"Comrades! Darkness is gone, and dawn is ahead! At the beginning of April, the Nanjing Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery Administration bureau launched the "Yuhua Heroic Martyrs' Original Songs" special webpage online, and among the 1519 known names of the Yuhua heroes buried in Nanjing Yuhuatai, for the first time, the 17 songs created by 6 Yuhua heroes were displayed to the society, causing strong social repercussions and letting people know the moving historical facts of the red songs created by the Yuhua heroes.
During the war-torn revolutionary war years, red music was both a trumpet and a spiritual banner. The smoke of the past has long since dissipated, but the shocking melody has never been forgotten, they record the original intention of Yuhua's heroic and resolute spirit and faith in the revolution, and have also become a powerful spiritual force for generations to move forward.
Dawn is ahead! He brought Soviet red songs back to China
"I am a small stone, buried deep in the dirt. I would like to pave a colorful road for people to greet the dawn and welcome joy..." The old song "I am a little stone" is the theme song of the TV series "Red Rain Flower Stone" in the 1980s, "Starting from this song, I know the story of the bravery and righteousness of thousands of revolutionary ancestors in Nanjing Yuhuatai." Zhou Quanying, a teacher at Nanjing Middle School, said that every time he went to Yuhuatai, the moving melody of this song would echo in his ears.
"In fact, before "Red Rain Flower Stone", there were many thrilling melodies reverberating in the hot land of Yuhuatai." Hu Zhuoran, a researcher in the exhibition department of the Yuhuatai Martyrs' Cemetery Administration, and his colleagues have long studied the heroic deeds of Yuhua, and they found that many heroic martyrs have participated in music creation in their revolutionary careers, "Many martyrs are well educated, have high artistic talent and talent, and have left not only heroic deeds, but also inspiring red songs." This is unique among heroic groups of martyrs throughout the country. Hu Zhuoran said.
Martyrs of the Ying Dynasty
"The wandering rivers and lakes reminisce about the old travel, so people live and die for thousands of years." He has been spared the troubles of the ordinary, and has left himself as a prisoner of pride. On April 29, 1931, one of the early leaders of the party, yun Daiying martyr, bravely took up his righteousness in Nanjing. In his early years, when he was teaching at the Anhui Provincial Fourth Normal School, he composed "Fenfei Qu" with another revolutionary, Xiao Chunu. "The future is long, the hairy feathers need to be abundant, once they fly hard", this song has become a school song that encourages students to study hard and work hard for the country, and it has been sung to this day.
Martyr Xie Wenjin
On April 11, 1927, the martyr Xie Wenjin, secretary of the Nanjing Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China, was killed by the Kuomintang reactionaries and his body was thrown into the Qinhuai River outside the Tongji Gate in Nanjing. People salvaged Xie Wenjin and other martyrs and buried them in Yuhuatai. Before his death, Xie Wenjin loved music very much, and as early as during his studies in the Soviet Union, he came into contact with the "Guangming Praise" that was widely sung in the Soviet Union. Xie Wenjin collaborated with the famous poet Xiao San to translate the lyrics of "Guangming Praise" into Chinese and bring it back to China. "Comrades! Darkness is gone, and dawn is ahead! "In the years of beacon fire, "Guangming Praise" has inspired generations of young people to embark on the revolutionary road without hesitation.
Yuan Guoping, who had served as director of the Political Department of the New Fourth Army, was one of the "Three Martyrs of the Southern Anhui Incident" buried in Yuhuatai, and as early as the period of the agrarian revolution, he created the "Victory Song of the Third Revolutionary War" that stimulated the morale of the commanders and fighters of the Red Army. In 1939, he and his comrades-in-arms collectively composed the lyrics of the "New Fourth Army Military Song", and the composer He Shide said afterwards: "In the process of composing the military song, it was mainly Director Yuan Guoping who inspired me. ”
Yuan Zhenwei, the son of General Yuan Guoping, recalled that when he was a young student, Uncle Chen Yi personally said to him: "Your father was a famous propagandist and agitator, very talented, and the "Military Song of the New Fourth Army" was collectively created under his auspices. "East, east, we are the New Fourth Army of Iron!" At the head of the Yangtze River and on the banks of the Huai River, the magnificent "Military Song of the New Fourth Army" once encouraged the officers and men of the Iron Army to fight bravely, persist in guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines, and win one victory after another in the war against the Japanese and Kou.
"Plum Blossom Three Alleys", the ancient song was adapted into a red song
"Yuhua Is also good at recreating some songs familiar to the masses of the people and refilling the words so that they can play a role in inspiring the people's struggle." Hu Zhuoran told reporters that this "secondary creation" has spawned many red classic songs.
On May Day international labor day in 1921, workers in Changxindian, Beijing held a "labor memorial conference". At the meeting, a song adapted from the ancient song "Plum Blossom Three Alleys" was repeatedly sung by the crowd attending the meeting: "Beautiful and free, the world star, fight for my blood, sacrifice for him, we must sweep away all the power system, remember the good day of May 1st." The red flag is flying, embarking on the bright road, each doing his best, taking what he needs, not distinguishing between the rich and the poor, the responsibility is only mutual assistance, and I hope that everyone will strive to forge ahead. ”
Martyr Deng Zhongxia
The main creator of this lyric is the martyr Deng Zhongxia, the heroic martyr of Yuhua. Comrade Deng Zhongxia was a Marxist theoretician, and in May 1933, Deng Zhongxia, who insisted on underground work in the White District, was unfortunately arrested and taken to Nanjing, where he bravely took up his righteousness at Yuhuatai on September 21 of the same year. According to books such as "The Best of Chinese Poetry", this song re-filled by "Plum Blossom Three Alleys" is "the earliest song in China to commemorate 'May Day'".
"Plum Blossom Three Alleys" is one of the top ten ancient chinese songs, showing the noble character of plum blossoms, and its spiritual connotation is highly consistent with the noble revolutionary sentiments of Yuhua's heroic martyrs. Yun Daiying also adapted "Plum Blossom Three Alleys", which was on the seventh anniversary of the "Twenty-one" National Shame Day in May 1922, and he used the score of "Plum Blossom Three Alleys" to fill in the lyrics into "National Shame Song", which was widely sung: "The parade warns my compatriots, can the national shame be known?" May 9th of 4 years, don't forget! Who cut me the island of Taiwan? Who is eating my Manchuria? Who occupies my Shandong Province? Suddenly, the conditions were raised, and the army and sea arrived at the same time. Look at how fierce it is, how good should we be? Twenty-one articles of origin, who in the world does not know! I was forty-eight o'clock, and I promised to do nothing wrong. The poor government was too absurd, and the poor people howled in the air to see that they could not delay any longer, so they had to agree to it all! Now, after seven years, such a deep hatred has not yet been repaid. Whenever we work together to protect China, we must all blame our compatriots. "The Song of National Shame" is like a war song calling on the people to rise up and defend the rights and interests of the country, stirring people's hearts.
On May 6, 1930, Yun Daiying was arrested and imprisoned in the "Central Military Prison" outside the Jiangdong Gate of Nanjing. In prison, he adapted the widely circulated folk "school music song" "Su Wu MuYang" into "Harsh Punishment Song":
"Harsh punishment, the world does not know!' Bao inquired about 'arresting people for lynching to force confessions, tiger stools, three hangings, electrocution is really difficult, immediately come to hang, hands and feet are tied together, cold water on the nostrils, skin whips on the body, three times over, dead and alive, it is really inhumane. In the second half of the lyrics, he encourages the victims to adhere to their ideals and beliefs and fight the enemy to the end: "Do not admit it until death, the will must be firm, the flesh suffers, and the spirit will never be infalant." Turn around and kill all corrupt officials to take revenge. ”
During the Republic of China, "Su Wu Shepherd" was circulated in the north and south of the great river. In order to call on the people to rise up and fight the war, he used the tune of "Su Wu Muyang" to fill in the song "Eighty-Three", which used many dialects familiar to the people of Wudi, such as "We (we)" and "Drive out (drive away)", "August 13" conveyed to the people the confidence that as long as the army and the people are united, the war of resistance will be won: "I am the people, everyone has one heart." No matter how old, no matter how young, let's fight together... The military and the people united to drive out the Toyo soldiers. ”
In his dark cell, he used music as a weapon of struggle
Among the heroes of Yuhua, researchers also found a martyr who can be called a composer, who was born in Liuhe, Nanjing, and was one of the 'Five Martyrs of Beiping' on the underground front of our party.
Martyr Zhao Liangzhang
Zhao Liangzhang was smart and studious from an early age, and studied at the Nanjing Private Youth Association Middle School in his early years. After the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Zhao Liangzhang threw himself into the army and was admitted to the "Central Air Force Non-Commissioned Officer School." At the military academy, he told his classmates: "If I am asked to participate in the War of Resistance Against Japan after graduation, I can shed blood and die; but if I am asked to participate in the civil war and fight the Communist Party, I will fly a plane to the revolution." ”
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Zhao Liangzhang joined the Communist Party of China, and at the behest of the party, he secretly lurked in the Kuomintang Air Force Headquarters, and under the cover of his position as an intelligence staff officer, he collected a large amount of important information such as the number, personnel, types and number of Fighter planes of the Kuomintang Air Force units stationed in North China. In October 1947, due to the destruction of the underground radio station by the enemy, Zhao Liangzhang was unfortunately arrested and imprisoned in Nanjing. Before his sacrifice, he wrote in his suicide note to a friend: "I am righteous with courage and faith. Although I have fallen, my tenacious character still makes my spirit never perish." In 1948, Zhao Liangzhang bravely fought in Nanjing, at the age of 27.
"Zhao Liangzhang is versatile and a young man who loves life and loves art." In various historical materials and documents, researchers found that Zhao Liangzhang had published more than a dozen pieces of music under pen names such as "Wild Snow". "Zhao Liangzhang's initial release of songs began in 1941, and since then he has successively composed such anti-war songs as "Our Contingent is On The March," "We Only Shot After Catching the Enemy," "Night Navigation Song," "Snowflakes Drifting," "I Can't Put Down the Gun," "A Lotus Leaf Drops of Dew," "The Cold Of the North Wind," "We Got Closer to Spring," and "Guerrilla March," which reflected the suffering life of the people under the iron hooves of the Japanese Kou, greatly encouraged the fighting morale of the anti-Japanese armed forces, and conveyed to the people the strong confidence of the victory of the War of Resistance."
In prison, Zhao Liangzhang's "Prisoner's Song" is a vivid portrayal of Yuhua's heroic persistence in the prison struggle, and the tone of grief and indignation is full of unyielding enthusiasm. The first half of the song shows the abuse of prisoners in enemy prisons: "Unable to sleep peacefully at night, not seeing the sun during the day", "long hair, rotten clothes, thin as wood in the mouth". In the second half, Zhao Liangzhang appealed to the victims to continue the struggle in a high-spirited tone, "The volcano will eventually have a day to extinguish, and it will be dark before dawn." "When the prisoner wants to be liberated, when the time comes, he will rise up and rebel, break the cage and run away."
Inheriting the red gene, the revolutionary song continues to be sung
More than seventy years after the smoke of gunfire has dissipated, the red revolutionary songs left by the heroes and martyrs of Yuhua still shine with their artistic brilliance and spiritual strength through historical time and space.
Researchers at the Yuhuatai Martyrs' Cemetery have been collecting, collating and utilizing this unique red cultural heritage. After the martyr Yun Daiying sacrificed that year, the lyrics of the "Harsh Punishment Song" he composed were recalled and preserved by comrades who escaped from danger. The researchers collaborated with the music teachers of Nanjing Mochouhu Primary School to compare the original score of "Suwu Muyang" published in the Journal of Shenyang Conservatory of Music, and restored the song that once reverberated in the black prison, and the children performed the children's voice interpretation and moved the red song into the classroom.
The mochou lake primary school choir sang a song adapted by the martyr Yun Daiying
During this year's Qingming Festival, the MV of Zhao Liangzhang's original song "The Closer We Get to Spring" was played during the cloud festival sweep held by the Yuhuatai Martyrs Cemetery", which touched thousands of viewers. At the beginning of April, the original song promotion page of Yuhua Heroic Martyr was launched, and the audience can listen to the red songs created by Yuhua Heroic Martyrs online, enter the hearts of martyrs in the melody, and pay tribute to the heroes.
Although the martyrs are gone, the song has been lingering for a long time. As a unique part of Nanjing's red culture, the "red song" left by the heroes of Yuhua will always inspire people today to inherit the red gene, carry forward the heroic spirit of Yuhua, and continue to struggle on the journey of the new era.
Source: Xinhua Newspaper Network
Reporter: Yu Feng
Web Editor: Tribute
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