Wen | Xia Shaoyi
【Abstract】:Among the landscape paintings of previous dynasties, the achievements of landscape painting in the Yuan Dynasty are the highest. Huang Gongwang stood out among many landscape masters and ranked first, he was deeply impressed by the true biography of Zhao Mengfu, pushed Dong Jushan water to the right vein of landscape painting, changed the habit of Chen Chen Xiangyin, and created a new style of landscape painting. Through Huang Gongwang's handed down landscape paintings, this article analyzes how his "light ink dry pen" pen is interspersed with changes, and why is it difficult for future generations to surpass?
Keywords: Huang Gongwang; landscape painting; brushwork; pen and ink lines;
Yuan Huang Gongwang Landscape "Light Ink Dry Pen"
First, what is "light ink dry pen"?
Light ink dry pen, as the name suggests, it is not difficult to understand, in fact, it is one of the many methods of landscape painting, the pen head is relatively dry, and the ink color is very light. This method of piling was developed and changed on the basis of Dong Ju's "Phi Ma Chuan", but its lines were longer and looser. This method of writing, seemingly simple, is actually difficult to get just right in place. It can be seen from the landscape paintings of the Ming and Qing dynasties that most of the landscape painters, especially the landscape paintings of the "Four Kings" of the Qing Dynasty. They more or less learned to use this method, but it was just a little bit worse, either too dense, breathless, very rigid, or too loose, too weak breath.
Yuan Huang Gongwang "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map" dry pen light ink 001
Second, what is the key to Huang Gongwang's "light ink dry pen" with pen action? How do lines intersperse the organization?
Huang Gongwang's "light ink dry pen" is all calligraphy pens, pens and pens are written, using the calligraphy "unveiling" brushwork. What is "unveiling"? Unveiling the pen means lifting the pen and lifting the pen.
Unveiling: It means to open and pick it up, such as lifting the lid of the pot.
That is to say, in the process of writing, gradually lift the pen. Use the pen to be crisp and decisive, bold and affirmative, and not hesitate. Don't stop in the process of pulling the line, the pen hair, in one go, until the whole work is painted, so that the brush stroke completely runs through the entire picture.
Yuan Huang Gongwang "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map" dry pen light ink 002
The line interspersed organization in Huang Gongwang's landscape painting is like this: the two lines are generally to avoid parallelism, if you accidentally draw parallelism in the process of writing, you must consciously use the third line to break it, not to be parallel and rigid. The lines close to the contour lines are appropriately denser, gradually transitioning to a looser combination of lines.
Fourth, the starting point of Huang Gongwang's "light ink dry pen" is like this.
1. Use one side of the pen to start the pen
Starting with a sharp pen is to start the pen with a small tip, and there is no need to twist the wrist between the midline of the pen and the midline of the line pen, which is the simplest starting pen. Take the momentum in the air, the flanker cuts in with the trend, and turns into a center line.
2. Change the front on both sides
Use both sides to start the pen, the pen and the line pen use different belly, to twist the wrist once to adjust the pen core. The pen can be sharpened on both sides, either from the left or from the right.
3. Hide the pen
The Tibetan front is to start the pen in reverse, and when entering the pen, go around a circle to erase the sharp edge marks. The rotation is clockwise or counterclockwise.
Yuan Huang Gongwang "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map" dry pen light ink 003
Fifth, the key to the "unveiling of the pen" in Huang Gongwang's "light ink withered pen" is like this.
1. Broken tail
Write it out with a frustrated pen, that is, in the process of quickly pulling the line, suddenly the pen is frustrated and the tail is broken.
2. Round tail
Write it out with a pen, that is, in the process of writing, the pen is vigorously lowered, and the pen tip is returned to the top to close the pen.
3. Sharp tail
Drag it out directly with the center flanker, revealing the small tip. This kind of closing pen is more likely to appear the phenomenon of flicking the pen, resulting in an ugly rat tail. How to avoid it? The key is to calm down when closing the pen, relax your wrists, and at the same time hold the pen shaft, and the pen force is sent to the end of the pen line.
Yuan Huang Gongwang "Fuchun Mountain Residence Map" dry pen light ink 004
VI. Conclusion.
Huang Gongwang's pen essentials of "light ink and dry pen" seem simple, but in fact, it is very difficult to control to the right realm. In addition to practicing calligraphy more, it is also necessary to do more training in "pulling lines" and practice true knowledge. Only in this way can we draw rich and varied, high-quality, full and thick pen and ink lines, so as to have a strong vitality.