53 years ago in Africa, the world's first heart transplant was successfully completed in South Africa, and although the patient only survived for 8 days, the impact was profound. Since then, humanity has mastered the technology of heart transplantation, and patients with end-stage heart failure have seen new hope, and more than 50 years have passed.
Heart transplant surgery
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Asia's first heart transplant in Shanghai</h1>
In the past 50 years, the skills of heart transplant surgery have been improved day by day, and the survival rate after surgery has become higher and higher. 12 years after the world's first heart transplant, Asia's first heart transplant was completed at Ruijin Hospital in Shanghai, China, and Dr. Zhang Shize used his exquisite skills to perform a heart transplant for a patient with coronary heart disease.
Today, 40 years later, heart transplantation has been treated as a routine procedure, and the survival rate of patients after surgery is getting higher and higher, and the longest survival patient after transplantation has exceeded 20 years, and this record continues.
Heart transplant surgery in China is developing rapidly
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > what a heart transplant is</h1>
A heart transplant is a surgery in which a donor's heart is transplanted into the donor's chest cavity and resubtured. 60 years ago, heart transplantation was a surgery that could not be imagined, and now, with the improvement of surgical skills and the replacement of surgical instruments, heart transplantation has become a more conventional operation in cardiac surgery, and large domestic top three hospitals are carrying out heart transplantation.
In fact, whether it is the kidney, liver or heart, China's organ transplant technology has been very mature, basically synchronized with the international advanced level, our advantages are mainly in the hospital survival rate, the disadvantage is that the alternative methods before transplantation are not too much.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > which diseases are suitable for heart transplantation? </h1>
The heart is equivalent to the engine of the human body, when the engine has a small problem, we can continue to work through the oil or small repairs, but when the engine movement is damaged and can not be repaired at any time, we can only replace the engine, and heart transplantation is the same reason. When heart disease is too severe to be treated with medication or surgery, heart transplantation is the only way to solve the problem. Generally, there are four types of heart diseases.
1. Congestive heart failure caused by heart valve disease
Such patients generally use internal medicine treatment to relieve symptoms for many years, and as the disease worsens, internal medicine treatment can no longer significantly improve their symptoms, and can only undergo heart transplantation.
2. Severe congenital heart disease
This type of congenital heart disease is often more serious, and general cardiac surgery cannot solve its symptoms, such as left ventricular dysplasia.
3. Primary cardiomyopathy
There is no effective treatment for primary cardiomyopathy, especially advanced primary cardiomyopathy, and patients can only wait for death before the advent of heart transplantation methods, which mainly include dilated, hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathy.
4. Severe coronary atherosclerotic heart disease
Common coronary heart disease can generally be treated with drugs or surgery, and some severe coronary heart disease can be transplanted when coronary heart disease cannot be treated by surgery and other measures.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > common complications after heart transplantation</h1>
1. Infection
Heart transplantation takes a relatively long time, postoperative respiratory tract management is difficult, prone to lung infection, and the risk of infection is increased with immunosuppressants. For example, the world's first heart transplant patient died of an infection.
2. Immune rejection
Heart transplantation is an allogeneic organ transplant, although the blood type is consistent, but the recipient still has the possibility of rejection, a very small number of heart transplant patients have successful surgery, and the rapid postoperative immune rejection reaction eventually leads to the loss of heart function and death.
3. Side effects of anti-immune drugs
In order to prevent rejection after surgery, anti-rejection drugs are generally taken after surgery and are taken for a long time. In the process of long-term medication, some people will have a variety of side effects, the most common such as kidney function damage caused by drugs, renal insufficiency, paresthesias and so on.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > precautions after heart transplantation</h1>
1. Regular review is key
After heart transplantation, good review habits must be developed, first, to determine whether the heart is working properly, and second, because of a large number of oral anti-rejection drugs for a long time, dynamic monitoring of liver and kidney function, if necessary, even if liver protection and kidney protection therapy.
2. A regular diet is important
Reasonable and regular eating, not only to ensure the intake of high-quality protein and nutrients, but also to prevent excessive consumption of high-fat foods leading to weight gain and thus increase the burden on the heart.
3. Proper exercise is the foundation
Some heart transplant patients are afraid of increasing the burden on the heart after surgery, which is very wrong. Ensuring proper exercise after surgery is not only conducive to the recovery of cardiopulmonary function but also to control weight, preventing overweight and increasing the burden on the heart #Truth is coming ##World Heart Day ##健康生活我看行 #