Introduction: Li Ruiqing, together with Zeng Xi, Wu Changshuo, and Huang Binhong, is known as the "Four Demons on the Sea", and is one of the representative figures of the stele calligraphy from the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China. The master of Chinese painting Zhang Daqian, the Fajia Hu Xiaoshi, Lü Fengzi, etc. are all from his disciples.
Shen Zengzhi, a generation of giant Confucians and Zhang Cao, said: "Li Daoshi has the calligraphy of Zhu Xizhe and the study of fengcun li"
Wu Changshuo, a master of the Hai Sect, said: "Sir, he is loyal and loyal... Mr. Park Learns to Be Gu... Mr. Fine Seal Li Yi Brick and Tile Script, Bypass Six Laws... Sir, the source of the testimony, the positive change of the grass.... ”
Zeng Xi, a forgetful friend, said: "Li Zhongzi has never learned in ancient and modern books, learned everything, and has not worked without work. He who is superior to the people can be in the desolate and cold realm of the poor ancients."
When Li Ruiqing was alive, some people studied his calligraphy, famous ones are: Li Jian, Hu Xiaoshi, Lü Fengzi, Zhang Dagan, etc. It's all the rage.
Li Ruiqing's book "Zhang Ronglong Monument"
01 A rare bitter school in the history of modern calligraphy
Li Ruiqing has developed a strong interest in Jinshi calligraphy and painting since he was a child, so he has gradually cultivated a refined appreciation ability. "He has a unique view of Chinese painting and calligraphy."
Li Ruiqing character Zhonglin, mei'an, late qingdao, Jiangxi Fuzhou people. His ancestor Li Zonghan was a famous writer, calligrapher and collector in the Qing Dynasty. His uncle Li Lianxiu was a scholar of the Hanlin Academy during the Daoguang dynasty and the secretary of dali temple, and his father Li Bichang was an official in Hunan for 30 years, and he served as the commander of Changsha Sima Wuling County, known as the Duke of Ronglu, although he was born as a military general, he was good at literature. Li Ruiqing spent his early years in Hunan, and later Ronglu Duke was stationed in Yunnan, Guangxi and other places to handle border affairs, and Li Ruiqing also lived with his father in Yunnan and Guangxi.
Because Li Ruiqing's father Rong Lugong was in Hunan for Wuling County, and his father-in-law Yu Zuoxin was a native of Wuling, Hunan, Li Ruiqing was admitted to the examination as a Wuling nationality at the age of twenty-five, and he was selected as the first person in the vice list with his ancient and simple words, but because he was originally from Linchuan, Jiangxi, he was controversial with his impersonation, and Li Ruiqing resolutely gave up after knowing it. In the nineteenth year of Guangxu, Li Ruiqing re-entered the examination as a native of Jiangxi, and once again cited a good story. The following year, he participated in the examination and entered the army. In the twenty-first year of Guangxu, he was appointed as a Shu Jishi of the Hanlin Academy, a reformer, a jiangsu, a scholar of Jiangsu Ning, and a supervisor of the Liangjiang Normal School.
Li Ruiqing formed a deep love affair with calligraphy and painting at an early age, which is related to the inheritance of his ancestors in the Li family, which is an influential scholarly family in the Qing Dynasty, and has a certain reputation in the poetry, books and painting circles. Among them, the most profound influence on Li Ruiqing was Li Zonghan, whose collection of gold stones provided the foundation for Li Ruiqing's later golden stone roads.
Good family lineage is the beginning of his interest in calligraphy, his diligent attitude is an important reason for his fame, he is a rare bitter school in the history of modern Chinese calligraphy, from the age of ten began to study calligraphy, the golden stone rubbings and calligraphy hidden in the family gave him a profound influence, and the parents' teaching and supervision of him has also become the driving force for him to be diligent in Linchi.
In fact, Li Ruiqing did not visit the teacher, his calligrapher Cheng can be said to have studied at home in the early days, and in the later stage, he relied on his own exploration and study, and found his own suitable research object according to the origin of Chinese characters and the process of calligraphy evolution, paving a new path for the future artistic journey.
Because of his excellent character and books, he was gradually understood by people and became a famous northern sect master, then known as "Northern Li Nan Zeng". He can not only write and paint, but also study the appreciation of gold stones and calligraphy and painting, so he asks for his calligraphers and painters, and the crowd is endless.
RuiQing book "Zhang Heinu Epitaph"
02 Although the north and south are different, the stele should be combined
Li Ruiqing has studied the Six Books since childhood, began to study the Great Seal at the age of 10, learned the Seal for more than ten years at the age of 20, began to study the Two Han Tablets at the age of 20 to 26, and after years of study, he studied the Calligraphy in Italics.
Li Ruiqing studied seriously and diligently all his life. His calligraphy is taken from the ancient, the artistic conception is deep, the upper pursuit of Zhou Qin, Bozong Han Wei, all kinds of bodies, can be carried out in the north stele with the meaning of the seal, the writing is strong, loose, and has a golden stone flavor.
Li Ruiqing's early style of writing was influenced by He Shaoji, and his father Li Bichang was an official in Hunan for 30 years, so Li lived in Hunan in his early years, when He Shaoji's book style swept throughout Hunan and was deeply influenced by it.
Li Ruiqing's books are all self-taught in He Shu. His work is near the "Zhang Heinu Tomb Li Ming", although he learned He's brushwork, but with the pen is firm and strong, the pen is exposed, all written with square pens, the inscription pen can be engraved, Li Shi once said: "The Black Woman's Zhi is thick and ancient, and the whole in the north stele is victorious with the taste of god." It can be seen that Li Ruiqing, while copying He Shaoji, still refers to the "god" of the original stele, which can be said to be different from He Tong.
Li Ruiqing first learned the Book of Wei for taofa, but Li shi added the great seal pen to write the Book of Wei on the basis of Tao's square pen, which was both old and new, and many people misunderstood that Li took the Book of Wei as the best book, in fact, the Book of Wei did not represent the highest achievement of Li Ruiqing's calligraphy.
Li Ruiqing has Deng Shiru's wind on the pen, the font is strong enough to see flesh and blood, and the stele can be engraved. On the basis of a comprehensive study of the Jinshi calligraphy, he applied the seal pen method to the Six Dynasties Stele, and After analyzing the historical situation of steleology and theology, Li Ruiqing believed that "about the Han, Wei and Tang Dynasties, all attached importance to the stele." The Southern Dynasty scholar Ya ShangQing talked, waving dust and wind, forming all kinds of Janes, and the germ of this thesis was also".
As a steleologist, Li Ruiqing's experience of "the six dynasties and the monuments are not prepared" and that the experience of studying the north stele for twenty years is that "although the north and the south are cloudy, the stele should be combined". He refers the stiff north monument to a large seal with a rounded circle, which has both masculine beauty and elegant charm.
For the exploration of epigraphy from theory to practice, Li Ruiqing's rich humanistic qualities and diligent practice have finally formed a unique Jinshi calligraphy style. His strong northern stele calligraphy had a huge impact on the late Qing Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty.
In his later years, at the suggestion of Shen Zengzhi and others, Li Ruiqing entered the post with a stele pen, copied many Fa posts, and wrote chapters and grasses in the Han jian pen method, which was very successful. After the Ming Dynasty, Zhangcao flourished, and he intended to revive Zhangcao and make it unique. During this period, Li Shi closed his doors to guests, specially made in-depth research on the study of theology, paid equal attention to the study of steles, and had a unique insight into the source of steles, and sometimes had dialectics.
Li Ruiqing agreed with the integration of the stele and the post, but advocated the use of the pen method of the stele to enter the post, and opposed the use of the pen method of the stele to enter the stele. For "If yu asks for it with a stele pen, he will get eight or nine out of ten, but if he keeps the tablet, there is no difference in asking the wooden Buddha for a relic, and he will have nothing to do, and he must not know it." "Li Ruiqing was proficient in the Writings of the Six Dynasties of the Seal, and he also used the Wei calligraphy to enter the post, from the Second King to the Tang and Song Dynasties to Zhao Ziang, Dong Qichang, and all other cursive writings were embellished with inscriptions, or discussed the source of the Cabinet, or examined the variations of the wild grass.
In addition, we can also see that Li Ruiqing's writings are influenced by Huang Tingjian, Li Shi not only incorporates the characteristics of the valley into his own works when copying, but also introduces his own novelty, at this time, Li's works have exaggerated long paintings that also show the vibrating pen of the stele, Huang Tingjian shows a sharp, thin style, and Li's works are obvious, more primitive than the Yellow Valley.
Li Ruiqing's book "Huangzhou Cold Food Poetry"
epilogue:
The style of each calligrapher is closely related to the method of writing the pen. For example, Su Dongpo's "stone pressing toad" body is related to his slow pen movement and lying down; He Shaoji's calligraphy style is also related to the back wrist penmanship.
Li Ruiqing's style of writing was unique at that time, and it was closely related to his writing and use of pens. However, once the personality of calligraphy is too strong, it will always expose some problems. Li Ruiqing's trembling made him form a habit of writing, and there was no writing, losing the natural writing effect. Let's explore this issue next time.
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