Biography of Ibetsu
Jing Beimu was a great revolutionary who was called the "Great Pillar of the Northwest Revolution" by Dr. Sun Yat-sen. He was an early member of the League, studied in Japan three times, and had a good friendship with revolutionary friends such as Sun Yat-sen, Huang Xing, and Zhang Taiyan. After returning to China, he actively carried out revolutionary work in the Shaanxi region, and made great contributions to the overthrow of the manchu feudal dynasty and the establishment of the old democratic revolution of the Republic of China in modern China.
At the same time, it was also the pioneer of china's early socialist ideological trend. In 1908, he published an article in "Xia Sheng" entitled "Trends of Thought in the Twentieth Century": "The idea of the dictatorship has long since plummeted, and the past era has also been. That is, the liberal system has become a sunset sun, and it will be gone. And the black clouds cover the sky, and the great waves that rush into the sky are also the new trend of thought of socialism. "Today we want to go to the world of animals and beasts in which the weak eat the strong, and to reach a civilized world of peace and happiness, we will never achieve this goal unless we adopt socialism." It is called by many scholars as the first person to bring Marxism to Shaanxi.
Murder passed
In 1917, in order to prevent Duan Qirui from tearing up the Provisional Covenant Law, Sun Yat-sen launched a war to protect the law, and the National Revolutionary Army in Shaanxi established the Jingguo Army and launched an attack on Chen Shufan, the then governor of Shaanxi. The terrified Chen Shufan contacted Jing Beimu hoping that he could mediate from it, jing Beimu, as a revolutionary elder, naturally would not mediate, and when he arrived at the Jingguo Army, he was appointed as the commander-in-chief, which made Chen Shufan indignant. Jing Beimu then received a letter from Guo Jian, the commander of an army, telling him to go to Nanrenbao (but this place was the residence of the commander of an army battalion) to attend a military meeting to discuss plans. The retinue around him felt that something was wrong and hoped that Jing would not be cautious, but he believed that as long as it was good for the revolution, he was not afraid of sacrifice, so he resolutely decided to go. He was killed by Li Dongcai, the commander of an army battalion.
Li Dongcai, who had killed Jing Beimu, knew that he could not stay in Shaanxi, so he took the money and fled to Hankou, Wuhan, thinking that everything would be fine if he hid in the concession area. However, he ignored that Jing Beimu had an older brother, Jing Yuexiu, who was the guardian of Yulin Town at that time, and the area around northern Shaanxi was under his control. After knowing that his brother had been killed, he did not hesitate to spend a lot of money to buy Wang Zhanyuan, the overseer of Hankou, and searched for the whereabouts of Li Dongcai in Hankou. On the way, Jing Yuexiu also asked people to stick a needle from him every day, and Li Dongcai, who was sent to Yulin, had been pierced into a hedgehog. Later, it was only ended by Jing Yuexiu's abdomen and heart digging in front of the tomb of Jing Beimu.
The mystery of the murder
However, there has always been controversy over the murder of Jing Beimu, and even the final mastermind has not surfaced after many investigations, but there are generally three theories about this matter.
(1) At that time, the Shaanxi overseer Chen Shufan did it
Originally, Chen Shufan, as the leader of the Beiyang warlords in Shaanxi, plagued Shaanxi, and Jing Beimu could be said to be a car on two aisles, and there was not much intersection. However, later, under the excellent leadership of Jing Beimu, the revolutionary party's influence in Shaanxi became more and more powerful, posing a great threat to Chen Shufan, the overseer of Shaanxi. Coupled with the outbreak of the "Protector War", he asked Jing Beimu to mediate the matter, but was teased. Therefore, some people suspected that Chen Shufan was behind the ghost, and bought a military commander Li Dongcai to kill Jing Beimu. Moreover, after that, Li Dongcai also handed over the head of the well to Chen Shufan to receive the reward, which made this statement really make some sense. So much so that Yu Youren, the commander-in-chief of the Jingguo Army, always firmly believed that the murderer was Chen Shufan.
(2) Believed to be the work of Guo Jian, the commander of an army battalion, and was the number one suspect
Although Guo Jian never appeared in Nanrenbao, he was indeed the most suspicious of the mastermind behind it. This was because Guo Jian wrote a letter to Jing Beimu inviting him to a meeting, and he was also the one killed by his subordinates. Moreover, at that time, Guo Jian's army was the most disciplined, and the newly appointed commander-in-chief, Jing Beimu, often criticized him, and later asked the Eighth Route Army to garrison Fengxiang in Shaanxi with him, so Guo Jian was very dissatisfied with Jing Beimu at that time.
Guo Jian
(3) Some people think that it was done by Ma Lingfu, the chief of staff of Guo Jian's department
After the surrender of the Japanese army in 1945, a man named Hua Xiaokang wrote a book called "The Case of the Well", in which he analyzed in detail the murderer of the well, and believed that in addition to Li Dongcai, there was also a mastermind behind the scenes, and this person was Ma Lingfu, the chief of staff of Guo Jian's department at that time. The book also says that when he was studying in Japan, Jing Beimu and Ma Lingfu had a big fight because of the dispute over revolutionary theory, and Ma Lingfu had always held a grudge after he was beaten, so he later wrote the letter in Guo Jian's handwriting and booby-trapped Jing Beimu. It is true that hua xiaokang's description is not convincing enough, but the strange thing is that he was assassinated not long after he finished writing the book, and at this time, it had been ten years since Jing Beimu's death, and no one had investigated it. This matter eventually became a mystery.
After Jing Beimu's death, Yu Youren, commander-in-chief of the Jingguo Army in Shaanxi, reported his deeds to the Guangzhou Revolutionary Military Government, and was posthumously awarded the title of general of the army on August 14, 1943. In order to commemorate the immortal merits of the well, the residents of Shaanxi once renamed the Sifu Street where the well lived in Xi'an to The Well General Street, and chiseled a gate on the wall at the southern end of the street, named Bemu gate (that is, today).