Li Zhen's initial surname was Lin, his name was Zai zhen, and he later changed his surname to Li, and his name was Hongfu, zhuowu, and his nickname was Wenling, Baiquan, and so on. Jiajing has been a man for thirty-one years and should not try. Li Gongcheng Sect Leader, GuoziJian Doctor, Wanli is the prefect of Yao'an. He abandoned the official and lived in Huang'an (present-day Hong'an County, Hubei Province) and the Zhi Buddhist Temple in Macheng, Hubei Province. In his later years, he traveled back and forth between the north and the south of Beijing and other places, and finally was falsely imprisoned and killed himself in prison.
It can be said that Li Zhen was a great thinker in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, and also the most prestigious among the cultural celebrities of the same period. Although At that time, Li Zhen's status was equivalent to that of a professor at a famous university today, in that era based on the way of Confucius and Mencius, Li Zhen's thought was undoubtedly "rebellious", so not many people could accept his views and ideas.
From the perspective of the Ming Dynasty, Teacher Li's thinking was quite extreme, and his style of behavior was rather eccentric, almost to the extent of "deviance". To take one thing, Li Zhen dared to risk the world's great disobedience and accept female apprentices in the academy he opened, which was enough to make the scholars at that time stunned. Obviously, in a feudal society where male power is supreme, the conservative faction simply cannot tolerate the existence of Li Zhen.
Therefore, scholars from all sides began to criticize it and constantly personally attacked it with remarks such as "bad customs and bad customs". Since it was a personal attack, those words that attacked Li Zhen naturally used a lot of very unbearable words, and some of the words also involved insulting female students who insulted Li Zhen. For example, some claim that women have no right to study at all, because they do not have the iq to do learning: "Women are short and cannot learn. ”
In response, Li Yan responded with a letter. At the beginning of the letter, Li Yan admitted that women do have some kind of shackles in their studies. Just as the so-called "male lord outside the female lead", the objective conditions of women and men are not the same, so since ancient times, women have not left the door and can only stay at home to teach their husbands and children, which is for "the husband and wife do not go out of the field".
After all, not every era can appear like Mulan's female Haojie, and the vast majority of those who lick blood on the battlefield are men. In this respect, it is indisputable that women can see the world much narrower than men. However, Mr. Li Yan turned sharply and began to clarify that there was no necessary relationship between "narrow angle" and "short insight".
Li Yan believes: "Whether the knowledge is short or not has nothing to do with how many roads have been traveled and how many worlds have been seen. "To put it simply, people who stay at home every day may not be deaf to things outside the window, and people who run around every day may not learn to get rich." Short-sightedness or not has nothing to do with the space of activity. Immediately afterward, Li Yan began to explain his views to everyone, that is, his own understanding of "foresight" and "short-sightedness".
Li Yan believes that the only criterion for judging whether the vision is long-term is time and orientation. Short-sighted people can see only within a hundred years, or only limit themselves to their own families, or even, even think only of themselves. It is for "those who are short-sighted to see only within a hundred years, or near to their descendants, and close to one body."
On the contrary, those who have insight and vision can break out of the shackles of themselves and time, and even see through the relationship between life and death and interests. Not only that, people with a long-distance vision can also look at things from a very comprehensive perspective, and can be observed from both a macroscopic point of view and a microscopic point of view. It is for "the realm of incalculable metaphors that are extremely in the billions and billions of calamities." ”。
Of course, in ancient times, there were no words such as "macroscopic" and "microscopic", but what Li Yan wanted to express was exactly this truth. The "domain" in this sentence represents the scope within the reach of the eye. From the perspective of orientation, a short-sighted person will always waste his energy on listening to the "words of the children in the city", and they will undoubtedly absorb some worthless information.
If you are a visionary, you will not consider the short things in these parents, but focus on the bigger goals. The so-called "not confused by the mouth of popular love" means that people should not be swayed by emotional things and affect their judgment. "If a man has a man or a woman, he can do it, and if he sees a man or a woman, he can also care?" It is an established fact that man is divided into male and female by heaven, but there is no distinction between gender and vision.
Therefore, to say that women have "long hair and short sight" is a complete fallacy and makes no sense. Based on this, Li Yan further said that there are now some female compatriots, although they are discriminated against in terms of gender, but their vision and insight can make the famous teachers in today's society ashamed. You know, when Confucius traveled around the world, he never met such a legendary woman.
In the end, Mr. Li Yan simply stood from an objective point of view, while shouting injustice for female compatriots, he attacked those guys who were prejudiced against gender: "Injustice is not with this person, but I am afraid that bystanders will be ugly." Female comrades have no need to be shy in order to study, and they should be ashamed of those "bystanders" who are prejudiced against women. In other words, whether you discriminate against women or not, their long-term vision is there and they are not affected by any strange vision.
It can be said that in the feudal dynasty, advanced people who advocated women's education were rare. Unfortunately, in today's society of equality between men and women, few people know about Li Zhen, a pioneer in fighting for women's power.
Resources:
[History of the Ming Dynasty, Vol. 221, Liechuan No. 109 Geng Direction, Ming Dynasty Outstanding Thinker Historian: Li Zhen]