The sun is about to set in the west
Quiet on the Weishan Lake
Play my beloved earth lute
Sing that beautiful song
Climb aboard the fast train
It's like riding a galloping horse
Stations and railway lines
It is a good battlefield for us to kill the enemy
……
Whenever people hear this familiar song of "Railway Guerrilla", Liu Hong, Wang Qiang, Fang Linyi and other characters can't help but come to mind.
The origin of the railway guerrillas
The railway guerrilla brigade was the Lunan Railway Brigade belonging to the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and was an anti-Japanese armed force active in the area of Zaozhuang in present-day Shandong Province, with a maximum of more than 300 personnel. This irregular force centered on Xuecheng, composed of railway workers, vendors, miners, and vagrants, sacrificed their lives and forgot their deaths, and fought with the Japanese army on the railway line, which was the "trouble in the hearts" of the Japanese invasion of China.
Prototype of Captain Liu Hong
Liu Hong, the male protagonist of "Railway Guerrilla" and the leader of the railway guerrilla brigade, was created based on the two captains of Hong Zhenhai and Liu Jinshan.
In 1910, Hong Zhenhai was born into a family of carpenters in Teng County, Shandong Province. As a teenager, he often worked for train drivers, and thus learned train driving skills. Later, forced by life, he climbed the train with the poor children to engage in coal and grain, and practiced the ability to climb the car and fly the car.
After the fall of Zaozhuang in March 1938, Hong Zhenhai resolutely joined the Sulu People's Anti-Japanese Volunteer Corps. At the same time, the anti-Japanese troops in the mountainous areas encountered or were suddenly surrounded by the Japanese army several times because they could not obtain information on the activities of the Japanese army in Zaozhuang.
In order to reverse the passive situation, Hong Zhenhai broke into Zaozhuang and established a secret intelligence station. In October 1939, Hong Zhenhai learned that a train loaded with weapons and ammunition was passing through Zaozhuang and preparing to drive to Lincheng. That night, as soon as the train left Zaozhuang Station, Hong Zhenhai and others jumped on the train and threw the bandaged two machine guns, 12 three-eight-lid rifles, and two boxes of bullets off the train. In November, Hong Zhenhai secretly organized an anti-Japanese armed force of 11 people, named Zaozhuang Railway Team, with Hong Zhenhai as the captain.
In June 1940, as soon as a money truck left Zaozhuang, Hong Zhenhai and others jumped on the car and killed all the Japanese puppet soldiers escorting the car. 80,000 yuan of counterfeit currency, 3 short guns, 12 long guns, 1 hand gun and 1 machine gun were seized. Since then, the prestige of the "Flying Tigers" has spread rapidly.
One day in December 1941, the Japanese army in Lincheng gathered more than 1,000 people and surrounded Liuludian in two ways, but the railway brigade had now moved to Huangbuzhuang. The angry enemy beat the masses and burned the village. Hong Zhenhai, who heard about this, was furious and immediately organized his team members to fight back, but he was eventually exposed to the target and died at the age of 32.
After Hong Zhenhai, Liu Jinshan served as the captain of the railway brigade. Born into a miner's family in Zaozhuang, Shandong, Liu Jinshan joined the Communist Party-led People's Anti-Japanese Armed Forces in 1938. In September 1940, he joined the railway brigade and became the backbone of the force. In 1941, Liu Jinshan participated in the night attack on the Lincheng Railway Station by the Railway Brigade. The entire battle lasted less than 10 minutes, and not only was Takaoka (the prototype of the Japanese special agent leader Gangmura in "Railway Guerrilla" eliminated), but also two machine guns, more than 30 rifles, three pistols, and thousands of rounds of ammunition were captured. From 1941 to 1945, when the Japanese army surrendered, for several years, the railway guerrillas fought spies, eliminated traitors, frequently attacked, and shocked the enemy.
Prototype of the commissar
There were five political commissars before and after the railway brigade: Wen Lizheng (sacrificed), Du Jiwei (transferred), Zhang Hongyi (sacrificed), Meng political commissar (name is not recorded, sacrificed), and Zheng Ti (appointed on the eve of the end of the War of Resistance). In the "Railway Guerrilla" novel, "according to the personalities and characteristics of the four political commissars, Du was the main figure of a political commissar. ”
The first political commissar was named Du Jiwei, according to the recollections of the veteran members of the railway guerrillas, they were most satisfied with this political commissar, in their impression, he did not put up a shelf, lectured on morality, and could mingle with everyone, except for "Lao Hong", everyone respected him more, and they were willing to listen to what he said.
Later, Du Jiwei made a mistake in life, and had a free love affair with the daughter of a landlord's family by Weishan Lake, which was beyond reproach, but at that time, the vast majority of the members of the railway guerrilla group were from a bitter background and had a relatively strong sense of rejection of the landlord, and for this matter, the organization also talked to him several times, advising him to focus on the overall situation and pay attention to the impact, but did not convince him, for the stability of the team, the superiors had to transfer him away.
The prototype of vice captain Wang Qiang
Wang Qiang's character prototype is Wang Zhisheng, he is a native of Chenzhuang, Zaozhuang City, Central District, born in a family of railway workers, five brothers, ranked fourth, at the age of 15 began to run trains, do small business. He and Hong Zhenhai have been good friends since childhood, and they have practiced a "pickpocketing car" skill since childhood, and have played an extremely important role in the battle.
The prototype of Fang Lin's sister-in-law
Liu Guiqing, a former model of the branch, sent his three sons to the battlefield, and when the Japanese and puppet armies frequently "swept up," the whole family took turns to stand guard at the mouth of the village and the roadside.
Her home also became an underground liaison station for the Lunan Railway Brigade. Liu Guiqing was arrested twice, tortured to the fullest, and never revealed the secrets of the party and the railway brigade.
Huang Xueying is a famous hero. She was arrested for betrayal by traitors, and was kept in a cell by the Japanese army for 13 days without food or drink, but survived strongly by eating the cotton from her torn cotton jacket and drinking a little rain that seeped into the cell.
Hao Zhen used the cover of selling pancakes to clip anti-war propaganda materials into the pancakes and then post them all over the city. Huang Xueying and other Lunan women are the prototypes of the novel "Railway Guerrilla" "Fang Lin Sister-in-law".
The foreign bank robbery incident
One night in late August 1940, Hong Zhenhai and Wang Zhisheng led 32 team members into five groups to touch the vicinity of "Zhengtai International Foreign Firm", because the wall was high and there was a power grid, they could not cross the wall, they dug a hole in the wall, until 4 o'clock in the morning the next day, they dug through the courtyard wall. Wang Zhisheng led 4 groups into the courtyard, and Hong Zhen's kelp short gun group took cover outside, and the battle ended in three or four minutes. In May 1941, the railway team attacked the Japanese foreign company again, killing 13 Japanese spy team members.
Killed the Gaogang incident
In August 1941, the railway brigade destroyed the Hanzhuang section of the Jinpu Railway, causing the Japanese troop train to derail. In September, 1.5 kilometers of yixian-Lincheng railway tracks were dismantled, and more than 100 power poles were cut off, paralyzing the communications and transportation of the Japanese army at the same time. The Japanese army urgently formed ironclad train brigades and railway guard brigades in Yixian and Lincheng. He also specially transferred Gao Gang, the head of the special high school, from Jinan to set up the Fifth Special Investigation And Spy Team in Lincheng.
One night, the railway brigade split into four groups and infiltrated Lincheng Station disguised as Japanese soldiers and porters. At 10 o'clock, Liu Jinshan, the first team member who undertook the task of attacking, and others touched the door of Gao Gang. Liu Jinshan's first shot killed Gao Gang's guards, who were lying there writing, when he heard the gunshot and looked up, Liu Jinshan's second shot followed closely and killed Gao Gang. The spy network painstakingly operated by the Japanese army has since disintegrated.
Victory is surrendered
In August 1945, Japan announced its surrender, but the Japanese troops stationed in the area of Yixian and Lincheng refused to surrender their weapons to the railway guerrillas. One day in October, when the Japanese ironclad train drove out of Lincheng Station at night, it was found near Shagou that the railway in front of it had been destroyed, and then tried to return to Lincheng, and the retreat was also blown up by the railway brigade. After 3 days of isolation and starvation, the Japanese army had to obediently surrender.
Zheng Ti, the 23-year-old political commissar of the Railway Brigade at the time, was surrendered on behalf of the Eighth Route Army, and more than 1,000 Japanese troops carrying 8 heavy machine guns, more than 130 light machine guns, and two mountain guns and other light and heavy weapons surrendered to an anti-Japanese guerrilla force of less than 100 people, which is extremely rare in the history of military surrender.