In 1980, the drama film "Yang Sanjie's Complaint" starring Gu Wenyue was released, which quickly swept the north and south of the river, and the then 35-year-old Gu Wenyue portrayed Yang Sanjie's beautiful and agile, witty and courageous, and her "high-pitched but rounded, low-back especially pure" commentary singing, which made the audience fascinated, but also made the art of commentary popular in the country. On November 6, Gu Wenyue appeared at the scene of the "First Art Union 2020 Opera Film Exhibition" to give the audience a pre-screening guide to "Yang Sanjie's Complaint", and many fans came to enjoy Mr. Gu's on-site interpretation. Recently, this reporter came to Teacher Gu Wenyue's home in Beijing and conducted an exclusive interview with her.
Gu Wenyue Photo: Wang Jinyue
Before the death of the prototype of Yang Sanjie
Only to watch "Yang Sanjie's Complaint"
A light rain added a touch of coolness to Beijing in early winter, but the courtyard was full of golden leaves, which still made people feel a kind of life after maturity. Teacher Gu Wenyue, 75, warmly received the reporter.
Although far away from the stage, Gu Wenyue was not idle. This year, she participated in the "Angels Around" theme performance launched online by Beijing Performing Arts Group on the day of "International Nurses Day" to pay tribute to the "most beautiful retrograde white soldier". Gu Wenyue and his disciple Wang Lijing jointly performed the "Flower Name" singing section of "Flowers as Media" to reproduce the art classics. As early as April 24, Hubei Satellite TV broadcast the original commentary singing section of "The Whole People Fight to Stop the Epidemic" recorded by 17 disciples led by her. Because these disciples are scattered all over the country, it is very difficult to record, first the disciples each use their mobile phones and accompaniment tapes to record each person's singing sentences, and then transmit them together for post-synthesis, which is very laborious. Fortunately, after the program was broadcast, it was well received by the audience.
On October 22, Teacher Gu Wenyue also went to Capital Normal University to give a lecture entitled "Pro-People Drama Genres - Commentary", and sang a number of classic works on the spot, which won warm applause.
In the 2020 Xiqu Film Festival's pre-screening guide, Zhonggu Wenyue revealed that in 1983, after the release of "Yang Sanjie's Complaint", Yang San'e, the prototype of Yang Sanjie, came to Beijing from Tangshan to see a doctor, and the 83-year-old Yang San'e watched the film for the first time. "At that time, there was a lot of criticism in the society about this story, which put a lot of psychological pressure on the elderly Yang San'e, so she has been avoiding not watching it." Gu Wenyue remembered that the first sentence the old man said after seeing her was, "The Yang Sanjie you played was much more beautiful than me!" Then she added, "Actually, the high kidnappers in the film (noble and) are not so bad in reality." Gu Wenyue immediately told her, "This is a movie, and there needs to be a dramatic conflict, so some adaptations have been made." Old Man Yang San'e exclaimed, "You acted too well, too good!" Unfortunately, the elderly Yang San'e passed away in the next year.
In order to perform "Xianglin Sister-in-law" to learn art with "strange tricks"
Gu Wenyue's academic career is legendary, she was born in 1945 in Gu'an, Hebei Province, and came to Beijing at the age of 4. When she was a child, she liked to listen to the works of famous artists such as Xin Fengxia on the radio. In 1959, he was admitted to the Beijing Experimental Critics Troupe, began to study drama critics at the age of 14, and a year later went to the Beijing Opera School for further study. After graduation, he entered the China Critics Theater and has been working here ever since.
Gu Wenyue participated in "Wise Tiger Mountain" and "Xiangyang Shop" in the early days, and in 1975, she played a "sharp girl" in "Horse Flying", in order to experience life, she went to Inner Mongolia to learn to ride a horse, and once the horse was shocked, she fell off the horse, resulting in hip fractures and sacral bone fractures, was carried down from the mountain, sent to the Three Hospitals of Beijing Medical University for emergency treatment, and has since left sequelae. Now, she can't walk for a long time, and after a long time, she will have an old disease.
In 1976, when "Jinsha Riverside" was remade, Gu Wenyue officially worshiped Xin Fengxia as a teacher, and she was also the first apprentice of Xin Fengxia in the China Critics Theater.
However, the most beloved work of her creative career is the 1977 rehearsal of "Xianglin Sister-in-law". Before that, Gu Wenyue sang Hua Dan and Boumen Dan, and never played Lao Dan, while Xiang Lin was a middle-aged and elderly woman who needed to take the "Lao Dan step". Gu Wenyue couldn't touch the door at first. Once in a rehearsal, she found that the actors on the side were crouching on the ground and laughing, and it turned out that everyone was laughing at her old Dan step too differently! This made Gu Wenyue cry urgently. At the critical moment, Dean Hu Sha thought of a trick, she proposed to take Gu Wenyue to visit a friend, Gu Wenyue did not know, at first did not want to go, but postponed repeatedly, or went. Arriving at a courtyard, Gu Wenyue looked up and saw an old lady, although neatly dressed, but her eyes were sluggish, and she sat quietly. After Gu Wenyue was stunned for a moment, he returned to his senses, "Isn't this exactly the look in Xiang Lin's sister-in-law's eyes after suffering countless blows from life?" She suddenly understood President Hu Sha's intentions, "It turned out that this old lady had just come out of the mental hospital, and President Hu used this obscure way to take me to find inspiration." ”
After going back, Gu Wenyue thought of a way, she called a basin of cold water, opened her eyes and soaked in cold water, "It didn't take long, the eyeballs became stiff, it looked like a sluggish look", "Art comes from life, but it is higher than life." Once in the snow, she walked in the snow, almost fell, she subconsciously tightened her front toes, arched her body, and balanced, "Isn't this exactly the gait that Xiang Lin's sister-in-law should have when donating the threshold?" "She suddenly got a knack for acting.
Worried about the artistic heritage of the drama
The band doesn't stop
In 1994, Gu Wenyue, who finished acting in "Tian Concubine", stopped starring and was only 49 years old at the time. After that, she served as the head of the "Youth League" of the Critics Theater and began to support young actors. In the years since, she has led the youth group to rehearse 13 big plays and 3 folding plays, and young actors are rehearsing plays every day.
In 1999, Gu Wenyue retired from the China Critics Theatre. In 2006, at the age of 61, she played Si Feng in "Thunderstorm" rehearsed by Cui Lianrun Studio in Tianjin, becoming a beautiful talk in the circle.
At present, Gu Wenyue has a total of 17 disciples, including Wang Lijing and Zhang Xiuyun in Beijing, Xu Wen in Tianjin, and Shi Guijing in Qinhuangdao. Gu Wenyue said that a good critic should have a "good voice, good appearance, good figure and good understanding." "Ordinary practice should be diligent, hardworking and full of exploration spirit, and we must be "virtuous and artistic." She chooses apprentices, usually first to teach the play, "because some apprentices are in the province and can't meet often, and in the process of teaching the play, you can see if she is this piece of material." ”
When the movie "Yang Sanjie's Complaint" was filmed that year, the production cost was less than 10,000 yuan, but after the film was released, it greatly led to the performance of the review drama "Yang Sanjie's Complaint", and Gu Wenyue saw the huge influence of the film. In her opinion, in the traditional drama genre, the drama has always kept pace with the times, and the commentaries she has played in "Seize the Seal" and "Xiangyang Store" have been made into movies. Gu Wenyue has also been innovating in creation, trying to make the drama close to life, for example, when she performed "Xiangfei" in 1992, she deliberately put the Xinjiang dance music on the commentary, so that the audience can suddenly understand the protagonist's Xinjiang identity. In recent years, when she rehearsed "Flowers as Media", she will use the technique of film, the original stage background is very simple, but now there are a variety of more symbolic backgrounds and transitions, especially attracting the attention of young people.
As the winner of the first drama "Plum Blossom Award" and the Chinese Golden Disc Award, Gu Wenyue has starred in countless classic works, including "Flower as a Medium", "Water Ice Heart Anti-Marriage", "Legend of the Camel Dragon" and so on. Gu Wenyue's life has been integrated with the commentary, and she has contributed her whole life to the commentary. But I have to say that the critics are also facing the dilemma of audience loss at present. At its peak, there were 13 screenwriters and seventeen or eight composers in the Chinese Critics Theater alone. But now, screenwriters are basically temporarily invited. "Talent is the key to the revival of drama," she suggested, adding that for these traditional arts, "proper state support is also very necessary." ”
In life, Teacher Gu Wenyue and his lover Zhang Yusheng have a deep love affair, and the two have a son, but the son does not learn to act. When her granddaughter was three years old, Gu Wenyue wanted to inspire her enthusiasm for singing, "but children just don't open their mouths." She used to love swimming, but as she got older, the swimming pool didn't recommend swimming anymore. Now she has time to walk in the courtyard with her lover, "My main task in the future is to continue to contribute to the inheritance and promotion of the drama." ”
(Original title: Gu Wenyue: "Yang Sanjie" three years after the release of the prototype Yang San'e dare to see)
Source: Beijing Evening News
Process Edit: u010
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