Guan Yu and Yu Ban were of course typical of surrender. But to figure out the problem, you need to find a few more versions to figure out its pattern. The first thing to be eliminated is the "rebel generals" who took the initiative to jump ship, such as Lü Bu and Gan Ning. Just from the perspective of "forced", let's see how to gain the respect of your opponent after becoming a "descendant".
During the Three Kingdoms period, those who received preferential treatment after surrender were: Guan Yu, Zhang Liao, Huang Quan, Pang Lin, Yan Yan, Pan Rui, Zhang Guo, Jiang Wei, Luo Xian, and Meng Da. It can also be distinguished that it is obvious that it is impossible to escape the group: Guan, Liao, Yan, and Pan. Weak chickens of this force have no choice but to form: Huang, Pang, Guo, Jiang, Luo, and Meng. Yu Ban belongs to Category 1.
However, understanding the capture deeds of Category 2 can also help us to confirm the law from the side and enrich the surrender skills. For example: Huang Quan and Pang Lin. It was Liu Bei's chaos that caused them to become lone soldiers in charge of the defense of Jiangbei. Surrounded by two major heavy army groups of Cao and Wu, they could not rush out. Therefore, there was no way, and he was unwilling to bend his knees to Dongwu, so he had to throw both north.
The status of these two people in the original group was very high, Huang Quan was Liu Bei's Zhenbei general, Sichuan Langzhong, Yizhou local tycoon; Pang Lin was Pang Tong's brother, then engaged in Jingzhou, or a spokesman for the Jingzhou clan. Cao Cao's preferential treatment of such people did have political considerations.
Zhang Gao. As we all know, the composition for Guo Tu was very miserable in Yuan Shao. In the end, he was forced to be helpless and had to vote for Cao Cao. It belongs to the type of "you treat me with kindness and blame me for being unjust". To the side of Boss Cao, it was reused, continued to grow, and eventually became a generation of famous players.
Jiang Wei. Similar to Zhang Gao, he was a patriotic youth from an early age, and during his tenure as a military staff officer, he took the initiative to offer advice and suggestions. However, at present, the head of the enemy, Sima Zun, did not think of defending his family and defending the country, but instead engaged in "office plots." At the end of the road, Xiao Tian jiang had to throw himself into the arms of Wu Hou, although there were some twists and turns, he finally achieved a vigorous career.
Luo Xian. Ben was born in literature (teacher or leading representative: Tan Zhou), and later grew into a fierce general. After Liu Chan announced the "unconditional surrender", he cried sadly at home for 3 days, and as a result, he met Eastern Wu to take over. Luo Xian said: I can't surrender twice on the same day, dare I ask how many of your troops are numbered? Or the fall of hating allies.
It was announced that it would surrender only to Cao Wei. Faced with the strongest lineup of the late Eastern Wu Dynasty composed of land resistance and infantry associations, as well as the siege of 50,000 or 60,000 Wu troops, Yu Zi stood still and withheld the White Emperor City for nearly half a year, and finally waited for the arrival of the "Central Army". Later, Luo Xian was highly valued in both the Wei and Jin dynasties. When Jin destroyed Wu, he also contributed a lot of effort, and gave birth to a bad breath.
Meng Da. Half of it was done by himself, and he deserved sympathy for being bullied by Liu Feng internally, but he did not listen to Guan Yu's orders externally. The face inside was gone, so I had to roll up the covers and leave. It is worth mentioning that Meng Da's household registration is in Si Li, and his father is Liangzhou Thorn Shi Mengtuo, that is, the one who pleases the Ten Constant Waiters and fights wine and Fights Liangzhou.
Therefore, the Meng family can also be regarded as a large family with a name and a surname in the central government. During the period of surrender, Cao Pi used Liu Bei quite heavily in order to disgust him. Meng Da himself also had good personal relations with Xiahou Shang and Huan Jie. Therefore, he and Zhang Gao's situation are somewhat similar. In summary, the weak chickens of this force are forced to form helpless groups, mainly with the following characteristics.
First, it is not me who is responsible for messing things up, or the leader who drops the chain himself. Second, the leaders don't want me anymore, they still want to put me to death, and of course I can't sit still. Third, I have already taken on the responsibility. For example, Jiang Wei fought for Zhuge Liang in the early stage, and Luo Xian died in the late period to carry Eastern Wu. Even Meng Da dared to beat Liu Feng, which showed how badly he had been bullied before.
Then there's the group that can't run. Pan Rui, of the Wuling clan, was a cousin of Jiang Huan. He is the potential star of Liu Bei's Jingzhou team. After Guan Yu was killed, he cried behind closed doors at home. Later, Sun Quan came, holding hands and comforting him with gentle words, so he surrendered. In the future, he worshiped tai often in Eastern Wu and was also respected by all levels in Jiangdong. This is obviously the annihilation of the armed forces, and I am a civilian official without the strength of a chicken.
Zhang Liao. Familiar deeds, it is no longer verbose. Lü Bu's army was defeated and captured, and Wen Yuan followed suit. There is nothing to say about this, the boss himself is begging for forgiveness, and I will change the court and change the household together.
Yan Yan. A native of Zhong County, Chongqing. From the old Yan tou, you can see the unique arrogance and humor of Yizhou people. After being captured by Zhang Feisheng, he was persuaded to surrender. The old man immediately began to fear: Lao Tzu Chongqing Cubs, there has never been a severed general, and there is no surrender general. So Zhang Feimao jumped like thunder: Ok, you cow beer! Left and right, pull out, chop and slash.
Yan Yan walked out with his head held high, and muttered in passing, "What is anger and evil?" (Subtext: Cut it, cut it!) What a fire, baby rub it). This can amuse Zhang Fei, and then go forward to drag the person back, release it with his own hands, and then treat him with good wine and good meat, and then descend. This is the benefit of not being afraid of death, and relying on tactical mouths to die.
Guan yu. The deeds are known to everyone. But perhaps everyone did not pay attention, the second master's surrender can be called the first person in ancient and modern times. In the case that Liu Bei did not know whether he was alive or dead, he chose to surrender to Boss Cao, made enough merit and learned where Liu Bei was, and then turned back. Come and go as you please. It was forced to change "surrender" to "secondment, and "demotion" to "guest residence".
What's the credit? In front of the two armies, in front of tens of thousands of people, they cut off the heads of the opposing commanders. —— "The Legend of Guan Yu in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms": Yu sees Liang Li Gai, and the spurs are in the midst of the people. "Beheading it back". That is: dismounting blindly, changing knives, swearing, packing, getting on the horse, and then leisurely returning to the camp.
You try, yourself from among the 10,000 Argentine fans, find Messi and stab him. On the level of love and dedication, there is one saying. At that time, which 1 in the Cao camp could do this. Just imagine, if Guan Yu had chosen to keep his righteousness and cut himself. During the Battle of Guandu, how many people would Cao Cao have to die to achieve the same effect, and at what cost?
In summary, trapped can not escape the group: First of all, the boss died, I did not participate in the mastermind, at most one accessory. Secondly, in essence, you must not be afraid of death, you don't want to live, and you love to kill and not kill. In the end, the old lord's life and death are uncertain, and I choose to surrender in order to repay your kindness to me. When the reward is finished, no one can stop me where I am going.
Therefore, combining the above two situations, we can find the following similarities. If you are unfortunate enough to be captured and want to live, even with dignity: first, not the main person in charge of the defeat. Second, in order to redeem the failure, you have made an impeccable effort. Third, do not be afraid of death.
Take Yan Yan, whose situation is similar to that of Yu Ban, Yan Yan was captured in a strong battle, and it was pure luck that he did not die on the battlefield. In the face of Zhang Fei's threats and intimidation, he did not instigate. Zhang Fei persuaded and taunted. Zhang Fei wanted to kill, turned around and left. A series of words and deeds fulfilled the honor of a courtier to the lord.
Even if you meet Liu Zhang again in the future, you can still be ashamed. Subsequently, Zhang Fei personally loosened the binding, indicating Zhang Fei's attitude (pardon). Then from this point on, things move on to another level. Because Yan Yan's loyalty to Liu Zhang had been tested.
When Zhang Liao surrendered, Lü Bu had already chosen to bend his knees. At this time, Zhang Liao was essentially a free body. Of course, he could die for Lü Bu like Gao Shun, but Lü Bu was not qualified to ask Zhang Liao for anything more. It's just that from his own point of view, Zhang Liao finally chose a more promising toss Cao.
Guan Yu is detached from the universal sense of surrender, reflecting the happiness and vengeance of the children of the jianghu. If Guan Yu and Cao Cao are compared to martial arts figures, it is clearer. Guan Erxia was rounded up by Cao Sect Leader and others, and Cao Sect Leader not only spared his life, but also treated him with courtesy. In terms of righteousness, the Two Heroes were quite disdainful of the Sect Master.
But in the subsection, Guan Mou walked the rivers and lakes, and what he could not pass was nothing more than a "love" word. Therefore, he conveniently destroyed Elder Yan under the Yuan Gang Lord for the Cao Sect Leader and relieved the Cao Sect Leader of the danger. After clarifying this entanglement, Guan Mou flicked his hand and left, looking for his righteous brother. This should have happened in the chivalrous way, but it happened in history, jumping out of the pen of Chen Shou, a historical official who cherished words like gold. Guan Yunchang, true god man also!
Compare with the above three digits. Yu Ban mainly committed three major taboos. First, as the main general of the support force, not only did not play a role, but also plunged the army into a situation of total annihilation. Belonged to the main person responsible for the defeat of the battle. Not at all worthy of sympathy. Not to mention surrender, just the defeat of the battle is also accompanied by a court-martial.
Second, "Yu Forbidden Biography": Yu took a big boat to attack the forbidden, forbidden to descend. There is a difference between it and Yan Yan's "city breaking and catching". What's the difference? It was impossible to fight without force, but only to see Guan Yu's big ship approaching, and in the absence of engagement, in the face of the enemy's threat, ponder for a moment, and then surrender, there was basically no process of resistance.
In contrast, in the face of life and death choices, Yan Yan is facing upwards, so he has won everyone's respect. Even if he encountered a violent temper like Zhang Fei. A lord who dares to smoke people when the anger comes up, do you know what the result is after the hard gas? Without that broken mouth to sell cuteness, maybe that bend can't turn around.
At the moment when he walked to the execution ground with his head held high, Old Man Yan had already died once. After that, it was Zhang Fei who gave him a new life. Compared with Zhang Fei, Guan Yu is a type of regularity to follow. But even so, Yu Ban was still instigated. Faced with a test of loyalty, he didn't even have the courage to gamble. As for why Pound was killed, the same was not instigated. Privately, I thought it was just a deliberate provocation.
For Yu Ban, Boss Cao treated him not thinly, and was the only one in the five sons to seal a false festival. Perhaps not as good as the relationship between Guan Yu and Liu Bei. However, compared to a pavilion in Pound District and a miscellaneous general who ate three hundred households, his performance was too much. In fact, Cao Cao did deserve his death.
From the perspective of modern people's values, it may be that there is no big deal except death. It is better to die than to live. But in that chaotic world where life is like grass, long life is not worth pursuing. When you are in the midst of a group of people who are committed to death and who are famous for history, it is regrettable that "to live instead of martyrdom" is a footnote in life.
Even in modern times, a leading cadre who has received the favor of the country and is at the corresponding level. In the face of the test of life and death, it is not qualified to use the standards of ordinary people to demand themselves. Because that standard is too low. Lü Bu treated Zhang Liao like a crowd, and Zhang Liao repaid Lü Bu by the standards of the people.
Liu Bei treated Guan Yu like a national soldier, and Guan Yu replied with a return after concealment. Liu Zhang plucked Yan Yan with one hand, and Yan Yan returned the favor with a death knot. Cao Cao's kindness to stay in the forbidden for 30 years is indeed chilling.