Textile industry has always been a pillar industry of national development, in the Republic of China period, Jiangsu has three major textile enterprises in a three-legged trend, these three enterprises are Changzhou Dacheng Company, Nantong Dasheng Company, Wuxi Yeqin Company, because the quality of the production is superior, and the sales scale is very large, these three enterprises claim to support the Republic of China during the Republic of China period of china's textile industry half of the country. Among them, Dentons Textile Dyeing Company, founded by Mr. Liu Guojun in Changzhou, was called "a miracle in economic history" by economist Ma Yinchu.
Liu Guojun
Liu Guojun is a very legendary person, self-made, through the wind and rain, from an apprentice who only read private school for half a year, grew into a national industrial giant, known as the king of textiles. After half a century of unremitting struggle for self-improvement, he has successively served as the general manager and chairman of Dacheng Company, the deputy general manager and vice chairman of Chubb Company, and the vice governor of Jiangsu Province, which is not only a generation of industrial giants, but also a generation of patriotic businessmen.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > abandon business and create a business blueprint</h1>
Liu Guojun, on April 2, 1887 (the ninth day of March in the thirteenth year of Qing Guangxu), was born in the ancestral hall of Jingjiang County, Changzhou Province, Jiangsu Province, when he was a child, his family was poor and prepared to taste hardships, "three meals of daily food yuan wheat paste, bamboo bed night sleeper bunk". He left his hometown and stormed Jiangnan from the age of 15, and it took only 13 years to become the richest man in Wujin Benniu Town. Later, he abandoned business and worked hard, and successively founded Dalun Weaving Factory, Guangfeng Cloth Factory, Guangyi Cloth Factory, Guangyi Dyeing and Weaving Factory, etc., with great profits. Liu Guojun raised funds to establish Changzhou Dacheng Textile Printing and Dyeing Company in 1930, which was the beginning of the well-known Dacheng enterprise empire at home and abroad, and since then, he has truly embarked on the journey of creating a "rare miracle" in the textile industry. Taking 1937 as an example, The yarn ingots of Dacheng Company accounted for about 2% of the national Chinese yarn factories; looms accounted for about 7% of the national Chinese yarn factories; the printing and dyeing capacity reached 5,000 horses per day, ranking first in the country, and Liu Guojun gradually grew into a giant in China's textile industry.
Old photo of Dentons Textile Company
In the 8 years from 1930 to 1937, Dacheng Company developed from 1 factory to 4, 10,000 spindles to more than 80,000 spindles, 260 looms to 2,557 units, printing and dyeing capacity from zero to 5,000 horses per day, and the registered capital from 500,000 yuan to 4 million yuan, an eight-fold increase in eight years. Mr. Ma Yinchu, a famous economist, once praised: "Like Dacheng, the speed of 8 times the growth rate in eight years is really a rare miracle in national industry and commerce!" ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > four crossings to Japan, shi yi long skills to control yi</h1>
From the 1820s to the early 1830s, China's national cotton textile industry operated only one part of the textile, weaving, printing and dyeing fields, and at most it was spinning, weaving or printing and dyeing. Dyeing and printing as part of the cotton spinning industry, the proportion is very small. Japan and other monopoly capitals have seized on this weakness in China's national textile industry, lowered the price of cotton yarn and grey cloth, and raised the price of color cloth, so as to achieve the purpose of disrupting the market and cracking down on China's cotton spinning industry. For a time, spinning mills across the country closed down, and China's national textile industry was in a difficult situation. However, Liu Guojun's Dacheng can stand out and go against the trend.
Liu Guojun vigorously advocated foreign investors as competitors, especially Japan. He believes that simply boycotting Japanese goods is a palliative strategy, and only by making the national industry bigger and stronger can we truly boycott Japanese goods. However, the reality restricts our technology is far inferior to people, equipment is far inferior to people, management is still far inferior to people, what do we take to compete with others? The only way is to "master Yi and master the skills to control Yi".
Cone yarn process
From 1924 to 1935, Liu Guojun visited Japan four times, and each time he returned to China, he made innovative moves. For example, in 1924, he went to Japan for the first time and found that "the advantage of Japanese business lies in low cost." Its main purpose is that the management pays attention to practical results, the process arrangement is scientific, and the cost is saved materials. Therefore, after returning to China, he fully implemented the "tube yarn" process in Guangyi, and vigorously introduced the new automatic electric loom of Toyota of Japan, which promoted Guangyi to become the most advanced modern cloth factory in Changzhou at that time. The second trip to Japan was in the autumn of 1931, the year after the establishment of Dacheng Textile Dyeing Company, it was before and after the "918" incident of Japanese manufacturing, he was refused to visit many factories, and ate a lot of "closed door soup". Even so, Liu Guojun still realized that "dyeing without weaving, weaving without spinning, in the event of traffic obstacles or market fluctuations, once the raw materials are interrupted, production is bound to stop, only the development of textile, printing and dyeing all-round enterprises can compete with foreign investors." Therefore, he resolutely merged Guangyi Dyeing and Weaving Factory into Dacheng Textile Dyeing Company to develop an all-round enterprise.
Dentons Flyer
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > public and selfless, the first batch to apply for public-private partnership</h1>
In September 1953, as the chairman of the Changzhou Democratic Construction Association, Liu Guojun was invited by the United Front Work Department of the CENTRAL Committee to Zhongnanhai to participate in a forum of non-party personages to discuss the issue of "practicing state capitalism". The red wall of Zhongnanhai makes people feel mysterious and solemn, Liu Guojun has been to Beijing many times, but he never thought that he would walk into Zhongnanhai.
Zhongnanhai
Liu Guojun was still uncertain about the policy and situation, and as soon as the meeting ended, he immediately went to visit his old friend Huang Yanpei, vice premier of the State Council. Huang Yanpei taught him four words "keep pace with the times", a word to wake up the dreamer, Liu Guojun Daigo empowerment, public-private partnership must be the trend of the times, imperative, he thought to himself, why don't I follow the trend and make an example?
In 1958, Liu Guojun (first from left) accompanied Huang Yanpei (fourth from left) on an inspection tour of Changzhou
After returning to Changzhou, Liu Guojun immediately began to consider applying for a public-private partnership, and in order to become one of the first people to implement public-private partnership, he shuttled between Shanghai and Changzhou to consult with each director and supervisor of Dacheng Company. On December 15, Dacheng held a joint meeting of directors and supervisors in BaguiTang, Qingguo Lane, and unanimously passed the proposal to apply for public-private partnership, and then submitted an application to the Changzhou Municipal People's Government.
Qingguo Lane Eight Gui Tang
However, there is still a "roadblock" on the way to implementing public-private partnerships. According to the policy, the proportion of public shares in public-private partnerships cannot be less than 15%, so the government needs to invest 2.5 million yuan in Dentons, which needs to be allocated by the Central Committee and the East China Bureau, otherwise Dentons' public-private partnership plan will be delayed or even frustrated. At this critical moment, Liu Guojun stepped forward and said that he did not need a penny of investment from the state and exchanged his private shares with the public shares of Nantong Dasheng Company, so that the problem of public equity ratio was solved.
The Industrial Bureau of Changzhou Municipal People's Government signed a public-private partnership agreement with Dacheng Company
On June 1, 1954, Dacheng Company officially signed a public-private partnership agreement, becoming the first enterprise in Jiangsu Province to implement public-private partnership, and Liu Guojun was excited and excited.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > knows people and employs people on the basis of merit</h1>
"The tuition fees in ordinary life are not consistent, and the career has never been supported by the public." Liu Guojun's autobiographical summary poem written in his later years attributed the success of his career to everyone's credit, which not only reflected his noble quality of humility, but also reflected his way of knowing people and employing people well.
Hua Du An
One of Liu Guojun's earliest assistants, Hua Du'an, was not highly qualified and had no university degree, working as an apprentice at the Wujin Electric Factory at the age of 14 and the director of the power plant at the age of 21, resigned because of disagreement with the leadership. When Liu Guojun heard about this person, he immediately wanted to hire him in the name of chief inspector. Some people suggested that they should investigate, but Liu Guojun had a blue eye for him, and commented on him: "This person has only 6 years of books, and he can be the director of the power plant at the age of 21, which shows this person's talent; he dares to fight with the general manager according to reason, which shows the integrity and loyalty of this person; after resigning, so many people have retained him, which shows this person's morality and popularity." ”
After Liu Guojun took over the Dalun Jiuji Spinning Factory, the factory of more than 2,000 people at that time did not have an engineer, only a teacher in the Japanese spinning factory. The company's old factory equipment is old, the quality of cotton yarn is not good, Liu Guojun is full of sadness and thirst. When he read Lu Shaoyun's "Standard Working Methods for Spinning Mills", he was devastated, and immediately sent someone to find and hire the author of this book with heavy money, promising to give him an annual salary of 5,000 yuan, while Liu Guojun himself was only 240 yuan per month at that time.
Cha Ji Min
In 1933, Cha Jimin went to Dacheng No. 2 Factory as a technician and director of the dyeing department, and made many achievements in the factory, and he fell in love because of his own moral integrity. During his work at The Second Dacheng Factory, he was deeply impressed by Liu Guojun and was also sent to the Kyoto Dyeing and Weaving Factory in Japan for internship and further study, and he made great achievements in dyeing and weaving. He later became Mr. Liu Guojun's son-in-law, and married Liu Guojun's beloved daughter Liu Biru as Qin jin.
Liu Guojun looks at people in substance, not only looks at diplomas, qualifications and identities, but also attaches importance to his own moral knowledge and learning, so he can unite a group of talents who are good at management, understand technology and can manage around him, and help him achieve rapid progress in his career.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > drastically reformed business management</h1>
At the beginning of Liu Guojun's takeover of the Dalun Jiuji Spinning Factory, the operation of the factory was corrupt and poorly managed, and the "foreman system" was implemented. Most of the foremen are land snakes, and their blockade of technology and manipulation of worker employment procedures are extremely detrimental to improving factory management systems, adopting new technologies and developing production. Liu Guojun resolutely eliminated the accumulated shortcomings and innovated the management system, proposing that "the evil case of foreman control must be abolished, and the rights of workers who advance and retreat must be concentrated under the direct jurisdiction of the Ministry of Personnel." ”
Dacheng company pulping workshop
Liu Guojun is committed to manufacturing high-quality and inexpensive brand-name products in production and operation. In order to reduce costs, he personally went down to the workshop to grasp the "three tigers", namely white tigers (cotton), flower tigers (flower colors), and black tigers (coal). In order to improve the quality, he disguised himself as a sizing worker and entered the British merchant Jardine Mills, secretly observed and learned the sizing technology, and was discovered by the foreign foreman and almost beaten. In addition, Liu Guojun is committed to building a brand, and the book "Dacheng Company Archives and Historical Documents" records that Dacheng Textile dyeing Company has used as many as 32 kinds of trademarks, and brands such as "Butterfly Ball", "Six Crane Yarn", "Dacheng Blue", "Double Rabbit" and "Hero" were quite popular in the market at that time.
Dentons trademark "Butterfly Ball"
Dentons trademark "Double Rabbit"
Liu Guojun has also made great achievements in managing the employees of enterprises, and put forward new concepts such as "industrial plumbers, workers and teachers, and workers' autonomy". He often said to the workers: "Our factory is a society, and when we enter the factory, we must work with peace of mind, and we must eat in Si, live in Si, grow old in Si, and bury in Si." He built canteens, dormitories, health posts, kindergartens, and primary schools for young workers, held group weddings for young workers, and even built a hall of merit that could be buried in The Dacheng Cemetery funded by Dentons after the death of employees. Although it was not entirely from the perspective of workers at that time, these initiatives did greatly improve the welfare level of workers.
Located in The Dormitory Building of Dacheng Female Workers in Songjian Hall, Qingguo Lane
Liu Guojun was a national industrialist with strong patriotic feelings; under the influence of Zhang Xiao's ideas of "making the system and not having it, resisting what is there" and "saving the country with cotton and iron," he abandoned business and worked and founded Dacheng with the starting point of revitalizing national industry. The "miracle" of Dacheng he created made great contributions to the economic construction of southern Jiangsu and even the whole of China at that time, and it still sounds amazing.