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▲The "Double Loyalty Ancestral Hall" located in Dongshan, Chaoyang, Guangdong Province, dedicated to Zhang Zhu and Xu Yuan (photo by Huang En)
"Shuangzhong Ancestral Hall" is located in the center of Miancheng and One in Dongshan, "Shuangzhongxing Ancestral Hall" is located at the intersection of present-day Zhonghua Road and Dongshan Middle Road in Miancheng, and the large-scale second ancestral hall is dedicated to the famous Tang Dynasty generals Zhang Zhuan and Xu Yuan, so it is named "Shuangzhong". They are all characters in Han Yu's "Afterword to Zhang Zhongcheng", and they are the heroes who defended Suiyang City during the chaos of the Anshi of the Middle Tang Dynasty.
In the tenth year of Song Xining (1077), Zhong Ying, a Chaoyang man of the Chaozhou Military Academy, escorted Fang Wu into Beijing, passing through Suiyang and entering the Temple of Shuangzhong, and it is said that that night Zhong Ying dreamed of the gods and told him that there were twelve gods and a copper roller hidden in the back of the temple, and obtained the oracle: Shi'er feng returned to the East Mountain of Chaoyang, dreamed of waking up to check, and sure enough, it was verified. Zhong Ying went to Beijing to finish his work, and returned to Suiyang, that is, to take the idol and copper roller, and after returning to the tide, he built a shrine in Dongshan to make sacrifices, and the name of the shrine was Lingwei Temple. Because of the sacrifice of Zhang and Xu Ergong, posterity is also called Shuangzhong Temple. This is one of the earliest Shuangzhong Temples in Chaozhou Province.
▲Located in Zhongshan Road, Chaoyang District, Guangdong Province, the "Shuangzhonghe Ancestral Hall" dedicated to Zhang Zhu and Xu Yuan's second duke (photo by Huang En)
When talking about the chaos of the Anshi of the Middle Tang Dynasty, everyone may first think of Guo Ziyi, Li Guangbi and other famous generals of ZTE. In fact, in addition to these famous generals who turned the tide, there are also some small people whose achievements in quelling the chaos of Anshi cannot be ignored. Among them are Zhang Tour, Xu Yuan and others. Zhang Zhuan and Xu Yuan were different from Guo Ziyi, Li Guangbi, and other famous generals from the military, they were all civilian officials. Although they did not have the glorious achievements of Guo Li and others, they led countless feats of resisting tens of thousands or even more than 100,000 enemy troops with thousands of people and horses in one city, so that the southeastern half of the Tang Dynasty was saved, and the Tang army was able to concentrate its forces to finally quell the Anshi Rebellion.
▲ Zhenyuan County Order Zhang Patrol statue
[Zhang Tour (708-757): A native of Nanyang,Tang Dynasty (present-day Henan Province), a Zhongjin soldier in the Kaiyuan Dynasty, during the Anshi Rebellion, he raised an army to defend Yongqiu (雍丘, in modern Feng County, Henan) with Zhenyuan to resist the an anlushan rebels. In the second year of Zhide (757 AD), he moved to Suiyang (present-day Shangqiu, Henan Province) to fight with Taishou Xuyuan, holding out for several months, with no reinforcements from outside and no grain and grass inside, Suiyang was lost, and he was killed unyieldingly. The Book of Tang is passed on to the clouds: the patrol is generous, every time he fights with thieves, he shouts an oath, his eyes are cracked and bleeding, and his teeth and teeth are broken. The city will fall, and the west will bow again, saying: "The wisdom and courage of the subjects are exhausted, and they cannot suppress the strong and guard the isolated city." Though the subject is a ghost, he swears to be a thief, in order to be enlightened'. Killed with Yao Xuan and (Nan) Ji Yun
Lonely County ordered yong to resist the strong enemy, and the front of the battle will stabilize the hearts of the army
After the Anshi Rebellion broke out, the rebels were so powerful that many state and county officials fell in the wind. Zhang Tour was the commander of Zhenyuan County (Luyi County) at the time, and he hated AnShi's atrocities and surrender officials, and because Zhang Tour had severely punished corrupt officials and corrupt officials for caring for the well-being of the people, the Zhenyuan soldiers and civilians were willing to swear to die and follow him. At the beginning of 756, Yongqiu (雍丘, in present-day Qixian County) ordered Fox Chao to surrender to the rebels, and the people in the city were reluctant to follow, so they invited Zhang to patrol the city when Ling Fox Tide sent troops elsewhere. Ling Fox Chao asked tens of thousands of reinforcements from Shi Siming to storm Yongqiu, and Zhang Patrol held on to the city. Ling Fox Tide besieged the city for dozens of days without stopping to attack unsuccessfully, so that Fox Tide saw that the strong attack could not be done, he played the emotional card, Zhang Tour and Ling Fox Tide were originally Linxian County Ling some old friendship, Ling Fox Tide wrote a letter to persuade Zhang Tour to surrender, telling him that Chang'an had been broken, Emperor Xuanzong fled to Shudi and other things, asking him not to be "obsessed with it". Zhang Tour informed the generals of the letter, and six of them said they could surrender. Zhang Patrol pretended to agree to summon all the soldiers in the city, and when the soldiers were assembled, Zhang Patrol publicly rebuked the six generals and ordered them to be killed on the spot. The originally somewhat floating military spirit has thus stabilized.
Shengdong attacked the West Grass Man with arrows, so he repeated the technique and defeated the enemy army
Yongqiu has been besieged for a long time, and food is increasingly scarce. When Zhang Patrol learned that Ling Fox Chao's military food had just been delivered by ship and had not yet been unloaded, he ordered his sergeants to assemble south with great fanfare, so that Fox Tide saw the situation and moved all his troops to the south of the city. Zhang Patrol ordered the soldiers to secretly seize the grain after seeing the fox tide, and if they could not take it, they burned it with fire. The tricked Ling Fox Tide attacked Yongqiu the next day and was defeated by Zhang Patrol, that night the moon was dark and windy, the rebel soldiers suddenly found that there were many people on the city wall who were climbing down the rope, which made Fox Tide panic and make his men desperately release arrows, until dawn, Ling Fox Tide found that those so-called "soldiers" were straw men dressed in black. This night made fox tide give Zhang Tour hundreds of thousands of arrows in vain. Ling Huchao had no choice but to besiege Yongqiu behind closed doors. In the next few nights, there were straw men on the city wall again, and when the rebels saw it, they all felt that Zhang Zhu wanted to repeat the trick and laugh. After a few days, Zhang Patrol found that the rebels were indifferent to the straw men, so he selected five hundred strong men to take advantage of the night to put them down again. Five hundred brave men took advantage of the rebels' defenselessness to attack the enemy camp, and Zhang Tour also led his army out of the city, causing the fox tide to retreat dozens of miles. Later, Ling Fox Chao was knocked out of the shadows by Zhang Patrol and attacked elsewhere, and Yongqiu City was also saved.
Turning to Suiyang gaofeng and bright festival, wisdom and courage and strength to retreat from the strong enemy
Holding Yongqiu made Zhang Tour famous, and then he turned to Ningling (Ningling County), killing more than 10,000 rebels with 3,000 troops. In 757, the Tang court appointed him as the deputy envoy of Henan Jiedu and The Taishou Xuyuan of Suiyang to guard the important town of Suiyang in Jianghuai, but the sudden double harvest of fame and fortune also laid the foundation for him. In the face of more than 100,000 invading troops led by Yin Ziqi, an underling of An Qingxu, Although Xu Yuan had a passion for blood, he did not understand the military, so Xu Yuan asked Zhang to command the military. After Zhang Tour served as the main general of the city, he defeated the rebels many times and took a large amount of food and materials from the rebels, and Zhang Tour distributed the money to the soldiers who had made meritorious efforts in battle and were wounded. Corporal Zhang Touring Lixian ate and lived with the officers and soldiers, and cared for the soldiers, so the soldiers who defended the city were loyal to death. Yin Ziqi besieged Suiyang for a long time and also began to summon Zhang Zhiqi, Yin Ziqi personally came out to surrender, Zhang Zhu while dealing with him, the secret command department sent Nan Jiyun a cold arrow to shoot Yin Ziqi, but unfortunately failed to hit. After this incident, Yin Ziqi became frightened, and then in order to avoid being beheaded, he cleverly dressed up as one of the many creeps, but Yin Ziqi hid from the first fifteen, and in a battle, Zhang Zhiqiao deliberately let the archers shoot arrows without arrows, and the rebel soldiers took the arrows to report Yin Ziqi, at this time, Nan Jiyun, who was hiding in the dark place at the head of the city, had locked the target and shot an arrow into Yin Ziqi's left eye. After Yin Ziqi was hit by an arrow, the rebels retreated in a hurry and changed their strategy to a siege.
▲ Suiyang Taishou Xu Yuan statue
[Xu Yuan (709-757): A native of Yanguan of Hangzhou in Tang (present-day southwest of Haining, Zhejiang), the character Lingwei, was appointed by Emperor Xuanzong as the Taishou of Suiyang during the Rebellion of An Lushan. In the second year of De, he was besieged by The General Yin Ziqi of An Lushan, and together with Zhenyuan Ling Zhang Patrol to defend Suiyang, a few months later the soldiers ran out of food, the city fell, was sent to Luoyang, and was killed when An Qingxu's army was defeated. Press: Tang Da zhongshi (847-860 AD) Tu Zhang, Xu and others in Lingyan Pavilion, Tang Dynasty temple Suiyang, when the age of sacrifice, known as "double temple", all generations have been enshrined, posthumously titled hou and wang. Folk titles are King Wenwu Zun, King Wu'an, Zhang Xu Erzhenjun, etc.
Foreign reinforcements fought in a bloody battle in a lonely city, and people were used to feed and kill their wives to replenish food
The grain and grass in Suiyang (the former site of the south of Suiyang District) were decreasing day by day, and the soldiers could only eat one bowl of thin porridge every day, and in July, Zhang Patrol ordered Nan Jiyun to go out of the city for help. After Nan Jiyun's bloody breakthrough, he went to Linhuai (the ancient sizhou city is now submerged in Hongze Lake) with tens of thousands of troops to make Helan enter the Ming place for help, Helan was jealous of Zhang Zhu's talent and prestige, and was also worried about being defeated by the enemy army and did not want to send troops to rescue him, but he saw that Nan Jiyun was a member of the Xiao general who wanted to leave him for his own use by arranging a song and dance banquet to entertain him. Nan Jiyun looked at the table full of mountains and treasures of the sea, and kept crying to Helan, and Helan looked around and talked about him. Extremely angry, Nan Jiyun slashed off one of his fingers and then went elsewhere for help, finally bringing back some reinforcements and supplies, but the cup of water and salary did not help.
After the only remaining grain was eaten, the Suiyang military and civilians fell into a severe existential crisis. Zhang Patrol first slaughtered the war horses in the city, and then led the soldiers to hunt rats and birds, dig grass roots and eat tree bark. The number of soldiers and civilians starving to death in the city is increasing day by day. Seeing this, Zhang And Xu Yuan ordered the soldiers to eat the corpses of the dead, which was quickly eaten. Zhang Zhu personally killed his wife (said to be a concubine) to provide food for the soldiers, and then Xu Yuan also killed his own slaves... According to historical records, Zhang Patrol defended the city in October and ate 20,000 to 30,000 people,
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From the perspective of modern people, Zhang Tour's approach may be inhumane, but under the situation at that time, thousands of people and fertile land in Sheyi City Baojianghuai and Jiangnan were saved from the destruction of life, which was a real helpless move, which also warned future generations of the cruelty of war and peace was not easy to come by. In fact, Zhang Tour was not without the opportunity to retreat, but he knew even more that if Suiyang fell to Jiangnan, it would not be safe, and their insistence was to save the entire Tang Dynasty! Later, major righteousness, light humanity became the words of some people criticizing Zhang Tour and Xu Yuan.
In October, the siege of Suiyang fell, and Zhang Zhongyong was passed down through the ages
In the case of Suiyang's internal and external difficulties, Zhang Patrol still led his generals to repel countless attacks by the rebels. On the ninth day of October, when the rebels once again attacked the city, there were only more than 400 defenders left, and they were already hungry and could not pull their bows and arrows and could not take up the swords and guns. Suiyang finally fell after ten months of holding out, and by this time the rebels were exhausted for ten months, and the number of casualties in more than 400 battles reached 120,000! What is more ridiculous is that a few days after the fall of Suiyang, reinforcements arrived and recaptured Suiyang City.
When Yin Ziqi saw Zhang Tour and the others, even the enemy sincerely admired them, and Yin Ziqi killed them all after unsuccessfully persuading Zhang Tour and others to surrender. The ten-month-long battle of the An Shi rebels mobilized 180,000 troops, and the large number of troops was firmly attracted to give the Tang court a precious opportunity, and when Zhang Zhu and Xu Yuan held Suiyang, the main force of the Tang army recaptured Chang'an and Luoyang. More importantly, because zhang tour and Xu Yuan's insistence on the rebels could not go south to Jianghuai and Jiangnan regions, the Tang court finally survived precisely because Jiangnan's financial resources were not lost, laying a decisive foundation for the final pacification of the Anshi rebellion.
Extended reading - according to "The "Double Loyalty Ancestral Hall" of Chaoyang Cotton City" (Lingdong Forgotten Time Hall)
At the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, King Wen Tianxiang went to Chaoyang, tun soldiers in Dongshan, entered the Temple of Shuangzhong, felt the patriotic loyalty of Zhang Xu's second duke, poetry rushed, so he used his sword blade to draw stones, leaving the famous "Qinyuan Spring" words on the wall. Since then, Shuangzhong Temple has become more and more admired by the people of the world. From the Ming Dynasty to the later, the orthodoxy and localization of the Shuangzhong faith benefited from the admiration of the local gentry Lin Dachun during the Ming Dynasty. It is said that the former legend of the Shuangzhong Temple, "Guoshi Peerless Double Land, Loyal Subjects No Two Loyal Subjects" was made by the Lin clan. During the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty, Lan Dingyuan of Chaoyang ZhiXian described the situation of Shuangzhong's faith at that time in the "Wenguang Shuangzhong Ancestral Shrine Ancestral Field": incense was all over Mianyang, and there were temples in poor and remote areas.
During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, the Wukou invaded Chaoyang, according to Dongshan, the villagers worshiped the statue of the god of the Shuangzhong Ancestral Hall of Dongshan, and built another Shuangzhong Ancestral Hall in the urban area of Miancheng, which was different from the Ancestral Hall of Dongshan, so it was named Shuangzhongxing Ancestral Hall. After Kou Ping, the idol was restored to Dongshan, and the double loyalty shrine was abolished. In the second year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, the squire Yao Sun Bing rebuilt the ancestral hall at the site of the ancestral hall, and enshrined the spirit of the gods from Dongshan in the ancestral hall, and the plaque followed the old name of the Shuangzhongxing Ancestral Hall. In 1958, Chaoyang Senior High School expanded its school building, Dongshan Shuangzhong Ancestral Hall was demolished, and in 1982, Hong Kong compatriots Yao Chengda and Lin Yajuan donated funds to rebuild the Shuangzhong Ancestral Hall on the upper side of the original site because of their deep admiration for the second duke.
In addition to the Lingwei Temple in Dongshan outside the city, the Shuangzhongxing Ancestral Hall at the north gate of the city, there are also the Lingdong Ancient Temple in Pinghe East, the Pagoda Hall behind the Wenguang Pagoda (rebuilt inside the West Gate), and the Shuangzhong Ancestral Hall in Longjing in the South Gate, which are considered to be the headquarters of the Shuangzhonggong, the on-site office space, the home room, the study, and the memorial hall in the folk! The shuangzhonggong of these five temples, on the occasion of the International Lord's Day in the New Year every year, all travel to the cotton city, which is a crowded alley.
After arriving in Miancheng from Haimen on the afternoon of September 26, he began to visit the ancestral hall of Zhao Chen Zheng Yao Xiao in a hurry, leaving the Zhao Cuo Ancestral Hall, the Chen Longtou Cuo, the copper gate Lu that could not be found, and the Zheng Clan Ancestral Hall Kong An Tang, and then went to the Yao Cuo Ancestral Hall. If you want to get to the Yao Cuo Ancestral Hall, you must pass through the Shuangzhongxing Ancestral Hall in the city, and by the way, you will go inside and take some photos.
Unfortunately, because I was really tired, whether it was aesthetic or shooting, I just casually patted it to make a record, and then I thought that the most important Shuangzhonggong office did not insist on shooting it. Here in the ancestral hall, it is finally built to the legendary kun, which is a rounded drum-shaped rectangle, the long four sides have a large auspicious, upper, middle, lower and lower parameters, it is said that when the calculation, in front of the double loyal gong to speak, and then by the palace or myself rolling kun, called ka kun, there must be a few parameters of the convention after conversion and the result. This is an ancient abacus instrument that Was brought back to Miancheng by Zhong Ying from Suiyang in the Song Dynasty.