Dynasty was continuous, the capital was repeatedly moved, the princes defected, and at the same time, they fought with foreign countries for many years, and the Shang Dynasty declined. However, in the Rebellion of the Ninth Dynasty, there was still a powerful emperor Zu Yi, which enabled the Shang Dynasty to briefly prosper.
After Tai Peng's death, his son Zhongding succeeded to the throne. Zhongding is also called Zhongding.
In the first year of Zhongding's reign, due to the bursting of the Yellow River, the capital was moved from Bodu to Huan, also known as Falcon. It is located in the northwest of present-day Zhengzhou City, Henan Province.
In the seventh year of Zhongding's reign, the Lanyi tribe located in the southeast of the Shang Dynasty invaded the Shang Dynasty's ruled area, and Zhongding led an army to conquest and defeat Lanyi.
Zhongding died in the ninth year, and was succeeded by his brother Wai Nong.
After Zhongding's death, his brother WaiRen seized the throne and began the century-long "Ninth Dynasty Rebellion" of the Shang Dynasty, which faced internal and external difficulties: internally, the throne was constantly in dispute, floods were constant, the Shang Dynasty repeatedly moved the capital, and the princes defected; externally, there were wars with the Yi people in the east and the Rong people in the west. The Shang Dynasty began to decline.
Map of the central area of the Shang Dynasty
Historical Records:
"Bamboo Book Chronicle": Zhongding, Mingzhuang. In the first year of the year, the king took the throne, and he moved from his own to the river. Six years, conquest of Lanyi. Nine years, Shi. "History of Yin Benji": Zhongzong Beng, Zidi Zhongdingli. Emperor Ding moved to Falcon.
The Ninth Dynasty Rebellion of the Shang Dynasty refers to the continuous struggle for the throne caused by the chaos of the succession system of the throne during the reign of the nine generations of Shang kings, Zhongding, Wairen, Heqijia, Zuyi, Zuxin, Wojia, Zuding, Nangeng, and Yangjia, due to the chaos of the succession system, and the repeated relocation of the capital caused by the flooding of the Yellow River, and the external wars with Dongyi and Xirong, resulting in the situation of the princes not being in the dynasty and the Decline of the Shang Dynasty, which lasted for about a hundred years. This incident did not end until after Pan Geng moved the capital and the Shang Dynasty Zhongxing.
Wai Nong
After Zhongding's death, his brother Wairen succeeded to the throne. WaiRen is called BuRen in the Oracle Bone Bu Ci.
In the first year of the Outer Dynasty, two of the more intimate princely states of the Shang Dynasty, the State of Pi and the State of Xia, rebelled. The ancestor of the State of Pi was Che Zheng Xizhong of the Xia Yu Period, and a descendant of Zhongyu, one of the ministers of the Shang Tang Dynasty; the State of Pi was developed from the Youxin clan, and the concubines of the Shang Tang were the daughters of the chiefs of the State of Youxin, and Yi Yin also came to the State of Shang from the State of Youxin as a dowry slave.
In terms of relationship, the ancestors of the State of Pi and the State of Pi were the left and right ministers of the Shang Tang Dynasty, and the relationship with the Shang Dynasty should be relatively close, but after the decline of the Shang Dynasty, during the reign of Zhongren, they all defected from the rule of the Shang Dynasty.
During the reign of Wai Ren, he was unable to resolve the rebellion of the State of Pi and the State of Pi. The final solution to the rebellion between the two countries was his younger brother He Qijia.
WaiRen reigned for ten years and collapsed (15 years), and his brother He Qijia succeeded to the throne.
"Bamboo Book Chronicle": Wai Nong, Mingfa. In the first year of Gengjiao, the king took the throne and lived in a hustle. Pi people, the people of Pi rebelled. Ten years, Shih. "History of Yin Benji": Emperor Zhongding Beng, brother Wai Nong Li, is for Emperor Wai Ren. The Zhongshu que does not have.
Kawako
He(dǎn) jia, zhongding and wairen were both sons of Tai Peng.
In the first year of the River Dynasty, the capital was moved from Huan to Xiang. It was located in Neihuang County, Anyang City, Henan Province. The reason for moving the capital was to alleviate the contradictions within the Shang Dynasty over the throne, while avoiding the rebellion of the Pi and The Wei kingdoms.
In the third year of Heqiangjia, Peng Bo, the leader of the princely state of Dapengguo, who was close to the Shang Dynasty, led an army to help the Shang Dynasty quell the rebellion of the State of Pi, and the State of Pi returned to the Shang Dynasty. It is said that Dapeng Guo was a descendant of Peng Zu, and during the Xia Qi, the leader of the Great Peng State, Peng Boshou, led an army to help Xia Qi quell the Wuguan Rebellion. The legendary Peng Zushou 800 years is actually the number of years of existence of the Great Peng State, which was destroyed by the Shang during the reign of Wu Ding later.
In the fourth year of Heqijia, after Zhongding, the Shang Dynasty once again sent troops to conquest Lanyi.
For five years, the Kingdom of He and the Ban side formed an alliance. He Qijia ordered Peng Bo, the chief of the Great Peng State, and Wei Bo, the chief of the Wei State, to lead an army to conquer the Ban Fang, defeat and submit to the Ban Fang. After the State of Yao had no more foreign aid, it had to surrender in the face of a large army, and re-submitted to the Shang Dynasty and paid tribute.
He Qijia collapsed after reigning for nine years, and his son Zu Yi succeeded to the throne.
In terms of merit, He Qijia was stronger than his predecessor WaiRen, who resolved the rebellion within the Shang Dynasty and at the same time conquered the Eastern Yi clan, alleviating the contradictions of the Shang Dynasty to a certain extent, stabilizing the rule of the Shang Dynasty, and laying the foundation for his son Zu Yi Zhongxing.
"Bamboo Book Chronicle": River Jia Jia, named whole. In the first year of Gengshen, the king took the throne and moved to Xiang. Three years, Pembock Pi. Four years, conquest of Lanyi. For five years, the prostitutes joined the class. Pember, Weber Vabanfang, guests. Nine years, Shi. "History of Yin Benji": River QiJia Juxiang. "History of Yin Benji": Emperor Wai Nong, Di He Jia Li, is the Emperor River Qi Jia. When the river was in the armour, Yin fu declined.
Zu Yi ZTE
In the first year of Zu Yi's reign, he moved the capital from Xiang to Geng. Geng was in present-day Hejin, Yuncheng, Shanxi Province. The reason for the relocation of the capital was due to living in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, which flooded for many years, affecting agricultural production and Shang Dynasty rule.
Zu Yi
In the second year of Zu Yi, Geng was washed away by the flooding of the Yellow River and moved the capital to Xing. Xing is now the city of Xingtai in Hebei Province. In the process of moving the capital, some shang dynasty nobles did not want to migrate again, so they settled in Geng. Zu Yi divided his brother Zu Bing to Geng and established the state of Geng. Zu Bing is also considered to be the ancestor of the Geng surname.
Zu Yi appointed Wu Xian as a secretary of state for three years, equivalent to a chancellor. Wu Xian was a sage who assisted the Xingshang Dynasty in the Zu Yi Dynasty, and was the son of the Great Wizard Wu Xian of the Tai Peng Dynasty.
In the eighth year of Zu Yi, Xing suffered a flood. So Zu Yi moved the capital to Pi again, sheltering in the north of Yuncheng County, Heze City, Shandong Province. And in Piying built Miyagi Castle, and established the Zongmiao Temple.
Zu Yi died in the nineteenth year and was succeeded by his son Zu Xin. After Zu Yi's death, he was honored as Emperor Zhongzong because of the Zhongxing Shang Dynasty.
An oracle bone excavated from the Yin Ruins dedicated to Zu Yi
During Zu Yi's reign, relying on his father's firm foundation, he appointed the sage Wu Xian, developed the people's livelihood internally, and conquered Dongyi externally, so that the economy of the Shang Dynasty was developed and the Shang Dynasty was revived to a certain extent. In later generations, both Mencius and Yanzi listed Zu Yi and Shang Tang, Tai Jia, Tai Peng, Pan Geng, and Wu Ding as the shang dynasty's promising kings.
An inscription on the Western Zhou bronze "Zu Yi Halo" excavated from Baoji
"Bamboo Book Chronicle": Zu Yi, Ming Teng. In the first year of his reign, the king took the throne, moved himself to Geng, and ordered Peng Bo and Weber. Two years, Yu Geng. Self-imposed migration to Shelter. For three years, he was ordered to be a wuxian priest. Eight years, the city shelter. For fifteen years, he was appointed Marquis Gao Yuan. Nineteen years, Shi. In the life of Zu Yi, the Shang Dao was revived, and the temple was Zhongzong. "History of Yin Benji": Zu Yi moved to Xing. "History of Yin Benji": Heqi Jiabang, Zidi Zu Yili. Emperor Yili, Yin Fuxing. Wu Xian took office. "Mencius Gongsun Ugly Shang": by Tang to Wuding, the Sage of the King of 67. "Yanzi Chunqiu Inner Chapter, Zhishang": Fu Tang, Tai Jia, Wu Ding, Zu Yi, the grand prince of the world.
Zusin
Zu Xin is the son of Zu Yi, and in the Oracle he is called Zhi Xin. After he succeeded to the throne, he remained the capital of Pi. As for his deeds during his reign, there is no mention in the history books.
Zusin died after fourteen years on the throne, and was succeeded by his brother Wojia.
The bronze treasure of the late Shang Dynasty, Zu Xinjian
Bamboo Book Chronicle: Zu Xin, Mingdan. In the first year of the fifth son, the king took the throne and lived in Shelter. Fourteen years, Shi. "History of Yin Benji": Zu Yibeng, Zidi Zu Xinli.
Wojia
Wo Jia, in the oracle bone Bu Ci as Qiang Jia, in the book "Shi Ben" as an open nail. The deeds of Wojia's reign are also not mentioned in the history books.
Wo Jia reigned for five years and collapsed (one says twenty-five years), it is said that he died of illness, and his title was the King, judging from his title, he was a lord who did nothing, ate and waited for death. After his death, he was succeeded by Zuding, the son of his brother Zuxin.
"Bamboo Book Chronicle": Kaijia, named More. In the first year of the year, the king took the throne and lived in Shelter. Five years, Shih. "History of Yin Benji": Di Zu Xin Beng, Di Wo Jia Li, is for Di Wo Jia.
Zudin
Zu Ding, known in oracle bones as Zhi Ding, is the son of Zu Xin, the nephew of Wo Jia, and the father of Pan Geng.
After he succeeded to the throne, he also made Pi the capital. As for his deeds during his reign, the history books do not mention a word.
Zu Ding reigned for nine years and collapsed, and he was given the title of King zhuang of Shangzhuang. After his death, his brother Nan Geng succeeded to the throne.
"Bamboo Book Chronicle": Zu Ding, name Xin. In the first year of Ding Wei, the king took the throne and lived in Pi. Nine years, Shi. "History of Yin Benji": Di Wo Jia Ben, Zu Ding, the son of Li Wo Jia brother Zu Xin, is for Di Zu Ding.
Nan Gung
Errata: The "Chronicle of History" records that Nan Geng was the son of Wo Jia and the cousin of Zu Ding; and according to the Oracle Bone Bu Ci, Nan Geng was the son of Zu Xin and the brother of Zu Ding.
In the first two years of Nan Geng's succession, He took Pi as the capital.
Nan Geng moved the capital from Pi to Amami for three years. It is now Qufu City, Jining City, Shandong Province. The reason for the relocation of the capital was continuous internal strife due to the struggle for the throne, the internal contradictions were sharp, and the national strength of the Shang Dynasty declined again.
Nan Geng died of illness after twenty-eight years on the throne, and his nickname was Shang Qi Wang, and Zhen Was afraid of It, which meant to be cautious and vigilant at all times. After his death, his nephew Yang Jia succeeded to the throne.
Nan GengHewen in the oracle bone, Hewen is a kind of ligature character, which is also common in later bronze inscriptions
Bamboo Book Chronicle: Nan Geng, name change. In the first year of the first year, the king took the throne and lived in Shelter. Three years, moved to Amami. Six years, Shih. "History of Yin Benji": Emperor Zu Dingbeng, the son of Li Di Wojia, Nan Geng, was for Emperor Nan Geng.
Yang Jia
Yang Jia was the son of Zu Ding, the nephew of Nan Geng, and the brother of Pan Geng; it is called Elephant Jia in the Oracle Bone Bu Ci.
During Yang Jia's reign, he still used Yan as the capital.
In the third year of Yang Jia, he sent troops to recruit DanshanRong in the west. DanshanRong was located in present-day Jincheng, Shanxi Province.
Yang Jia reigned for four years and collapsed, and the name shang mourned the king, and died early in the middle of the year. After his death, his brother Pan Geng succeeded to the throne. During Pan Geng's reign, the Shang Dynasty finally established the capital and once again realized ZTE.
According to the history books, during the reign of Yang Jia, the Shang Dynasty declined, and the princes did not dynasty. It is obviously unfair to say that such a situation was caused by Yang Jia alone, this is the result of the accumulation of external troubles since Zhongding after the ninth Shang King, and it is a process of quantitative change to qualitative change.
Bamboo Book Chronicle: Yang Jia, Minghe. In the first year of the year, the king took the throne and lived in the throne. Three years, the western expedition to Danshanrong. Four years, Shih. "History of Yin Benji": Emperor Nan Gengbeng, the son of Emperor Zuding, Yang Jia, was for Emperor Yang Jia. At the time of Diyang Jia, Yin declined. Since the Middle Ding Dynasty, disciples have been abolished and more disciples, disciples or competing for the establishment of the Ninth Dynasty, more chaotic than the Ninth Dynasty, so the princes mo dynasty.