When we read Xin's words, we must first understand his life experience.
He was born in the occupied areas, he was talented, all-rounder, at the age of 22, he led the anti-Jin volunteer army he organized to the Southern Song Dynasty, for him, this is "found the organization", he hopes to rely on the power of the Southern Song court to drive out the Jin army and restore the Great Song River Mountain. However, contrary to his wishes, he did not find the opportunity to show his ambitions in his lifetime, and in the forty-six years he was subordinate to the Southern Song Dynasty court, he was released from his home for about twenty years, and when he was an official, he served as a local administrator, which had nothing to do with the anti-Jin restoration, which was far from his ideals in life.
(Portrait of Xin Abandoned Disease)
How strong his desire to resist the Jin Dynasty and restore the country, how strong the bitterness accumulated in his chest is, perhaps it is precisely because he has been removed from his post for a long time that he has the opportunity, life experience, and emotional accumulation to create a large number of poetry works, which is a fortunate thing for us, and for Xin Renjie, it is obviously a tragedy of life.
His feelings are full of emotions, his talent is brilliant, his willingness to serve the country is strong, and his feelings are hot! Therefore, his poems condensed his life and experience, his talent and sustenance, his grandeur and fierceness, his resentment and sorrow, all intersect in poetry!
Let's read a poem by Xin Zhiyi, this poem "He Groom , Even Yi Wu Decline" has a total of one hundred and sixty words, twelve sentences, and the use of sentences is natural, which is amazing! The full word is as follows:
I am in decline. There are only a few left! The white hair hangs three thousand feet in the air, and he laughs at everything in the world. What can make the public happy? I see how feminine Qingshan is, and I expect Qingshan to see me as I should be. Feelings and appearances, slightly similar.
A head scratched in the east window. Think of the abyss, stop the cloud poetry, the flavor at this time. Jiang Zuo shen shen and seek fame, do not know the mysterious principle of turbid mash. Looking back, the clouds flew up. I don't hate the ancients, I don't see, I hate the ancients, I don't see my crazy ears. He who knows me, the second and third sons.
The poem has a long title: "Yizhong Garden Pavilion, servants are given this word." One day, sitting alone in the clouds, the sound of water and mountains, competing to entertain each other. Yi Xishan wanted to help the example, so he made a few words, and Shu Ji seemed to be thinking of the meaning of relatives and friends. "As we said, this practice of giving words a title has flourished in SuDongpo and has become the norm here in Xin. Let's start with this title:
(Meaning of "Greeting the Groom")
According to research, this poem was written around the fourth year of the reign of Emperor Ningzong of Song (1198 AD), by which time Xin had been deposed for four years. The "Yi" here refers to Leadshan County, Xin Abandoned Disease built an apartment in Leadshan County, Jiangxi Province, and after the fire of the Lake Residence, Xin Abandoned Disease and his family moved here. "Servant" is the self-designation of the lyricist, "Stop Cloud", referring to "Stop Cloud Hall", the word in the apartment to give their own residence name "Stop Cloud Hall", named after Tao Yuanming's "Stop Cloud" poem. "YixiShan sentence" means that Xishan wants to use the precedent of the Pavilions in the Garden Pavilion in Yizhong (I want to give me a poem "He Groom"), and the latter sentence is because the preface to Tao Yuanming's "Stopping clouds" poem says: "Stop the clouds, think of relatives and friends." "The four four-word poems of "Stopping the Clouds" are written to drink with relatives and friends and cannot do so, so the lyricist said so.
Let's talk about it sentence by sentence:
I am in decline. The allusion to this sentence comes from the Analects of ShuEr: "Zi Yue: 'Even if I am decaying.'" For a long time, I no longer dream of seeing Zhou Gong. Confucius admired the way of Zhou Gong, and he did not dream that Zhou Gong was saying that his way "does not work" Is a very convenient use, that is, to change "also" to "矣", the purpose is simple, that is, rhyme. The author cites this allusion to express his intention to "not do it", because this year, the lyricist is 49 years old, half a hundred, it is really a little too old, in this quote, there are too many sighs about the years.
There are only a few left! This sentence is one of the few sentences without allusions to this word, he is sighing, sighing that the friends who have traveled together in his life have scattered in all directions, and how much is left now? It's really sad.
The white hair hangs three thousand feet in the air, and he laughs at everything in the world. This allusion comes from the Tang Dynasty Li Bai's "Qiupu Song": "White hair is three thousand zhang, and the fate is like a long one." The so-called "empty hanging" is to worry in vain. "Laugh at everything in the world", which means that for everything in the world, it is better to laugh at it. This is clearly a grumble of frustration and frustration.
What can make the public happy? The "gong" here is the author's self-referentiality. The allusion to this sentence comes from the "World Speaking New Language, Favored Ceremony": "Wang Xun, Xi Chao and have wizards, and are favored by Sima Da. Xun is the main bookkeeper, and chao is a record room to join the army. It is superhuman and bearded, and its humb is short. At that time, Jingzhou said: "Join the army, short master book." It can make the public happy, it can make the public angry. This means that Wang Xun and Xi Chao were both talented and were appreciated and promoted by Sima Huanwen. Wang Xun served as the main bookkeeper, and Xi Chao served as the secretary to join the army. Xi Chao has a lot of beards, and Wang Xun is short in stature. There are a few ballads in Jingzhou: "The bearded man joins the army, and the short man is the master book." It can make the public happy, it can make the public angry. The author uses this dictionary to say that what else can really make me happy? Nothing can make me happy, this is a sad word, it is the sadness of seeing the old age and the hopelessness of fame.
I see how feminine Qingshan is, and I expect Qingshan to see me as I should be. There is also an allusion to this sentence, the New Book of Tang and the Biography of Wei Zheng: "Emperor Yue: 'People are slow to speak and act slowly, but I see their feminine ears.'" "You see, even in the midst of all helplessness, Xin Zhiyi is not depressed, he is still confident, here, he compares himself to Wei Zheng, I see that Qingshan is dashing and colorful, i guess Qingshan looks at me the same, how confident! Wei Zheng was a famous minister of Tang Taizong, and Tang Taizong was more receptive to his opinions, and the poet compared himself to Wei Zheng, and also hoped to meet the emperor who truly affirmed his own opinions.
(I see how feminine Aoyama is, and I think Aoyama should be like this when he sees me)
Feelings and appearances, slightly similar. This is also a rare sentence in this song that does not use the classic, that is, the mountain and the shape of the person are feminine, linked to the above confidence, how confident and sunny his heart is!
A head scratched in the east window. The word turned to the next piece, and the lyricist jumped out of sorrow, but still felt that there were no friends in the world, and he missed his relatives and friends. "Zun" is the ancient character for "樽". The same canon, that is, Tao Yuanming's poem "Stopping clouds": "Quietly send Dongxuan, spring mash alone." Good friends are leisurely, scratching their heads and prolonging. "Put a bottle of wine, chant poetry in front of the window, feel at ease, the mood is self-satisfied, but he is still lonely, he hopes to have friends, but as Tao Yuanming wrote in his poem, the acquaintances are far away, so next he said—
Think of the abyss, stop the cloud poetry, the flavor at this time. This is a direct allusion: I think it was also the same feeling when Tao Yuanming wrote "Stopping clouds". The meaning expressed in Tao Yuanming's "Stopping the Clouds" is the current state of the lyricist at this time, he is lonely, the world is ignorant, and those who really understand him do not know where he is.
Jiang Zuo shen shen and seek fame, do not know the mysterious principle of turbid mash. "JiangZuo", here refers to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. "Immersion" means "intoxication". This sentence contains two allusions, Su Dongpo's "Drinking Poems with Tao Yuanming": "The Taoist mourners lose themselves and are unclear in their speech." Jiang Zuo is a man of the wind, and he also seeks fame while drunk. Yuanming is uniquely halal, and he talks and laughs all his life. Du Fu's "Obscure Day Search for Cui Jie Li Feng": "Turbid mash has a wonderful reason, and Shu uses comfort to sink and float." "How can those in Jiangnan who are drunk and thirst for fame and fame realize the true meaning of drinking?" Taken together, these two allusions ostensibly say that the scholars and doctors of the Eastern Jin Dynasty only knew how to seek fame and fortune, but in fact they were satirizing the Fact that there were no Tao Yuanming-style drinking masters in the Southern Song Dynasty, but only some bureaucrats who pursued fame and fortune. Tao Yuanming did not know the sound, and so did the lyricist.
Looking back, the clouds flew up. When he was drunk, he turned back and groaned, and the clouds would fly and the wind would blow. This sentence also has an allusion, Liu Bang's "Song of the Great Wind" in the Han Dynasty: "The wind rises and the clouds fly, Wei Jia Hai Nei returns to his hometown, and Ande the fierce soldiers guard the four directions!" "The Song of the Great Wind is a work of great spirit, a work of meritorious achievement, and when it is written here, the lyricist is gradually becoming more and more energetic!
(Word Intent)
I don't hate the ancients, I don't see, I hate the ancients, I don't see my crazy ears. I don't hate that I can't see my crazy predecessors, I only hate that my predecessors can't see my madness. This allusion comes from the "Nanshi Zhang Rong Biography": "Rong Chang sighed: 'Don't hate me for not seeing the ancients, hating the ancients for not seeing me.'" Neglect is only a state of the lyricist, and what he wants to express is actually the loneliness and sorrow that the whole world does not know.
He who knows me, the second and third sons. The allusion used in this sentence is familiar to everyone, and it is the Analects, in which the Analects of the Eight Nobles: "The second and third sons, why do you suffer from mourning?" The Analects of Shuzhi: "The second and third sons are hidden from me? I have nothing to hide! I have no way to do without the second and third sons, it is Qiu Ye. Confucius called his disciples "second and third sons," which the author borrowed here to refer to his confidants and friends. The people who know me well are still only a few friends. It is impossible to verify who xin's "second and third sons" refer to, but we may as well regard this "second and third sons" as a synonym for "a small number of acquaintances", and even the "second and third sons" contained in the lyricist's pen, including the predecessors in the allusions used in the words, including Confucius, Tao Yuanming, Li Bai, and so on...
(The Life of the Ancient Masters)
It is a poem of sympathy for the landscape, but Xin Shuyi contains too much bitterness of the world's ignorant voices and dissatisfaction with the world's competitors for fame and fortune. He was very fond of this poem, according to Yue Ke's "Shu Shi Vol. III", which records that Xin Zhiyi "will order the waiter to sing his song and compose his work, and the special song "He Groom" recites his aphorism: 'I see how feminine Qingshan is, and I see that Qingshan should be like this', and also knows: 'I don't hate the ancients, I don't see, I hate the ancients who don't see my crazy ears' Every time I come here, I laugh at myself, and the consultant sits on the guests."
The most amazing thing is that the whole word uses one allusion after another to express heroism and self-adaptation, but it expresses the loneliness and bitterness of resignation and idleness.
([Love Tang Song Ci] No. 80, the picture comes from the Internet, the copyright belongs to the original copyright owner)