Luan County, Hebei, known as Luanzhou in ancient times, is an ancient city with a history of thousands of years, from the Shang and Zhou Warring States to modern times, leaving many eye-catching records.
Allusions such as "Yiqi Let Xian", "Old Horse Knows the Way", and "Seeking Ants for Water" are all derived from this.
In the Luanzhou Chronicle, since the Qin Dynasty, 18 emperors have toured Luanzhou 37 times. The famous Qin Shi Huang, Emperor Wu of Han, Cao Cao, Li Shimin, and Genghis Khan were among them.
Emperors such as Kangxi, Qianlong, and Jiaqing of the Qing Dynasty went on tour and visited Luanzhou seven times. The Qianlong Emperor not only inscribed the "Luanzhou" plaque on the city gate, but also built the "Cool Pavilion" in the eastern foothills of Hengshan Mountain, located in the north of the city, in the forty-third year of Qianlong (1778), leaving poems such as "It is difficult to give the scenery to the eye, and this Luanzhou has been here for thousands of years".
In modern times, Luan County, with its special geographical location in the customs fortress, frequent major events occurred, concerning the late Qing court and historical celebrities such as Yuan Shikai, Zhang Zuolin, Guo Songling, Feng Yuxiang, zhang Xueliang and so on.
In 1900, the Manchu Qing court was at the end of its rope, and the Boxer Rebellion in the Beijing-Tianjin area spread to Luanzhou. Local boxers established the "Righteous Shrine Group directly under the Kansai Tsuto-dongzan-ji Temple". Zhang Hong, a medicinal material merchant, made himself a master brother, punished evil and eliminated hegemony, and became famous among his neighbors, and was once rewarded with a yellow coat by Empress Dowager Cixi, who used the Boxer Rebellion for a while.
In August of that year, Zhang Hong led more than 5,000 Boxers to attack the Eight-Nation Alliance Station stationed at the Liangting Railway Station, and fought a fierce battle at the foot of Hengshan Mountain, but the boxers who declared that "knives and guns could not enter" were still defeated by foreign guns and cannons.
At the end of October 1911, when the Xinhai Revolution broke out, when Yuan Shikai sent Feng Guozhang to lead troops to attack the Hankou rebel army, Zhang Shaozeng, the general of the 20th town of the New Army in Luanzhou, joined forces with Wu Luzhen, Lan Tianwei and others to suddenly launch the "Bingzhi" incident. They sent a telegram in Luanzhou to submit an ultimatum to the late Qing court the "Twelve-Point Political Platform".
The "BingZhi" in Luanzhou and the uprisings in Taiyuan and other places in the north dealt a fatal blow to the Qing court. The imperial family of Zaifeng and Yi Li, who were in power, was suddenly in chaos and had no choice but to resign from the official positions they had assumed.
In early 1912, Wang Jinming, Shi Congyun, Feng Yuxiang and others accepted the instructions of the League to launch an uprising, and on January 3, Luanzhou was declared independent and the "Northern Revolutionary Military Government" was established. On January 4, the revolutionary army rode westward, preparing to directly attack the Qing court. Unexpectedly, it was suppressed by the qing Dynasty's Tongyong Town general Wang Huaiqing led by his troops. Wang Jinming and Shi Congyun were lured to negotiate in the Qing army camp and were arrested and executed. Help Feng Yuxiang escape.
During the two zhifeng wars between Zhang Zuolin and Wu Peifu, Luanzhou was Zhang Zuolin's base camp and headquarters.
In early June 1922, after the disastrous defeat of the Fengjun army in the First Zhifeng War, Zhang Zuolin and his brother Wu Jun declared the independence and autonomy of the three eastern provinces in Luanzhou, and Zhang Zuolin was elected as the commander-in-chief of the security of the three eastern provinces.
What was even more shocking to Luanzhou was that in the winter of 1925, Guo Songling, a Fengjun general nicknamed "Guo Devilzi", telegraphed a rebellion here, causing a major incident of "defection" to Zhang Zuolin. Moreover, Guo Songling also brutally killed Jiang Dengxuan, a famous general of the Feng Army, here.
(Stills)
On November 25, 1925, Guo Devilzi commanded 70,000 rebel troops from Luanzhou to Shanhaiguan, and the Feng army was completely defeated. Xinmin was occupied on December 20, just over a hundred miles from Zhang Zuolin's Shenyang Shuai Mansion. Zhang Zuolin's throne of the Northeast was in jeopardy.
However, due to the conspiracy and intervention of the Japanese, coupled with the untrustworthiness and change of allies Feng Yuxiang and Li Jinglin, Guo Songling turned against him and ended in defeat and killing.
When the Huanggutun Incident broke out, Zhang Xueliang also chose to hide in Luanzhou Dajue Temple for 11 days and nights, secretly arranged the evacuation of the Feng army and the contingency, and sneaked back to Shenyang from Luanzhou makeup on June 17, 1928, to deal with the aftermath of Zhang Dashuai. Later, Zhang Xueliang and Bai Chongxi joined forces to besiege the Zhilu coalition army, and Luanzhou was also the main battlefield.
Luanzhou was the name of the Qing Dynasty. In 1912, the Republic of China was established. It is subordinate to Yongping Province. In 1913, it was renamed Luan County, but Luanzhou is still the customary name of the locals.
The far-reaching murder of the "Yang Sanjie Complaint" incident occurred in Gaogouzhuang, Luan County, in the third month of the lunar calendar in 1918 in the early Republic of China.
Gao Zhanying, a son of a rich family, hooked up with his fifth sister-in-law Jinyu and suspected that his wife Yang Shi (Yang Erjie) was obstructing his eyes, so he cruelly murdered his wife to death.
Because Niu Chuxian, the assistant trial (deputy county magistrate) of Luan County, embezzled money and perverted the law in the judgment and took people's lives, which in turn triggered the "Yang Sanjie Complaint" incident.
This incident not only made Luan County famous, but also made Yang San'e, a rural folk girl, a historical celebrity, and at the same time gave birth to the traditional masterpiece "Yang Sanjie's Complaint" on the stage of drama.
Yang Sanjie's complaint went through ups and downs, and finally sent the murderer Gao Zhanying to the gallows. But her own life also experienced a period of hardship and test, until after the reform and opening up, she raised her eyebrows and became a CPPCC member in Luan County and Tangshan City.
The negative image of the county official Niu Cheng is still active on the theater stage, and he is well-known all over the world for his "seven products".
His real niu Chuxian was born around the sixth year of Qing Guangxu (1880), and his hometown was Zaoqiang County.
Niu Chuxian enrolled in school earlier, and later was admitted to the county higher primary school and Zaoqiang Academy.
In the autumn of 1916, when Niu Chuxian learned that his friend Li Jinglin had joined the army and became an official in the Fengzhi department, he went to the northeast with his friend Jiang Guizhi, who was outstanding in martial arts in the county, to join Li Jinglin. Soon, Niu Chuxian became an aide-de-camp and Jiang Guizhi became the chief of the guards.
In early 1918, Li Jinglin was promoted to the position of chairman of the Senate of the Shaanxi Fengjun Command. At that time, changli, Luan county and other eight counties of Jingdong were under the jurisdiction of the Feng system. One day, Li Jinglin took the opportunity to recommend Niu Chuxian to Zhang Zuolin to luan county as a "helper judge", and Zhang Zuolin approved it. Niu Chuxian turned into a county official.
A few days after he took office in Luan County, there was a case of Gao Zhanying, the high dog Zhuang, who killed his wife Yang Erjie.
At that time, the county magistrate of Luan County was Chen Linrui, a native of Zhejiang, who had been in office for three years. After Gao Dogzhuang's life case, the Gao family quickly bribed Chen Linrui to cover up through Tian Diyun, vice president of the Luan County Chamber of Commerce.
Chen Linrui accepted the bribe, but seeing that Yang Sanjie and other Yang family members were disobedient, and the case was not small, he did not dare to rush to favor and exert pressure, and his attitude was ambiguous.
Later, Chen Linrui was afraid that the ugly deeds would be exposed, so he went to Beijing to find his own backstage mediation, and then he slipped away with dirty money.
The new county magistrate who was then sent refused to take over the mess.
The former county magistrate "ran away", and the new county magistrate refused to take office, which pushed Niu Chuxian, who was "helping to judge", to the forefront.
Soon, the family of the murderer Gao Zhanying paid a heavy bribe to Niu Chuxian, and also bought di bao and others to give perjury. Niu Chuxian made a wrongful judgment with a clear conscience.
According to legend, Yang Sanjie was dissatisfied with Niu Chuxian's verdict and committed suicide in the lobby on the spot. Niu Chuxian was anxious and wise, and wrote a "Jin" character on the cuff to show Yang Sanjie, suggesting that he go to the provincial capital Tianjin to file a complaint.
After Yang Sanjie's complaint came to an end, the warlord Li Jinglin scolded Niu Chuxian, a fellow villager, and blamed him for humiliating Zhang Dashuai. However, remembering his hometown feelings, Li Jinglin left Niu Chuxian by his side to wait for a period of time, and then sent him to become the governor of Changtu County, Liaoning Province.
In the Second Zhifeng War, Li Jinglin gained power. In November 1924, he was promoted to the commander of the directly subordinate security, and at the beginning of the following year, he became the directly subordinate military affairs inspector, and was also ordered by the Duan Qirui government to concurrently serve as the governor of the province.
Because Tianjin was relatively close to Luan County, Li Jinglin was worried that Niu Chuxian, who was an aide to him, had a bad reputation, so he asked him to stay away from Tianjin and become a governor of Shahe County.
During this period, the "Complaint of Yang Sanjie" created by Luan County playwright Cheng Zhaocai was staged everywhere, and due to Niu Chuxian's interference, it was banned in Zaoqiang and Shahe Counties.
After Li Jinglin lost power and went to the wilderness, Niu Chuxian served as governor of Wuyi County from 1926 to 1928.
After resigning as an official in the past half a hundred years, he returned to his hometown zaoqiang county and closed his old residence, rarely interacting with people, let alone mentioning the official scandal in Luan County that year.
In 1939, when the Japanese invaded Zaoqiang County, his family was bombed by Japanese aircraft, his daughter-in-law was killed, and he was also injured. The private house was also occupied by the Japanese and pseudo-gendarmerie.
Niu Chuxian's family was driven to live in the Sanli camp in the east of the city, and died of depression in 1940.
Luan County also has a rich revolutionary history.
At the beginning of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Luan County was reduced to a Japanese and puppet occupation zone. In July 1938, the anti-Japanese storm set off by the people of eastern Hebei first blew up from the north of The Port of Luan County, and 5,000 people participated in the Anti-Japanese League, and the first anti-Japanese democratic regime in eastern Hebei, "Fengluanqian United County", was also born here.
The anti-Japanese democratic regime in United County led the people of the whole county to be indomitable and cooperated with the Eighth Route Army to smash the five "public security strengthening campaigns" of the Japanese Kou. Mine warfare, tunnel warfare, anti-blockade, anti-sweeping, major traffic destruction, smashing fake townships, and other struggles were haunted, which greatly deterred the Japanese and traitors and made contributions to the final victory of the anti-Japanese struggle in eastern Hebei.
Here, the footprints of Li Yunchang, Yang Silu, Zeng Kelin, and other famous anti-Japanese generals fought, and Zhang Ji and other "twelve anti-Japanese heroes" who sacrificed heroically to rescue more than a thousand people in Xinggezhuang emerged.
In November 1948, the county seat of Luan county was liberated, and in November 1958, it was assigned to Tangshan City as Luanzhou District, and Luan County was soon restored.
In September 2018, with the approval of the State Council, the county was withdrawn and the county-level Luanzhou City was established, which was directly administered by Hebei Province and administered by Tangshan City.
Sincerely thank you to all friends for reading "Palm Spring and Autumn", if you like, you can click on the prompt "Subscribe" or "Follow" in the upper right corner of the column. Together, we appreciate historical anecdotes and reminisce about history... (Disclaimer: The reference materials and illustrations in this article are from the Internet)