After the Liberation War broke out, the Kuomintang troops launched a fierce attack on the Liberated Areas, Yan Xishan sent tens of thousands of troops to launch a sweep of the Jinzhong Liberated Areas, and his subordinate 72nd Division Commander Ai Ziqian led 3 regiments into Wenshui County to "sweep" and arrest nearby Communist personnel.
Due to the deterioration of the revolutionary situation, the Wenshui County CPC Committee, in order to protect the revolutionary personnel, decided to transfer a large number of cadres of the organs to the mountains, leaving only a small number of comrades to continue the struggle.
Because Liu Hulan was only fifteen years old at the time, the organization included her in the transfer list, however, after she learned about it, she not only did not transfer, but resolutely stayed in the revolution, on the grounds that her age was relatively young, coupled with the familiar revolutionary environment, the work was easier to carry out, after organizational thinking, decided to let Liu Hulan stay in Yunzhou West Village to continue the revolution.
Because the 72nd Division was stationed in Wenshui County, after having military strength, Yan Xishan immediately appointed his confidant as the governor of Wenshui County, and reappointed a number of village chiefs, and the village chief of Yunzhou West Village was Shi Peihuai.
After this person took office, in order to win the trust of Yan Xishan, he actively acted as his lackey, and since the beginning of his term of office, he has gone to the countryside to collect grain, which has greatly affected the lives of the people, and many people have given him the nickname "dog village chief".
Liu Hulan was naturally indignant at this "dog village chief" of the fish and meat people, and she immediately reported Shi Peihuai's counter-revolutionary behavior to her superiors, and Xu Guangyuan, the head of Wenshui County of the COMMUNIST Party, ordered the execution of this person.
On December 21, 1946, under the sentry of Liu Hulan, the members of the armed forces team, led by the district chief Chen Dezhao, secretly executed Shi Peihuai. However, his death frightened the big landlord bullies in the village, who were afraid of being reprised and liquidated by our party, so they jointly organized a "revenge team" and vowed to catch the murderer.
Regarding Shi Peihuai's death, Zhang Derun, secretary of the pseudo-village office, believed that it should be the district governor Chen Dezhao and his brother "Fisheye Iii" and the female communist Liu Hulan and others who plotted to kill him, and then sent the information to the 1st Battalion of the 215th Regiment.
Zhang Derun reported to Feng Xiaoyi in person the details of Shi's killing, and reflected the problem of the landlords in the village being criticized by the enemy, and also reported the list of cadres, family members, and activists in the village, such as Shi Liu'er, Zhang Niancheng, Jin Xian'er, Shi Wuze, and others.
On January 12, 1947, Ai Ziqian, commander of the 72nd Division, sent a 215th regiment to raid the village of Yunzhouxi and surrounded the village, because of the betrayal of traitors, Liu Hulan and seven other communists and progressive elements were captured by the enemy.
In fact, as early as the evening of the 11th, Chen Dezhao said that the revolutionary situation was relatively tense and hoped that Liu Hulan would seize the opportunity to enter the mountain. Liu Hulan expressed his willingness to obey the orders of the organization, but because the martial arts team had a task that night, he did not take it away.
On the 12th, Liu Hulan got up early to pack his bags and prepared to get up and leave, but who knew that the enemy's troops had arrived, and the villagers were successively driven to the square on the west side of the Guanyin Temple.
Liu Hulan saw that the situation was critical, and thought of hiding in the neighbor's house where she had just given birth, usually the soldiers would not search the home of a confinement woman. However, when I first arrived at the neighbor's house, I found several people hiding here.
Liu Hulan, fearing that he would affect others, immediately rushed to the Guanyin Temple Square, where Shi Sanhuai and six others were being tortured by the enemy. The enemy captain Lu Defang saw Liu Hulan at a glance and quickly sent someone to arrest her and ask her to tell the secret.
Don't look at Liu Hulan's young age, but in the face of the enemy's inducements and threats, she did not waver in her determination, and righteously said: "Those who are afraid of death are not the Communist Party!" Lu Defang was furious when she heard this, and detained her with six other "criminals".
Zhang Quanbao, the commissioner of the 1st Battalion of the 215th Regiment, Hou Yuyin, deputy commander of the 1st Battalion, and Xu Desheng, commander of the 2nd Company of the 1st Battalion, read out the "charges" of the seven Communists, asking the villagers in the village to continue to "expose" the crimes of these people and said that they would be rewarded heavily. To the surprise of the enemy, however, not a single villager spoke.
Because Liu Hulan was relatively young, Xu Desheng thought that as long as she frightened her, she would be able to stop confessing, and asked: "Besides you, who else is a communist in your village?" ”
Liu Hulan said without fear: "I am the only one, the others are ordinary people, please let them go!" ”
Zhang Quanbao saw that this female communist party member was quite stubborn and threatened: "You confess! (Yan Xishan coined the phrase to explain his true relationship with the Communist Party and to give more accomplices!) ）
Despite the enemy's threats, Liu Hulan was still not afraid, she said: "I will not give in, I will not submit to death, I will not surrender when I die, and I will not surrender when I die. ”
Zhang Quanbao originally wanted to intimidate Liu Hulan so that he could take the initiative to confess more secrets about our party, but who knew that she would not eat and eat the penalty wine.
Zhang Quanbao thought that the other party wanted benefits, so he said: "As long as you confess, you will give your family a piece of land, okay?" ”
Liu Hulan smiled after listening to it, and she responded domineeringly: "Even if you give me a golden man here, I will not confess!" Zhang Quanbao was so angry that he quickly pulled out the torture device "Cutter" and pushed her onto the cutter, while Liu Hulan's mother and twelve-year-old sister were watching from the sidelines.
Fearing retaliation from the Communists, Zhang Quanbao, Xu Desheng and others did not dare to kill Liu Hulan with their own hands, but instead threatened the villagers to be executioners, but the villagers were indifferent and none of them stepped forward. At this time, the enemy set up a machine gun, and its muzzle was also aimed at the villagers, but still no one agreed.
Liu Hulan did not want innocent people to be injured or killed, and took the initiative to take the initiative to go to the knife, and in this way, at the age of fifteen, she died heroically, while the other six revolutionaries were also killed by the enemy.
After Liu Hulan and seven other martyrs bravely took up their righteousness, the soldiers and civilians of Wenshui County spoke up for them one after another and shouted slogans such as "eliminating the warlords of the Yan clan" and liberating Wenshui. And because Zhang Baoquan is the main "murderer" and has a big beard, his image is very recognizable, and he was spit on by the people for a while.
Two months after Liu Hulan's inauguration, the chairman was leading the central authorities to fight in northern Shaanxi, when he heard about Liu Hulan's sacrifice. Therefore, the former did not know the name of Liu Hulan, and the chairman asked: "Is this female doll a member of the Communist Party?" ”
Ren Bishi chimed in: "Yes, she is an excellent party member, serving as the secretary of the village women's salvation congress in 1945, and a year later as the officer of the 5th District Anti-Corruption League, and then she was recruited as a reserve party member and transferred to YunzhouXi Village to lead the agrarian revolution, and she was only fifteen years old when she died." ”
The chairman was very moved to learn that Liu Hulan had such a feat when he was only fifteen years old, and he immediately took out a blank piece of paper and wrote on it: "Great in life, glorious in death."
On February 2, 1947, the 359th Brigade attacked Wenshui County, and the enemy's 72nd Division and our army were defeated not long after the engagement, and they all raised their guns and surrendered, and the People's Liberation Army captured more than 1,500 officers and men alive.
For the main culprit who killed the martyr Liu Hulan, the People's Liberation Army also carried out a hunt and killing, and Lu Defang, the captain of the "revenge team" in Elephant Town, took advantage of the chaos of the war and fled disguised as a businessman.
Lü Defang's brother Lu Shanqing was also arrested, this person is a "3-material agent", the subordinates have a lot of blood debts, under the approval of the superiors to request the shooting, but postponed to the day of the memorial day of Liu Hulan martyrs, and then detained in the training class for interrogation.
Because Lü Shanqing never saw his brother Lu Defang and thought that he had been killed, he was confronted with interrogation by the guards, and he pushed all the conspiracy activities on Lu Defang, saying that he did not know the inside story, and was later suppressed and shot.
After that, the People's Liberation Army arrested Wu Jinchuan, Bai Zhanlin, and others from the revenge team, but it never caught the main culprits Zhang Quanbao, Xu Desheng, Hou Yuyin, and others, but our party did not give up the pursuit and examination of those murderers.
After Liu Hulan's sacrifice, his heroic deeds quickly spread in North China, in order to praise this hero, the army's cultural and labor troupe also took his deeds as the theme, created a number of works in a short period of time, and performed in various places. With the efforts of literary and artistic personnel, the heroic image of Liu Hulan has been reshaped several times, and his deeds have also spread throughout the country.
Because he did not know what the name of the "bearded" Zhang Quanbao was, and through the soldiers' names, he knew that this person was a company commander and that he had a trademark beard, so he was called "bearded company commander" by literary and artistic personnel.
Under the investigation of many parties, it was learned that the attack on Yunzhou West Village was the 1st Battalion of the 215th Regiment, and the person responsible for the execution was 2 companies, and the commander of the 2nd Company at that time was Xu Desheng, who just happened to be full of beards, so Xu Desheng became the biggest suspect, and everyone called him "the bearded company commander".
In March 1950, the "town rebellion" movement began, and the villagers of Yunzhouxi Village actively participated, and one of the villagers said that when he was selling dates in Qi County, he found a person who looked similar to Xu Desheng. After receiving the report, the cadres and policemen of the Public Security Bureau immediately came to Qi County to investigate, and arrested Xu Desheng at the "Wanhetang" medicine shop.
It turned out that Xu Desheng was promoted to a key point for his "merits" in killing people, and soon became a battalion commander, and after the liberation of Wenshui County in February 1947, he came to Qi County to continue to rebel, wanting to gather reactionaries to confront the People's Liberation Army, but after the liberation of Qi County, he fled to JiaLing Town and became a gangster in the medicine shop, and was shot on April 4, 1951, which was also the first "main culprit" who killed Liu Hulan and other martyrs.
It was thought that after Xu Desheng was shot, Liu Hulan and other martyrs could rest in peace, but in the spring of 1951, a counter-revolutionary named Wang Mingxuan was welcomed in the Wanquan Detention Center in Shanxi, and he was ordered to be shot at trial.
At that time, Wang Mingxuan learned that the report was meritorious and could mitigate the crime, slandering Wang Liancheng as a backbone counter-revolutionary. Because the other party had served as a secret agent in the Yan clan, the police quickly arrested him and sentenced him to death. In order to save his life, Wang Liancheng also decided to report and expose the criminals in order to seek the opportunity to make meritorious atonement for his sins.
But who should report it? Wang Liancheng thought about it, and zhang Quanbao came to mind, the other party had been his boss, and he was the main culprit who killed Liu Hulan. However, in the play, the company commander Xu Desheng was regarded as the main culprit who killed Liu Hulan.
Wang Liancheng said that he was captured by Yan Jun in 1945 as a Zhuang Ding and assigned to the machine gun company of the 1st Battalion of the 215th Regiment, while Zhang Quanbao was a commissioner of the 1st Battalion and instructor of the Machine Gun Company, so he was very familiar with Zhang's evil deeds.
Immediately, he reported the situation to the detention center, and when Li Yongtai, director of the Public Security Bureau, heard about it, he hurriedly reported the matter to the county magistrate Wang Qinsheng. When he learned that the main culprit who killed Liu Hulan was someone else, Wang Qinsheng was shocked, and he and Li Yongtai focused on interrogating Wang Liancheng.
Wang Liancheng told the ins and outs of the matter and informed Zhang Baoquan of his residence. He said that after the liberation of Taiyuan, he became a prisoner of the People's Liberation Army, and after 1 month of training, he was successfully released and returned to his hometown in Wanquan. Because there was nothing to do in the village, he went to Yuncheng to work and earn some money to support his family.
However, once when shopping, Wang Liancheng accidentally met his superior Zhang Quanbao, but the other party changed his appearance greatly, and the iconic beard was gone. Wang Lian thought that his old superior had been killed in the war, but he did not think that the other party was still alive.
Thinking of this, he patted Zhang Quanbao's shoulder, this action frightened Zhang Quanbao, after recognizing Wang Liancheng, whispered: "I changed my name, my name is Zhang Shenghao!" ”
In order not to expose his identity, Zhang Quanbao also invited Wang Liancheng to dinner. At the wine table, Zhang Quanbao repeatedly threatened him, saying that he would kill his entire family as long as he dared to expose. Wang Liancheng was too frightened to speak much, so he had to keep nodding his head.
County magistrate Wang Qinsheng believed that the information given by Wang Liancheng was true and reliable, and immediately reported the matter to the leaders of the Public Security Department of the Yuncheng Special Bureau, which attracted the attention of the leaders.
As early as February 1947, during the liberation of Wenshui, Zhang Quanbao was wounded by the People's Liberation Army, lay in a hospital bed for several months, and after recovering, he was appointed as the commander of the second lieutenant company, but in the liberation of Taiyuan, he was captured by the People's Liberation Army and sent to the farm for labor reform.
At that time, the authorities considered him to be just an ordinary company commander, and he was released on July 25, 1950, after which he returned to his hometown in Yuncheng. In order to hide his identity, he changed his name to Zhang Shenghao, cut off his beard, and started a small business.
In 1951, when the town anti-movement swept into Yuncheng, Zhang Quanbao was worried every day, afraid that he would be pulled out. One day, when he saw the news in the newspaper that Xu Desheng had been arrested and shot, he immediately panicked, he thought that Xu Desheng would definitely take him out, how to hide?
He cleverly changed his own vegetable kiln into a ground kiln, and asked his wife to go outside and say: "Sheng Hao has left and gone to his hometown in Shandong." ”
The Yuncheng Public Security Bureau quickly investigated Zhang Quanbao and found that the door of his home was closed, and the paving was run by his wife, and Zhang Quanbao was never seen. The Public Security Bureau learned new clues through a visit to Zhang Quanbao's neighbors.
Neighbors said that Zhang Quanbao should be at home, his daughter-in-law has been buying a lot of vegetables every day, and often carry the urinal into the toilet, if there is no one at home, where is so much and urine?
Zhang Quanbao
According to the police analysis, Zhang Quanbao should be hiding somewhere in his home, because he considered that the other party had experience as a soldier, may have a gun in his hand, and committed a major crime of killing his head, and may break a fish dead net, so the public security bureau has adopted a way of encircling and raiding.
On May 8, 1951, more than 20 police officers from the Yuncheng Public Security Bureau surrounded Zhang Quanbao's home and raided in the early hours of the morning. At this time, Zhang Quanbao was eating, and he was arrested before he could react.
When Zhang Quanbao saw the police coming, he still calmly asked, "What crime have I committed?" Why did you arrest me? The police saw that he was still in disguise, and directly named him as the main culprit who killed the martyr Liu Hulan.
After listening, Zhang Quanbao was directly stunned, he did not want his identity to be exposed so quickly, he knew that he could not hide. Under police interrogation, he confessed to the killing of seven martyrs. In order to be able to reduce the sentence, he also confessed to another main criminal, Hou Yuyin, saying that the two of them had killed Liu Hulan together.
It is worth mentioning that before the Yuncheng public security took action, Hou Yuyin was arrested by the masses and sent to the Wanquan County Public Security Bureau for interrogation. Under the conclusive evidence, Hou Yuyin had to admit guilt.
The three main culprits were arrested one after another, and Wang Qinsheng, the governor of Wanquan County, immediately wrote a letter to report to the chairman and explained the situation to Mother Liu. Soon, Wang Qinsheng's letter was published, attracting national attention, and under the strong recommendation of the society, the Shanxi government interrogated Hou Yuyin and Zhang Baoquan in front of the tomb of liu Hulan martyr, and they were shot on June 24 of the same year.
It is worth mentioning that Wang Liancheng was exempted from the death penalty and commuted to three years' imprisonment for his meritorious reporting. Later, Wang Liancheng asked for a re-examination, which was known to be a wrongful arrest and he was acquitted.
However, the real murderers who killed the martyr Liu Hulan were all arrested one by one, and the public security organs were curious, who was the traitor who betrayed Liu Hulan in the first place? According to the information on the trial of Hou and Zhang, they both said that the traitor was a native of Yunzhou Xicun.
In "Liu Hulan", released in 1952, it is implied that the underground traffic officer Shi Sanhuai is a character who betrayed Liu Hulan, in fact, this is a wrongdoing to him, but the real traitor has always been at ease.
In September 1958, Chen Delin (Chen Dezhao's 6th brother), then the head of organization in Jishou County, Hunan Province, and other victims' families reported Shi Wuze's suspicious deeds, believing that he was most likely a traitor.
After receiving the report, the public security organs investigated Shi Wuze, however, until the end of that year, many villagers still reported and provided new information suspecting that he was a traitor, but because the time interval was too long and there was not enough evidence, the matter was shelved.
It was not until September 1959 that Zheng Lin, vice governor of Shanxi Province, arrived in Xicun, Yunnan Province, to inspect the work, and with the reflection of local villagers, he learned of the shelved case and immediately asked the political and legal organs to quickly handle and resolve the case.
The secretary of the county party committee hastily organized personnel to analyze and reported to the prefectural party committee, which appointed key personnel to conduct an investigation, investigated more than ten places in 2 months, narrowed the target suspects, listed three traitors such as Shi Wuze as key targets, and arrested them.
In September of the following year, Wenshui County public security officers arrested Zhang Derun, who had written materials. The central authorities attached great importance to this case and urged Shanxi to set up a joint task force to investigate the case and thoroughly investigate the people who betrayed Liu Hulan and other martyrs.
With the joint efforts of all parties, on May 30, 1960, the joint task force arrived in Wenshui and conducted a six-month investigation, which clarified the truth about the rebellion of Shi Wuze, Han Raji, and Zhang Sheng'er.
Shi Wuze joined the party in October 1939, and was one of the first three people to join the party in YunzhouXi Village, and has always held important positions and is Liu Hulan's superior. However, he is more sinister, his life style is not too good, he likes to eat, drink and have fun, and his relationship with the landlord Duan Er's widow is not clear, which has attracted many villagers' jokes.
At that time, the Women's Committee called on women to make military shoes for the PLA to ensure that soldiers on the front line had shoes to wear. However, Duan Er's widow used the insole of straw paper that year. Platon soldiers travel several kilometers a day, walk on the most dangerous roads every day, rely heavily on the shoes under their feet, the shoes are firm, the marching speed is faster, and they can also seize the opportunity in combat.
If Duan Er's widow's shoes were really worn by the soldiers of the People's Liberation Army, it would be a disaster. Liu Hulan was very angry when he learned about it, and did not think that this landlord widow was so stingy and slammed the door, so she beat all these shoes back and asked them to redo.
Duan Er's widow found Shi Wuze and hoped that the other party could explain it to herself. However, Liu Hulan not only did not obey, but instead reported his behavior of shielding the widow.
After reviewing the matter, the party committee removed Shi Wuze from his post as secretary of the peasant association and expelled him from the party. After the enemy invaded Wenshui County, the organization did not let him go up the mountain to hide, which made him very depressed, and decided to take revenge on our party and reported the list of party members in Yunzhou West Village to the enemy.
On December 26, 1946, the "revenge team" composed of bullies in Tianxiang Town, under the leadership of captain Lu Defang, came to Yunzhou West Village, and after arriving in the village, Lu Defang connived with his men to rob everywhere, and rushed to the home of his father-in-law Shi Chunyi, and went with him to the home of Duan Er's widow, where he met with the traitor Shi Wuze.
During the conversation, Shi Wuze said that the person who killed the "dog village chief" was Chen Dezhao, the mayor of the second district. Immediately after, Lu Defang sent the bully team members to Chen Dezhao's house and snatched everything up. Immediately after that, the bandits drove Chen Dezhao's uncle out of the house and burned down his house with a fire. When the fire was finished, the enemy pulled the eighteen carts of grain and clothing that had been looted and left.
After Witnessing all this, Liu Hulan immediately passed on the enemy's crimes and the names of the evil bandits to the traffic officer Shi Sanhuai, and then reported them to Chen Dezhao through him. At this time, Shi Wuze also reported what he had learned in recent days to Lu Defang, and held a fifth meeting with him, this time, he betrayed the entire list of communists in Yunzhou West Village.
It was this list that the enemy raided Yunzhou West Village on January 8, 1947, and under the leadership of Xu Desheng, captured Shi Sanhuai, Shi Liu'er, Shi Wuze and others, and Shi Wu knew that he had to cooperate with the act, so he was not nervous.
Under interrogation, Shi Sanhuai and Shi Liu'er recorded that Gan was tortured and tortured, and still did not betray the party organization, but Shi Wuze and Han Laji confessed the list of Liu Hulan, Shi Shifang, and other Communists during the interrogation, which led to the january 12 incident in which Zhang Quanbao, Xu Desheng, and others led a battalion to attack Yunzhou West Village.
In fact, as early as October 1947, the local government had arrested Shi Wuze, but he resolutely refused to admit to betraying Liu Hulan's whereabouts, and because the evidence was difficult to find, he had to be released on December 23. However, after returning to the village, Shi Wuze hyped up Shi Sanhuai as a traitor and sent the information to the "Revenge Team".
Above the court, because there were many people who reported Shi Wuze, he had to admit his crimes, and Zhang Sheng'er and Han Raji also confessed guilt one after another and confessed to Zhang Derun. As a result, all the criminals who betrayed and killed Liu Hulan and the other seven martyrs were arrested, Shi Wuze and Shi Xiyu were executed, and others were punished accordingly, and the revolutionary martyrs were finally able to rest in peace.