"History is a little girl dressed up."
I believe that everyone has heard this sentence when listening to the teacher explain history. Not only the teachers who teach the class, but also many scholars hold this view. History is a thing of the past, and the past did not have so many advanced means to record history, and there will indeed be many less objective places based on the records of the officials alone. Even if the person who wrote history is objective and fair, a person's vision is ultimately limited, and what he knows is difficult to say that it is not a blind eye.
"History is written by the victors." This is also a very important reason, coupled with the oil and vinegar that has been handed down for many years, history may not be the original appearance for a long time, so when reading history, it is still necessary to maintain a little spirit of doubt.
Just like the story of the "lying on the salary and tasting the guts" that we are very familiar with, the history books portray the hook as an image of a person who has become a big thing, a reclusive, and a weak person, but is the real history really like this? The famous scholar Yi Zhongtian once said: Yue Wang Gou Jian is not a good person, and the story of lying down and tasting courage is very unsuitable as a textbook story, and I suggest not to tell it again.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" >01 The true face of hooking</h1>
The well-known "lying down and tasting the guts" is probably to tell the story of the Yue kingdom being attacked by the Wu kingdom, the Yue king Gou Jian in order to keep his own life, sent a lot of money and beauty to the Wu king, and finally Gou Jian was a prisoner in the Wu state for 3 years.
During these 3 years, Gou Jian was tortured, and after returning to his country at the end of the 3 years, in order to keep himself from forgetting this experience, he slept on a straw mat every day and tasted bitter bile with his tongue to motivate himself to work hard. In the end, the State of Yue became stronger and stronger under the rule of Gou Jian, and after a few years the State of Wu was destroyed.
This historical story is often used to describe a person who is hard-working and self-reliant, striving to be strong, and his gouge has also been portrayed as a very positive image. Tough, strong, able to endure hardships, as if all the adjectives to describe strong can be put on him, but how many people know the real hook?
We all know that Gou Jian raised an army to destroy the Wu kingdom after he tried his guts, but the means of destroying the country were really a bit cruel. During the attack on the State of Wu, Gou Jian arranged hundreds of prisoners before the army, and these prisoners did not go to war, but went to die, which was a real sense of death.
When he first arrived at wu guocheng, he ordered hundreds of prisoners to kill themselves on the spot, in order to give wu soldiers a "dismount", but this dismount was really scary, so that hundreds of people killed themselves on the battlefield, you can see how fierce the Yue king is.
After successfully attacking the State of Wu, Gou Jian began to slaughter the city, even the old and weak women and children did not spare, and the cruelty was jaw-dropping. From a historical point of view, generally for the cities that have been attacked, they will rest and recuperate, and only barbarian invasion will do the immoral thing of slaughtering the city, and the abuse is actually for their own selfish desires, which has harmed thousands of people.
Having said that, if there was no open side of King Wu's net, how could he have come after the Gou Jian, in time, he was afraid that King Wu would make a comeback like him, and there was no need to slaughter his people!
The fierceness of the practice is not only reflected in this one thing, but also in the matter of borrowing grain. Ancient agriculture was all about destiny, and it was very normal for the harvest to be good or bad, so there was an unwritten rule between various countries, that is, borrowing grain. When one country is short of food, it will borrow food from another country, after all, if a neighboring country causes a famine, its own life will not be better.
One year, there was a famine in the state of Wu, and he borrowed grain from Gou Jian, but Gou Jian had a bad heart and lent the steamed seeds to the state of Wu, so that the people of the state of Wu had no harvest all year round, and many people died of famine. However, just a few years ago, Wu Guocai borrowed grain from Yue Guo to help Yue Guo get through the hardships, and it was not a gentleman's style to practice such a favor to take revenge.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" >02 History of Untrustworthiness</h1>
Not only is the story of Yue Wang's gouge, there are many stories in history that we are very familiar with are actually unreal, and even a little "ruined childhood" feeling. Just like the Kong Rong we know well makes the Hole in the pear melt, in our hearts we have always thought that he is a person who respects the old and loves the young, but this is not the case.
Historically, the later Kong Rong was untamed, deviant, and often did a lot of things that violated etiquette, and finally ended up with a "great rebellion, it is advisable to be extremely reproachful" and was killed by Cao Cao.
There are countless such things in history, and many of the literati and scholars we think of actually have many unbearable experiences, but what we learn is often a very shallow part.
Of course, many people who have been heinous in history have also made great achievements of their own. For example, Qin Shi Huang was considered a tyrant in history, but he unified the six kingdoms and left many ways of governing the country for future generations, which are indelible facts in history.
The same is true of the Sui Dynasty Emperor, who only sees his fainting, labor and wealth, but forgets that the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal he excavated still plays a very important role and has become an important waterway for communication between the north and the south of China.
Historical dishonesty is mainly caused by two aspects. On the one hand, the record of history is originally artificial, with a very strong non-objectivity, history will be affected by the level of knowledge of the recorder, the perspective from which the consciousness of thinking has looked at things, and it is impossible to say that things are presented as they are. Coupled with the rewriting of history through many dynasties and generations, and the addition of folk history, even if the history recorded in that year is objective and true, it has been circulated for hundreds of years, and it has long since changed its flavor.
On the other hand, in the modern telling of history, our earliest contact with history is in the student era, in this era it is difficult to contact knowledge is difficult to be comprehensive, whether it is the teacher's narration or the preparation of teaching materials are only selected as a part of the knowledge to impart to students, and the students themselves have long been defined when receiving these histories, and when looking at history, they naturally become frogs at the bottom of the well. Unless you later go on to study at a university, many people are always blinded by a corner of history.
Both of these causes create a history of untrustworthiness, and the history of untrustworthiness has been misleading us.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" >03 restore the truth of history</h1>
History has errors, so how can we avoid being misled by these erroneous histories? Teacher Yi Zhongtian once gave the answer, that is, to look at history with the eyes of the masses, what does this mean?
We need to understand that the protagonists of history are not princes and generals, but generations of ordinary people. To look at it from the perspective of the masses is to let us pay more attention to the lower classes when we look at history, and to pay more attention to the lower classes in the long run.
Just like the excavation of the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, it may have been a very cruel thing for the people at that time, but the merit lies in the thousands of autumns, the benefit lies in the ten thousand generations, and only in the long run can we see the truth of history, and do not be blinded by the content of a page and make up our minds.
There is also a way to see the truth of history, that is, to see more and think more, to see more about the narration of different scholars, and to see how people of different dynasties and different identities and statuses look at this matter; think more, history is not a story, every piece of history is a story that really happened, and it is possible to happen again, all of us when we look at history absolutely can not be seen as a story, we should think clearly about his antecedents and consequences, so as to be closer to the truth of history.
Learning to restore the truth of history should be what everyone who reads history should do, but "a thousand readers, there are a thousand Hamlets." "Everyone feels the history is different, as for who is right and who is wrong, the past is not investigated, we do not need to be entangled in this matter, what we need to do is to learn what in history, take history as a mirror, whether it is to enrich the individual or serve the country is a very good choice."
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" > summary</h1>
Looking at reality from history, reality will become history, and it is said that reading history will make people wise, but reading wrong history will only do a hundred harms and no benefits, and learning how to look at history, learning how to think about history, and learning how to turn the things in history into their own use is the most important.
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