Human beings can be said to be a very fragile life form in nature, and it is genetically determined that human beings live less than 150 years old. Humans are even more vulnerable to cancer, and so far no good way to overcome it has been found.
Humans can't do without oxygen, brain cells lack oxygen for 60 seconds to start the death program, three minutes later will cause permanent brain damage. In an environment of 20% oxygen, humans also die from carbon dioxide poisoning.
All this shows the fragility of human beings, the so-called no contrast is no harm, there is a creature that is stronger than humans in these aspects, this is the "naked mole rat" that does not get cancer!
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > magical naked mole rat</h1>
In the arid regions of East Africa, there is a group of very recognizable creatures, and other animals have colorful feathers or super textured scales. Only the naked mole rat is relatively rough, and it may be that the Creator deserted when he created it and forgot to decorate it, so it was born very ugly.
Later, in order to make up for his inattention to its shape design, the Creator added some special skills to him, such as conquering death.
For a long time, it was thought that no creature could resist aging until naked mole rats were discovered. Studies have shown that naked mole rats, whether they are 1 year old or 15 years old, the probability of their death is only 1/10,000, which proves that they have super anti-aging ability (this is the real rat is not visible, the sea is incomparable).
Most animals cannot survive in an oxygen-deficient or hypoxic environment, but the naked mole rat has been able to carry it its own. It can live in an underground environment with less than 9% oxygen, and even without oxygen, it can last for 18 minutes.
In addition, naked mole rats are not afraid of pain, this ability that humans need to obtain by anesthesia, and it is also a natural skill in naked mole rats. And then there is the perception of temperature, that is, high temperature weather or cold weather will not make naked mole rats feel uncomfortable (this is really envious, summer is hot, winter, too torturous).
Naked mole rats selectively discarded some skills in the process of evolution, and also evolved some "magic" that humans envy. In order to unravel the mysteries of living things, scientists have explored these behaviors of naked mole rats.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="10" > the mystery of the naked mole rat gene</h1>
Naked mole rats don't get old, which is the ability that many humans, and many women, most want to get. Biologically speaking, there is no difference between old naked mole rats and juvenile naked mole rats, and their lifespan is very long, 10 times that of ordinary mice, and they can live for 32 years.
Do you think there's anything special about the genes of naked mole rats? In fact, its genes are not special, but the body's metabolic rate is particularly low. Secondly, its genes may hide DNA repair pathways that mice do not have, which gives it the ability to immortalize.
As for the naked mole rat, it is due to its super tumor resistance. The formation of tumors is caused by the infinite division of cancer cells, and if you want cancer, you only need to stop the infinite proliferation of cancer cells in time.
Naked mole rats have many tumor suppressor genes (such as ARF) in their genes, or lack genes associated with cancer. At the same time, naked mole rats produce hyaluronic acid (hyaluronic acid) when the cells come into contact in order not to be too crowded when their cells grow too crowded.
These hyaluronic acids fill the voids and force the cells to stop dividing, and it is this "contact inhibition" mechanism that prevents cancer cells from replicating and growing wildly.
Compared with these tall and incomprehensible things, it is actually more interesting to study how they survive in an oxygen-deficient environment. Many animals can't live underground at 9% oxygen, but they can live in groups, which is a very amazing phenomenon.
After research, it has been found that many animals are unable to decompose glucose to produce energy in a hypoxic environment. Once oxygen is lacking, energy-intensive brain cells die first. Naked mole rats, on the other hand, can use fructose to complete metabolism (Note: only plants can use fructose metabolism) and switch freely in the "glucose file" and "fructose file".
I don't really admire these amazing creatures, but they are not "immortal", although they do not age, they will get mouth ulcers, and they will die as soon as they get it.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="19" > life half-life</h1>
Although naked mole rats are not afraid of lack of oxygen, cancer, pain, and even aging, this has aroused the interest of many scientists. They are based on a set of statistics:
Naked mole rats have a mortality rate of 0.01% at birth and 0.01% in humans;
The mortality rate of naked mole rats after five years is 0.01% and that of humans is 0.5%;
Naked mole rats have a mortality rate of 0.01% after ten years, humans ...
It can be found that the risk of death of naked mole rats has not changed, although it is not afraid of aging, but it will also die. Curiously, according to the statistics of the time of death of these naked mole rats, their death is very similar to the half-life of radioactive material.
Naked mole rats kept captive by scientists, and over a period of nineteen years, the number of deaths was half that of the total. The deaths of naked mole rats in captivity are mostly caused by mouth ulcers, while naked mole rats in the wild die from natural enemies, infections, and hunger.
Such a magical way of dying is so fascinating, as if it is the shackles of heaven, and no matter how good it is, it will not get eternal life.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="45" > summary</h1>
So far, almost all animals have not been able to break through the shackles of "immortality", but they have found a way to bypass the "shackles of immortality", that is, reproduction. Countless offspring have been multiplying, time can be infinitely long, and now human genes and primitive human genes still have a place to know each other, is this human beings overcoming immortality?
Why do you think naked mole rats have a "half-life" phenomenon?