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Liang Shiqiu, formerly known as Liang Zhihua (梁治华), is a famous modern and contemporary Chinese essayist, scholar, literary critic and translator, the first authority in China to study Shakespeare.
He fought with Lu Xun and other left-wing writers, and left more than 20 million words of works in his lifetime to the Chinese literary scene, and his prose collection set the highest record for the publication of modern prose works in China.
He is well-known at home and abroad, but he is never arrogant and complacent.
He is called "a man like a flower" by Bing Xin, because few people are as humorous and elegant as him, and can always write the most ordinary human affairs.
Today, let's take a look at the story of Mr. Liang Shiqiu, the most interesting man in the Republic of China.
In 1903, Liang Shiqiu was born in a wealthy scholarly mendi.
His father, Liang Xianxi, was not only a talent, but also the main talent of the Qing government who was first sent abroad to learn English, and an open-minded progressive at that time.
Under the influence of his father, Liang Shiqiu was interested in English and foreign countries.
In 1923, after graduating from Tsinghua University, Liang Shiqiu went to the United States to study and obtained a master's degree in literature.
In 1927, after Liang Shiqiu returned from studying in China, he and Hu Shi, Xu Zhimo, Wen Yiduo and others founded the Crescent Bookstore, and the following year founded the monthly magazine "New Moon".
Liang Shiqiu in this period was only a newcomer in his twenties in the Chinese literary scene, and many people did not know him.
Later, it gradually became known to everyone, which had to be attributed to the fierce eight-year-long debate between him and Lu Xun.
The starting point of this controversy was in 1927, when Liang Shiqiu published an article in the Shanghai Fudan Journal entitled "Rousseau on the Education of Children", criticizing the views of the French Enlightenment thinker Rousseau.
Liang Shiqiu believes that literature must pursue truth and be loyal to the eternal and unchanging human nature.
At that time, Lu Xun, who particularly admired Rousseau, had just come to Shanghai from Guangzhou and was extremely dissatisfied with Liang Shiqiu's article.
A month later, Lu Xun published an article titled "Rousseau and Appetite," which refuted Liang Shiqiu's views and pointed out that human nature is always changing.
Criticized by the literary leader Lu Xun, Liang Shiqiu did not shy away because he was a newcomer to the literary world, but continued to write articles and debate with Lu Xun with high morale.
Regardless of who is right and who is wrong in the views of Lu Xun and Liang Shiqiu, from this matter alone, we can see Liang Shiqiu's literati style, just like Mencius said, "Mighty cannot be bent."
Later, Liang Shiqiu and Lu Xun broke out into a fierce debate over how to translate foreign literature.
The final controversy has gone from simply arguing about a particular point of view to a great controversy over whether literature has a class character.
At this time, many writers in the literary world began to support Lu Xun and criticize Liang Shiqiu.
A revolutionary author, Feng Naichao, wrote an article called "The Lackey of The Capitalists" to accuse Liang Shiqiu.
Liang Shiqiu was very angry and wrote an article saying that even if he was a lackey of a capitalist, he did not know who the owner was, because no capitalist paid him.
Lu Xun wrote an article in a tit-for-tat manner, "The Lack of Lackeys of Capitalists Who Lost Their Families", saying that Liang Shiqiu was a lackey of all capitalists, and that Liang Shiqiu's writing fees were paid by these capitalists.
A series of sharp words, even if Liang Shiqiu had more scolding skills, in the end, he could only be scolded.
This great controversy ended until Lu Xun's death in 1936.
Many years later, Liang Shiqiu's daughter asked Liang Shiqiu what the big controversy with Mr. Lu Xun was?
Liang Shiqiu said: "The two of us do not have any deep hatred, but we just have different views and understandings of the same issue. ”
After Lu Xun's death, many friends who were close to him before his death suddenly chose to turn their backs and attack him, exposing the ugly side of human nature.
Without contrast, it is impossible to see the human heart.
Later, Liang Shiqiu wrote an article "About Lu Xun", and after reading through the article, we found that Liang Shiqiu could objectively evaluate Lu Xun without any emotions and utilitarian colors.
From this, it can be seen that he is a true gentleman!
When it comes to eating, everyone feels particularly close and cheerful, because eating is a thing that makes people feel happy.
And Liang Shiqiu is an out-and-out "foodie", or a very talented foodie.
For example, he wrote an essay about going to a friend's house to eat pork ribs and radish soup.
In his prose, he wrote vividly that this rib radish soup was so delicious, the ribs were cooked crisply, and when he took a bite of the radish, he gushed out a mouthful of hot, thick, fragrant, and thick soup, and everyone present ate it with great enthusiasm.
Some guests asked curiously, how is this soup made?
The friend who made the soup just smiled and refused to say anything.
A person with a straight heart said that the method is very simple, put more ribs, add less radish and less water, and slowly boil over a small fire.
Later, Liang Shiqiu followed this method and successfully cooked a pot of fragrant pork rib radish soup.
When ordinary foodies see this, they may be full of thoughts about how to make this soup.
But Liang Shiqiu thought that making pork ribs and radish soup has a similar relationship with writing.
To do a good job of rib radish soup, to add less radish and less water, if you want to write a good article, you must also talk less nonsense, and you must have something to say.
Linking how to cook and how to write can also summarize a correct point of view of writing, which I think most people can't do.
This is what Confucius said in the Analects.
As a foodie, Liang Shiqiu also used his literary talent to express his affection for food.
In 2018, Kyushu Publishing House published a collection of food essays by Liang Shiqiu, titled "Just Know How to Eat.".
The title is particularly interesting, like a parent blaming a child who only eats and drinks all day.
In this book, Liang Shiqiu said that he was particularly hungry when he was a child.
In order to save money for snacks sold at a street stall, he and his brother endured a day of not eating at the academy and saved money to buy snacks.
After growing up, leaving his hometown, Liang Shiqiu was even more hungry. Later, on his desk, he actually wrote about his hometown on the tip of his tongue.
Steaming roast lamb, roast duck, pickles from Liubiju, crystal shrimp cakes with special mouth-watering, soup buns, walnut cheese, scrambled eggs, tile fish, sour plum soup in summer, rock sugar gourd in winter, roasted pot chicken in Beijing, fried wontons, bean juice, hibiscus chicken slices, croquettes and so on.
Liang Shiqiu turned this gourmet essay into a menu that made everyone drool.
Mr. Liang Shiqiu has made great contributions to the processing of food through literature and art processing into food culture.
In fact, Liang Shiqiu's talent is not only reflected in writing, but also his translation of Shakespeare's complete works, which is a major contribution to the history of modern literature.
At the age of 27, Liang Shiqiu decided to translate the Complete Works of Shakespeare into Chinese.
Over the next thirty years, he did exactly that, becoming the first authority in China to study Shakespeare (Zhu Shenghao had translated before, but never finished).
The book is nearly five million words long, and the translation tests a writer's talent in particular.
Now, not only in the translation industry, but even in the matter of how to learn English, we can't avoid the famous Liang Shiqiu.
He has written more than thirty English-Chinese dictionaries, dictionaries and English textbooks.
Later, when Liang Shiqiu was asked what he thought of the achievements of translating Shakespeare, he said modestly:
"To translate The Complete Works of Shakespeare, three conditions must be met. First, I must be unlearned. If I have knowledge, I will do research and research. Second, I must be without genius. If I had a genius, I would do creative work such as research, writing novels, poems, and plays. Third, I must be able to live quite a long time, otherwise I will not be able to finish the translation. Fortunately, I have all three conditions, so I have completed the translation of this huge work. ”
Liang Shiqiu will choose to translate Shakespeare's works in this life, in fact, the main reason is that he wrote articles and quarreled with people too much, and finally embarked on this road in a negative mood.
Haha, think about it, sir is still quite cute.
Bing Xin said: "A person should be like a flower, whether a man or a woman." Flowers have color, fragrance, taste, people have talent, love, fun, lack of one, can not be a good friend of the family. Among my friends, only Liang Shiqiu is the one who looks most like a flower. ”
To be described by a woman as a flower, how beautiful this man should be.
That's because there is a very significant difference between Liang Shiqiu and most of the literary scholars since modern China, and his articles are very close to life, which is particularly interesting and warm.
For example, in an essay called "Happiness", Liang Shiqiu said that the beautiful scenery of good times, pleasing things, can be seen at any time.
Rain has the fun of rain, sunny and sunny, birds jump and peck, cats and dogs eat and sleep, which one does not make people feel happy?
If we are lucky enough to be friends with Liang Shiqiu, I think he will be happy all the time, and we will always have a smile on our faces.
Who wouldn't like such a friend?
Another example is that he wrote an essay called "Women".
He said that women always love to lie, love to be fickle, love to cry, talk a lot, really timid.
He counted the women down hard, but between the lines, he secretly praised the women, saying that women are great, most like children, very innocent and lovely.
Reading this essay, you will feel that these little problems of women are not their cuteness?
If women are the same as men, then the world is too much less interesting and beautiful.
At the end of the article, he turned his pen sharp and began to praise women, especially learned women, often shocking men.
If Mr. Liang Shiqiu can live today, he will definitely become a super big V who is loved by women.
In addition to the article, even in the era of war and chaos, Liang Shiqiu's mentality is still a beautiful look of the years.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Liang Shiqiu went from Beijing to Chongqing, and his main work became the compilation of textbooks for primary school students behind enemy lines.
Liang Shiqiu and a few friends lived in a small building called Yashe.
Don't think of it as a villa, on the contrary, it's a small, dilapidated building, not even a serious wooden bed. On four benches, lay a brown mat and use it as a bed.
The material conditions of the house are very poor, but Liang Shiqiu and his friends call this small building a house.
A name let people know what is the pleasure of the literati, and let people feel that they are happy in their suffering, poor and unshakable wind bones.
On November 3, 1987, Mr. Liang Shiqiu, who was 84 years old, quietly passed away.
Nowadays, when we look at Liang Shiqiu's prose collection and see the sentence he wrote, "You go, I will not send you, you come, no matter how much wind and rain, I will go to pick you up", I think we can still feel the unique warmth and sincerity between the lines.