Recently, a feature film reflecting the process of rural land reform, "Land History", was nominated for the Best Original Screenplay Award and the Best Small and Medium Cost Feature Film at the 30th Golden Rooster Awards, and won the Outstanding Screenwriter Award at the 16th China Film Huabiao Awards. The artistic success of the film need not be repeated, but in my opinion, this is still a film with "interpretation" significance, which has made a very vivid artistic interpretation for the reform of China's land system in recent years, especially for the issues involving the fundamental land rights and interests of rural areas, such as land confirmation and land circulation.
The story takes place in fenghuangtai village at the foot of Pingding Mountain. Fenghuangtai, a typical Chinese village, has undergone changes in the rural land system of dividing up the land, the people's commune, the large package of dry land, and the land circulation, and the ups and downs of the villagers' lives have also been deeply carved into their own acres and three points of land.
In the new period, the land of Fenghuangtai has set off a huge wave, and the two brothers, Ma Tiangui, secretary of the village party committee and director of the village committee, and Ma Tianyuan, a real estate developer, have joined hands to take advantage of the trend of developing modern agriculture, but what they are doing is to encircle the land and engage in non-agricultural construction. New hatred and old resentment broke out at the moment when the land line was about to be taken away, and under the leadership of the villager leader Ma Laohou, the villagers of Fenghuangtai held the land certificate in their hands and vowed to die against the Ma Tiangui brothers.
At the beginning of the movie, the village woman Yuzhi desperately climbed on Ma Tiangui's son's excavator, hung herself on the machine rake, and used her life to block the digging and destroying the ridge. The dependence and insistence of the croppers on the land is unimaginable to the people in the city, and it is even more difficult for the businessmen who hold capital to go to the countryside to understand. I give you rent, I also help you farm, what hatred and resentment between you and me? What these businessmen cannot understand is the weight of the sense of security that the land can give to the peasants, nor what the loss of this sense of security means for the farmers. In fact, if they do not understand the peasants' feelings for the land, they will not be able to fully assess the far-reaching impact of the peasants' loss of security on the investment environment of capital going to the countryside.
On another dimension, land circulation is urgent or slow, and it has also made waves in the ranks of grass-roots cadres. Kong Xiangnan, the young secretary of the town party committee, was anxious to achieve political achievements, believing that the development of modern agriculture only owed a "large area of land" to the east wind, and it was necessary to "voluntarily" but "necessarily" transfer land before the provincial working group came down. However, Han Changhe, the mayor of the town who worked with the secretary, is a grassroots veteran cadre who has a deep and intricate relationship and is experienced in doing things; in his view, rural work is slow and round, land is the lifeblood of the peasants, and forced circulation will cause big problems.
White painting is a rare and valuable point of "Land History", a few strokes, outlining the living countryside of the moment, and the lines that come from life are all confusing and reflective.
Any reform should benefit the majority of the people, but farmers have land and no money, so what can they do with modern agriculture? They can only firmly guard the fruits of the division of fields to the ground, and collectively fall into the dilemma of development. How to improve the responsibility system for co-production contracting under the premise of adhering to the nature of collective ownership of rural land, not only to ensure basic farmland and food security, but also to increase farmers' income through standardized circulation? A series of issues need to be carefully studied in the course of reform.
In the film, Han Changhe flipped through a large number of policy materials, and finally put forward the suggestion of "first confirming rights and then transferring", which reassured the villagers and completely stirred up the Ma brothers' abacus of appropriating the land for themselves. With the help of advanced technology, measuring the size and size, clarifying the four to the boundary, "confirming the right, issuing iron certificates", no matter where the land is transferred, the map is clear at a glance, which is the meaning of the land right confirmation.
In reality, the proposal and practice of land confirmation is not the long talk between Han Changhe and Ma Laohou on the top of the Phoenix Platform in the film, and the old cropper Han immediately realized that he could not afford to kneel in one stroke. The pilot work of confirming the rights of contracted land has begun since 2009, from the initial pilot of village groups to the expansion of the scope of promotion of the whole province, and now it has gone for 7 years. The hardships and wisdom of this may be enough to make another huge production to be better presented.
By 2035, the Chinese population will reach 1.6 billion people, China's urbanization rate or will reach 70%, calculated, there are still 30% of farmers - 480 million farmers, equivalent to the current 7 French population, 1.5 American population, 3.7 Japanese population. When the great wheel of industrialization rolls forward, the tide of urbanization is irreversible, and the development of modern agriculture becomes an inevitable choice for dialogue between China's agriculture and the world, how to face this sudden impact and pressure on thousands of scattered and weak peasants in rural areas may become the key to determining the success or failure of rural reform.
Only Nongsang is in the world. This "Land Chronicle" not only shows the complexity and great significance of the current land work, but also reminds us to innovate ideas and working methods on the basis of adhering to the bottom line thinking. Land should not become the greed of a few, nor should it be the achievement of those who are officials. To reform the land system, we must first think about what the "worst" may be, where the "bottom line" is, and whether there is a way out. Only by carefully designing and adhering to the bottom line on this basis can we complete a reform that benefits the majority of the people and truly find a correct path for agricultural and rural development in the new period.