Text/Kingdom Building
He was a pioneer of the revolutionary party and a close comrade-in-arms with Huang Xing, Qiu Jin, Yu Youren and others. He not only led the revolutionary cause in Shaanxi, but also was the core figure who opposed Yuan Shikai's claim to the throne and launched the patriotic movement. In November 1918, knowing that there was danger, he ventured to the enemy camp to mediate the contradictions between the Shaanxi army, and was killed by traitors Guo Jian and Li Dongcai, at the age of 31. In the same year, the Revolutionary Government of Guangdong posthumously awarded him the title of Lieutenant General of the Army and erected a monument to him. In November 1945, the Nationalist government again posthumously awarded him the title of General of the Army, and renamed the Sifu Street where he lived in Xi'an to General Inoue Street, and carved a gate into the wall at the southern end of the street, named Beimu Gate (now Xiaonanmen). The pioneer of the Shaanxi revolution, who was twice honored by the Nationalist government, was General Jing Beimu.
1. Excellent leader of the Revolutionary Party
Jing Beimu (井勿幕), formerly known as Jingquan (井泉), courtesy name Wenyuan (文元), later common Jing Bemu ( ) , pen name Hero Demon , was a native of Jingjiayuan ( now part of Yintai District , Tongchuan City , Pucheng County , Shaanxi Province ) , born on February 12 , 1888 , the younger brother of the Shaanxi warlord Jing Yuexiu.
Although his father died when he was 4 years old, it did not affect his life and growth.
He studied in Japan in 1903 and joined the Chinese League in 1905, where he was close comrades-in-arms with Huang Xing, Qiu Jin, Yu Youren and others.
At the end of 1905, Jing Beimu returned to Shaanxi as the head of the Shaanxi branch of the revolutionary party, responsible for contacting knifemen and party members. In order to help the revolutionary team raise weapons and ammunition, Inoubemu not only personally made bombs himself, but also transported family heirloom treasures to Japan with his eldest brother, Inokashi, to sell weapons and ammunition. With this enthusiasm, there are few in the entire history of the Republic of China.
(The first left is the well curtain)
In 1910, Jing Beimu participated in the famous Guangzhou Uprising. After the failure of the uprising, he successively participated in the revolutionary uprisings in Jiangxi, Sichuan, Shaanxi and other places. After the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution, he served as an envoy to the North Road of the Shaanxi Military Government. Soon after, he was transferred to the deputy director of the Inspection Bureau of the Provisional National Government in Nanjing (1912). However, Jing Beimu was unable to go to Nanjing to take up his post. Why? Because the revolutionaries in Shaanxi have seriously split, and the culprit of the split is Yuan Shikai. After Yuan Shikai became the president, he constantly sent people to divide the Shaanxi revolutionaries, such as Chen Shufan, Guo Jian, and others, who were bribed by him and became the lackeys of the Beiyang warlords. Although Jing Beimu is not very old, he is very prestigious among the Shaanxi revolutionaries, and with him, these speculators do not dare to be too arrogant. If he left Shaanxi, perhaps Shaanxi would become the territory of the Beiyang warlords. Therefore, after Jing Beimu's request, he continued to stay in Shaanxi and serve as the deputy head of the reorganized Kuomintang Shaanxi branch.
In 1913, Song Jiaoren, the leader of the Kuomintang (after the revolutionary party reorganized the Kuomintang, Sun Yat-sen left his post and Song Jiaoren served as the party leader) was stabbed to death by the killers bribed by Yuan Shikai, and the Kuomintang launched a second revolution. In Shaanxi, Jing Beimu actively responded to Sun Yat-sen's call and sent troops to fight yuan shikai. Although the second revolution ultimately failed because of the huge military differences between the north and the south, Jing Beimu's firm revolutionary conviction still left a deep impression on the Kuomintang colleagues.
In 1915, Inoue secretly returned from Japan to organize and launch the Patriotic Movement. He served as chief of staff of Xiong Kewu, the overseer of Sichuan, and attacked Yuan Shikai's Beiyang Army. In June of the following year, Yuan Shikai fell ill and died, and the Patriotic Movement was successful.
In March 1917, Ibebetsu was appointed as The Governor of Guanzhong. In August of the same year, he left his job and lived idly in Xi'an.
In November 1918, he went to Sanyuan to take up the post of commander-in-chief of the Jingguo Army in Shaanxi (commander-in-chief Yu Youren), preparing a crusade against duan Qirui, an Anhui warlord who controlled the Beijing government.
Second, take risks with your own life and make heroic sacrifices
In early 1918, Duan Qirui, an Anhui warlord who controlled the Beijing government, at the instigation of Xu Shuzheng and others, planned to unify the country by force. Through coercion and inducement, Duan Qirui connected the warlords of the originally scattered Beiyang direct and Feng clans together and prepared to launch an attack on the kuomintang revolutionary government in the south. In this political context, civil war is inevitable. Like Yuan Shikai during his lifetime, Duan Qirui, through the high-ranking official Houlu, bribed the Shaanxi generals Chen Shufan and Guo Jian, who were wavering in their revolutionary will, causing a split within the Shaanxi army. And this division has reached the point of fighting each other.
In November 1918, the old and treacherous Shaanxi overseer Chen Shufan (Chen Shufan's Shaanxi overseer was enthroned when he defected to Yuan Shikai, and Duan Qirui admitted it after Yuan Shikai's death) was besieged by the Jingguo army loyal to the revolution. Chen Shufan had a plan, and asked Guo Jian, who was also a fellow villager in Pucheng, to invite the commander-in-chief of the Jingguo Army, Jing Beimu, to mediate the conflict. Jing Beimu knew that this move was very dangerous, but he still disregarded the persuasion of the revolutionary comrades and went to the enemy camp. Before leaving, he wrote to Xiong Kewu, the overseer of Sichuan: "Many people oppose my visit, thinking that it is dangerous. In fact, as long as it is good for the revolution, I am not afraid of sacrifice. ”
On November 23, 1918, Jing Beimu led four guards to Guo Jian's garrison, Xingping Nanrenbao. Guo Jian avoided seeing him and asked his battalion commander Li Dongcai to greet Jing Beimu. Li Dongcai is also a native of Pucheng, Shaanxi Province, and is an old acquaintance of the Jing Bei Mu brothers, so Jing Bei Mu did not perceive danger. As a result, when Jing Beimu was walking in front, Li Dongcai suddenly drew his gun, killed Jing Beimu with two shots, and cut off his head and sent him to Xi'an for merit, And Jing Beimu was only 31 years old when he died. Now a popular proverb in society: "Fellow countrymen, a shot in the back!" "That's where it came from. After Jing Beimu was killed, Li Dongcai's 4 guards carried back his headless body, while Guo Jian put the responsibility for killing Jing Beimu on Li Dongcai. The generals of the Jingguo Army were furious, and Tian Yujie, the commander of the Jingyang Garrison, went to Xi'an several times to negotiate with Chen Shufan before retrieving the head of Jing Beimu and burying the body together in his hometown of Pucheng.
After the news of Jing Beimu's murder spread, the Guangdong revolutionary government posthumously awarded him the title of lieutenant general in the army on December 19 of the same year, and decided that the Kuomintang Party History Committee would set up a biography for him. In order to commemorate the immortal merits of the well, the Shaanxi military and people once renamed the Sifu Street where the well lived in Xi'an to Inoue General Street, and chiseled a gate on the wall at the southern end of the street, named BeiMu Gate (now Xiao NanMen).
On November 19, 1945, the Nationalist government once again posthumously awarded Inobetsu as a general in the Army. And his old comrade-in-arms Yu Youren personally presided over the coffin from Pucheng to xi'an Revolution Park, where a public sacrifice was held. The tombstone was inscribed by Chiang Kai-shek himself with the inscription "Posthumously presented to the tomb of The Army General Guan Jing Beimu".