Kunming Xishan Gaoyao Sheng Ancestral Hall
In a person's life, it is enough to have a close friend in this life; in a person's life, he writes an epitaph for both a close friend and an epitaph for the son of a close friend, which is rare in the world, and Yang Shen has both. The best friend is the Ming Dynasty Mu Family Mu Ying VI grandson Mu Song, the son of the best friend is Mu Ying VII grandson, Mu Song's son Mu Shaoqin. The reason why Yang Shen was able to create and travel in the thirty-five years of committing a "felony" in the border area, and achieved "the knowledge of the recitation of the Ming Dynasty, the wealth of writing, and the prudence can be pushed as the first", which is inseparable from the continuous care of the Mu family represented by Mu Song.
I. Introduction of Mu Song and Yang Shen
(1) Mu Song
Mu Song (Mu Song), courtesy name Xifu ,司石冈), grandson of Mu Ying (慕英) the sixth grandson of Mu Ying and son of the Jin Tengsan general Mu Xiang (慕腾參將將), was born on February 8, 1491, in the year of Hongzhi Xinhai (弘治 4), and died on December 28, 1536, in the year of Jiajing Bingshen (Jiajing 1536). He died on December 31, 2012 at the age of 45. He is buried in the Mu family cemetery of Chenggong Longshan [ ].
At the age of sixteen, he inherited the post of general of his father Mu Xiang JinTeng, and was stationed at Jinyawei (永常府, in present-day Baoshan City) and Tengchongwei. "For ten years, the golden teeth of the town have been five years, the two who build stone bridges, and the five who build warehouses, all of them donate their own money, and none of them are taken from officials." The two evil men who were close to Zhang Cheng, the eunuch who had harmed the golden teeth, were captured and punished according to law, and the people were stable. Later, the eunuch Wang Yang provoked a people's rebellion, "The public is caretaker, and the two sides are treated, and the pillow is safe." "There was a tiger plague, some people spread rumors that they had offended the tiger god, Mu Song said that where there would be gods who would instruct the tiger to be infested, he would go to the City God Temple to pray, and the next day, the tiger died in front of the City God Temple.
Jia Jingyuan, the second year (1522, 1523), resigned from the position of general of Jin Teng, hung the car behind closed doors, resigned from his official home, and extended his teacher to teach his son.
Mu Song has a wide range of interests and hobbies, poetry, painting and wine, likes to collect paintings, and lives a life of poetry and wine after resigning from the government and returning to seclusion. "Fairness prevails in abundance, Ri Dye Han does not go to the hand, the screen is in the willow camp, the self-proclaimed willow is pedantic, and the Dianshi doctor can form a poet to sing, and there is a collection in the home." [1] There are Yang Shen's "Ming Horse Riding General Right Army Governor's Office Governor's Office Governor Shigang Mu Cemetery Inscription" and Yang Shen's "Sacrifice to Samrong Shigang Mu Gongwen" and the two men sang and wrote poems to record his deeds.
Here, the "Liu Camp" is the first Zu Muying and the second Zu Mu Chun Hongwu in the west of Cuihu Lake, planted willow trees, collected Yunnan famous horses to raise, imitating the Western Han Dynasty Zhou Yafu "Tun Bing Xiao Liu Camp" opened.
(2) Yang Shen
Yang Shen (Chinese: 杨慎; pinyin: dʼáng Zhāngzhāng zhāng zhō Later, due to the Great Ceremony Discussion Incident, he was charged with the army in Yunnan, so he called himself Bo Nanshanshu and the Golden Horse and Biji Veteran. Son of Yang Tinghe, the first assistant, his ancestral home was Luling. In the sixth year of Zhengde (1511), he was appointed by the Guanhanlin Academy. Emperor Mingwu Zhu Houzhao went out of Yongguan and rebelled against him. Sejong Zhu Houxi succeeded to the throne and served as a lecturer at the Feast. In the third year of Jiajing (1524), he was almost killed by the court staff due to the "Great Ceremony Discussion" incident, and who eventually grew old in Yongchangwei, Yunnan. "The knowledge of the recitation of the Ming Dynasty and the wealth of the writings can be pushed as the first." [1] Noh poems, texts, words and scattered songs, on the scope of ancient research works is quite extensive. He is the author of more than 100 books. Later editions were collected as the "Sheng'an Collection".
Statue of Yang Shen at the Yang Sheng'an Memorial Hall in The High Peak of Xishan, Kunming
Second, the background of the interaction
Yang Shen was politically unfortunate, because he offended the Jiajing Emperor, was twice tortured by the Jiajing Emperor, charged the army in Yunnan, and almost died, and was not allowed to return to his hometown to reunite with his wife and children for decades and honor his parents. The old dead in Yunnan are not pardoned.
He was lucky in the circle of friends, he met the Mu family in Yunnan, Mu Ying VI's grandson Mu Kun (no. Yugang), Mu Song (No. Shigang), Mu Yue (No. ), the seventh Sun Mu Shaoxun (No. Wushan), Mu Shaoqin (No. 9 Hua), Mu Shaoxun (No. 5 Hua), Mu Shao Mian (No. Sanhua), Mu Shaoxun (No. Shaohua), Nanhua, Yuhua, the Eighth Sun Mu Chaofu (No. Wen Lou), Mu Chaobi (No. 1 Yun Lou), etc., all had contacts with them, and the Mu family gave Yang Shen help from spirit to material. Yang Shen lived in Anning and Xishan, and could take a boat to Dianchi Lake, swim with the members of the Mu family, and responded with poetry, especially Mu Song and Yang Shen had the best relationship, leaving a good story. It can be said that Mu Shi is Yang Shen's benefactor.
The environment given to Yang Shen by Yunnan officials and academic circles is relatively relaxed. Although Yang Shen was a shu in Yunnan, he was also cared for by Mao Yi of Kunming, Li Yuanyang of Dali, Zhang Han, son of Yongchang Zhang Zhichun, Wang Bai'an of Anning Zhizhou, Wang Tingbiao of Ami Prefecture, and Ye Rui of Jianshui Prefecture, Lin'an Province. He was even taken care of by You Jujing, the governor of Yunnan, who not only allowed him to live in Luzhou during his lifetime, but also wrote an epitaph for him after his death.
In addition to the care of the Mu family and local officials and Confucians, Yang Shen also has a good reputation in Yunnan folk, leaving many legends and stories, such as Old Yang (Sheep) Returns to His Hometown (Fennel), Yang Zhuangyuan Lets Bullies Eat and other witty stories.
Third, the reasons and processes of communication
(1) Mu Song and Yang Shen had close contacts for five reasons:
First, the two are similar in age, Yang Shenchangmu Song is three years old, and there is no "intergenerational" problem in communication.
Second, the two have a number of similar interests, such as composing poetry, writing, drinking, and appreciating paintings, which can be seen in the poems that the two sing and sing harmony with each other, such as "Mu Xifu Ye Daoheng dating in the rain of Taihua Temple with Du Shaoling rhymes"[2]
Wild bamboo flowers are greeted by the road, and the golden brakes of the Cyano Garden look at the Middle Ming.
The sea and sky are windy and cloudy trees, and the mountains and countries are full of cold spring rain and rain.
The dragon scales are most visible, and the feathers of the birds are light.
The source of the puzzle is retained and stayed, and the search for the gap can still be carried out.
Third, After Mu Song resigned from the government and retired to retirement, he was outside the system, unlike Mu Shaoxun, Mu Chaofu, Mu Chaobi, etc. in the system, who had the title of Duke of Qianguo and the military general of Yunnan, and the members of the Mu family who were in the military position of general of Yunnan Need to take a little care of Yang Shen who was the identity of Shu. Mu Song did not have such concerns, so he could open his hands and feet and mentality, and could invite Yang Shen to travel in the mountains and rivers, chant poems, sleep on the beds, and drink drunkenly.
Fourth, Mu Song admired Yang Shen's talent and was willing to make such literati friends. Yang Shen is also willing to have a friend like Mu Song who is free, informal, and has a literary hobby, and can talk, drink, and play when he is depressed.
Fifth, it can only be said that it is fate.
Fate is a thing that is unclear and unclear, who has a fate with whom, no matter where they go, where they are, they will eventually get together. Parting is also the end of fate. Mu Song and Yang Shen did not know each other before, one in Beijing, one in Yunnan, and the other in heaven. Yang Shen's charge of the army in Yunnan was originally also specifically charged to Yongchang Province, not in Kunming, Yunnan Province, because of Yang Shen's deeds in the imperial court and the reputation of The Emperor, even if he was charged as a criminal in the remote Yongchang Province, he also received the care of the local Confucians, naturally, coming to Kunming also received the care of three generations of the Mu family, Yang Shen's contacts with Confucians all over Yunnan, the exchanges with the Mu family, and the exchanges with Mu Song were all due to fate, but there was a deep difference between deep and not deep. Mu Song Jiajingyuan and the second year (1522-1523) resigned and lived in seclusion, and the next year , Jiajing III ( 1524 ) Yang Shen charged the army in Yunnan , and the two from then on interacted for 12 years until the death of Mu Song in the fifteenth year of Jiajing (1536). Time is so coincidental.
(2) The course of the exchanges
1. Literature and life
Yang Shen wrote in the "Sacrifice of Samson Shigang Mu Official" [3] written after Mu Song's death:
"I know the public, and I am self-conscious. The tortoise unloads the magpie, and the fox gull kills the kite. ...... Don't despise me, proclaim with one voice...
Gladly cross arms, dream of the first. Ban Jinghua House, pouring over the rafters..."
The gist of it is: I met the general Mu Song when I joined the army in Yongchang and came to Kunming. Mu Song originally inherited the position of general of his father, Jin Teng, the Duke of Jin, stationed in Jinya (present-day Baoshan) and Tengchong, but later he resigned from the military and returned to Kunming, Yunnan Province, to live a life of drinking and poetry. I saw him as if I had been in a past life.
We talked in a beautifully decorated room. Although separated by Dianchi Lake, Mu Song often sent letters from my family to invite me to travel, to banquets, and to chant poems. Instead of looking down on me because of my criminal status, I had many of the same interests.
Whether it is a clear wind and a long moon, or a cold and cool smoke day, as long as Mu Song said, "How about we go out by car?" "We will all play with things and forget things, lose the roots, and have fun." At that time, I will abandon all worries and worldly ideas, and I will be dashing and unrestrained, and the same will be true for Mu Song. We drank and wrote poems, drunk like mountains pouring down, playing "Mountain Flowing Water", the music is pleasant. There is no blockage, why go rafting, no grease, how to cook?
Mu Song likes to chant poetry, and it stands in a moment. His poems are like dew embellished on flowers, and the moon is reflected in the abyss. He was also good at calligraphy and had reached a very high level of painting. "The character is golden, the line is jade, the law is gentle, and the beauty is multi-faceted" The calligraphy is very profound; his paintings paint the charm of Zhihua Lanxiang. He also loved to collect paintings and fill the room. In order to collect, he spared no expense, so Mu Song's appreciation of famous paintings also surpassed those in the industry at that time. He was obsessed with collecting classics, like a specialized researcher.
He retired at the peak of his ancestral military duties and returned home to enjoy the joys of the world. Row in Dianchi Lake, dressed in clogs, and step on the mat paved with green pine hair and pine roses.
2. Assist in defense
"Peng Zichun, looking for the change of Wuding in Dian, cautiously avoided in the besieged city, the sun and the public circumvented, the two thieves jointly attacked the west gate of the city, burned, and annihilated near the village." Yu Zhi Gong Yue: Gong has no intention of being the remnant of the first king and the first gong! Gong Xiao said: Give You He forbearance, and it is useless to speak out. With the Gongdeng City Linwei, see the thief beacon only a ruler, Russia has a white rainbow surrounding the sun, the viewer has no master. Gong Yue: Soldiers possess it, there are no soldiers in the niwei yang, there are soldiers in the army, and there are soldiers who are liberated, it is a blessing in disguise, but he is also. It has died as a public word, and the crowd has been amazed, and the world will be different.
Subsequently, Yu or / Ju Lianran, or Qiao Dian Cang, Gong Shu Poetry Tube, Si Qing Wu Yue, can be described as a hundred years of preaching. ”【4】
According to the "History of Ming", "Huan Yongchang, wen Xundian Anquan and Wuding Fengchao wen rebelled, led more than 100 slaves and infantrymen, and rushed to the Mumi House to defeat the thieves with the guards." ”【5】
Mumiguan Qianhushou (木密關千戶所), set up by Ming Hongwu in the 23rd year (1390), ruled the southeast of present-day Xundian County, Yunnan Province, Yilong, directly under the Yunnan Dusi. Abolished in the 26th year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1687).
Writing about a war scene, jiajing seven years (1528) Wuding Tushe Feng Chaowen and Xundian Tushe Anquan rebellion. Yunnan Governor Ouyang Zhong, Mu Song's nephew, and Mu Shaoxun, the Duke of Qianguo, led the army to suppress it, Mu Song stayed behind to guard the city of Mumi Qianhu, and Yang Shen mobilized more than a hundred of his entourage to rush from Yongchang to Mumi Qianhu to assist in defending the city, and later the rebels retreated.
This time, Yang Shen went from Yongchang to Xundian to assist Mu Song in defending the Mumi Qianhu, and it was in the early days of Mu Song's interaction with Yang Shen that Yang Shen was worried about Mu Song's safety, which showed the depth of their affection.
Yang Shen uses poetic language to recount his interaction with Mu Song, such as trickling, refreshing, fresh in memory, touching and unforgettable.
3. Compared with Yan Wu Du Fu and Wang Yi Su Shi
Yang Shen wrote in the "Mu Shaoqin Epitaph":
"Yu Zi Jia Shen's age, En sent to Dian, Ishioka Gong is like-minded, Wenzao sings and sings, and there is no vain. Taihua, Huating, Baozhu, Luohan, Youbi jie, Su is also connected. Waking up is exciting, and dreams are also fun. Yan Wu to Du Ling, Wang Yi to Po Gong, is not too much, Ming Qi's words? In the summer of this year, the remaining remains in the past, and the old and the past are old, then the Shigang Gongjiu is riding a ji, and the Jiuhua tomb also has a grass. ”
I was sent from Jiajing Jiashennian (according to: Jiajing three years AD 1524 AD), Mu Shaoqin's father Shigang Gongmu Song and I were like-minded, writing articles, poetry singing and harmony, almost within ten days I was invited to Taihua Temple, Huating Temple, Baozhu Temple, Luohan Temple to play, the two were very close, if you want to stay in the temple (Xishan), the beds are connected, and the dreams after waking up are the same, the friendship between the Tang Dynasty general Yan Wu and the poet Du Fu, the Northern Song Painter Wang Xue and the literary scholar Su Dongpo is just that.
Writing an epitaph for Mu Jiuhua Shaoqin, where can I resign?
Now the time is the summer of the year before it is not yet (press: Jiajing thirty-eight years AD 1559), I stay here, recall the old events, sigh, and think of ishioka Gongmu Song left (died) for a long time, Jiuhua Mu Shaoqin's tomb also grew the next year grass. ”[6]
Fourth, the results of the interaction
Just when the friendship between Yang Shen and Mu Song reached a higher realm, Mu Song left Yang Shen for fifteen years in Jiajing, and in the next twenty-three years, Yang Shen never had such a good friend as Mu Song again.
“...... Heavenly Hoof hanging, the perpetrator of the sudden? My husband is dependent, and my husband tolerates my donation.
There is a passing water in the river, and there is no hidden boat in the valley. In the past, the drum sound Khotanese.
Today, the public is public, and the name is dancing. The soul of the hero is helpless, and the weeping is in vain.
A word of resignation, a tribute to the public. ”
He cried bitterly: Song Gong, we made an appointment to wait for the arrival of the Immortals of Penglai Mountain, and made an appointment to go to the Immortal Mountain of Huaishan Mountain to meet the Immortals, why did the news of the murder come so suddenly, why didn't God let Mu Song wait for me to come and comfort him and then die? Songgong is my dependence, how can you abandon me? There was water in the river that flowed eastward, but there were no hidden boats in the valley. In the past, when I came to pay homage to Gong Song, a banquet was being held, and the drums were loud and not very lively; today I came to mourn Gong Gong, and only his spiritual banner fluttered in the wind. Song Gong's heroic soul could no longer be summoned back, only I was alone and weeping. [7]
After Mu Song died at the age of forty-five, he left Yang Shen with endless mourning and remembrance, and Yang Shen died in the thirty-eighth year of Jiajing (1559) at the age of seventy-one. In the twenty-three years after Mu Song's death, although there were also Mu Song's sons Mu Shaoqin, Mu Shaojian, and Mu Shaomian, his grandson Mu Chaoxiang and his nephews Mu Chaofu and Mu Chaobi continued to associate with Yang Shen, although there were also other Confucian officials who took care of them, but how could not surpass the feelings of the two.
Before Mu Song died, he said to Mu Shaoqin and other sons: "There are many celebrities in My Hai, but the Ascension Nunnery has been long and heartfelt, and the Ru generation has been working for me to pass on the legacy, and there is no Ruoziye after that." "Self-made, the last words of the public should be stated, in order to know the situation, and to be entrusted with the nine originals!" It is the snow that is remembered. ”[8]
Yang Shen relied on Mu Song, who regarded Yang Shen as a confidant, not only befriending Yang Shen himself, but also asking his sons to continue their friendship with Yang Shen and pass it on. When he was critically ill, it was equivalent to Mu Song entrusting his son to Yang Shen, "Jiuyuan Wufeng Sun Xin", the eldest son Mu Shaoqin (Jiuhua) was twenty-six years old at the time, and he and his younger brothers Mu Shaoxun (Wuhua), Mu Shaomian (Sanhua), Yuhua, Mu Shaoxun (Shaohua), Nanhua, and his son Mu Chaoyang continued their friendly exchanges with Yang Shen.
Twenty-three years have passed, the year of Yang Shen's death, that is, the thirty-eighth year of Jiajing, and he wrote an epitaph for Mu Song's eldest son Mu Shaoqin, and Yang Shen was deeply saddened. Twenty-three years ago, I wrote an epitaph for my best friend Mu Song, and twenty-three years later, I wrote an epitaph for my best friend's son.