As we all know, the "Map of the Upper River of the Qingming Dynasty" is a Confucian ink treasure, but few people know the secret behind this painting. For thousands of years, people have regarded the "Qingming River Map" as a treasure, but almost no one dares to touch it, because people who know the story behind this painting love and hate this ink treasure.
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For hundreds of years, it seems that all those who wanted to get the painting fell into a spell: they couldn't keep it. Soon after the Northern Song Emperor Huizong obtained it, the "Jingkang Revolution" broke out in 1127 AD, and the father and son of Song Huizong and Song Qinzong were captured by Jin Soldiers, and the Qingming River Map was stolen out of the palace. It was exiled for more than a century, until 1271 AD, when Kublai Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan, established the Yuan Dynasty, and the "Map of the Upper River of the Qingming Dynasty" was once again incorporated into the imperial palace.
After the Yuan Dynasty destroyed the Jin Dynasty, the "Qingming Upper River Map" was incorporated into the Inner House of the Yuan Dynasty, and there was a framed painting in the Inner House, and the framer saw that this painting was particularly good, so he made a fake painting, secretly replaced the "Qingming Upper River Map", and then sold the real painting, and the famous paintings of the ages were once again lost to the people.
In the Ming Dynasty, the traitorous minister Yan Song harmed the loyal fish and meat people, wantonly plundered the people's fat and people's ointment, and after more than 20 years of power, the "Qingming River Map" fell into his hands again. After Yan Song got the "Qingming River Map", his nightmare also began. In March 44, Emperor Sejong issued a holy decree to cut Yan Song's citizenship to the people, and his son Yan Shifan was tied up and sent to Xishi to be beheaded for public display. After Yan Shifan was beheaded, his family property was all confiscated, yan Song was also homeless, and had to send food to the tomb, and the evening scene was desolate, and the "Qingming River Map" was also sent to the imperial palace for the third time after Yan Song was raided.
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After the "Map of the Upper River of the Qingming Dynasty" entered the Inner Palace of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Xizhong, the Duke of Chengguo, liked the painting very much and hoped that the Longqing Emperor could give him the painting. However, before the painting could be given, the chest of the Inner House Cabinet was stolen, and the Qingming River Map disappeared again. According to the historical records, at that time, there was a small eunuch who thought that the "Qingming River Map" was too precious, so he stole it, and when he stole it, he saw the person in charge of the warehouse custody come over, and the little eunuch was very scared, so he secretly hid the map in the royal ditch, that is, in the sewer. However, it rained for three consecutive days and destroyed the map. The little eunuch naturally could not escape death, and everyone in the world thought that the "Qingming River Map" was also destroyed.
However, during the jiajing emperor, the people also circulated a "Map of the Upper River of the Qingming Dynasty", and after Lu finished the inscription, there was the handwriting of the great eunuch Feng Bao, and the truth was revealed. It turned out that the "Map of the Upper River of the Qingming Dynasty" was not damaged, and the legend of the famous painting destroying the corpse was just a story made up by Feng Bao. The author of the last generation of Ming Dynasty inscriptions on the "Qingming Upper River Map" is the eunuch Feng Bao. Once, when Feng Bao saw that the court painter was sorting out the paintings alone, he asked the little eunuch to invite the painter out to drink, drunk him, and then took out the painting for himself. In order to hide his eyes and ears, Feng Bao planted the little eunuch and put him to death. Feng Bao, who had obtained the "Map of the Upper River of the Qingming Dynasty", did not have many good days, and his arrogance made the Ming Shen Sect at that time quite dissatisfied. Because of the private collection of the "Map of the Upper River of the Qingming Dynasty", the Ming Shen Sect was furious and ordered Nine Major Crimes for Feng Bao. The whereabouts of the "Qingming Upper River Map" are once again unknown.
During the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dynasty, the Qianlong Emperor, who was extremely fond of calligraphy and painting, ordered the Inner Palace to search for the original copy of the "Qingming Upper River Map", although some tibetan copies were found, but the Qianlong Emperor was not satisfied after reading it, and Qianlong believed that the "Qingming Upper River Map" had been lost. Therefore, the Qianlong Emperor ordered five painters of the Qing Palace Painting Academy to work together in 1736 to redo one, which can be said to be based on the imitation of each dynasty and the works of each family- the Qingyuan Ben "Qingming On the River Map", which is now collected in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. Qianlong's large-scale redo, people thought that this "ten perfect old man" should have no reason to look away, so at that time, the world thought that Zhang Zeduan's true book had probably disappeared from the human world. It was not until the late Qianlong period, when the Qing court was raiding the home of Bi Yuan, the governor of Huguang, that the original "Map of the Upper River of the Qingming Dynasty" reappeared in the jianghu, and then sent to the imperial palace again, and has been treasured by the Qing palace ever since.
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The last owner of the Qingming River Map is Puyi, the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty. Puyi stole it from the imperial palace, and this famous painting has always been regarded as a treasure by Puyi, and brought it to the imperial palace of puppet Manchukuo. After Japan announced its unconditional surrender, the Japanese told Puyi to fly from Tonghua to Shenyang and then change to a large plane to fly to Japan. Puyi was like a bird of fright, confused, and could not take care of his thousands of treasures, but only took the suitcase containing the "Qingming Upper River Map" and took a few henchmen with him, and hurriedly followed the Japanese. Just when Puyi was preparing to fly away at Shenyang Airport, he suddenly heard a deafening sound of aircraft motors, several Soviet aircraft landed, and soon the airport was full of Soviet soldiers, and Puyi was arrested.
However, the Soviets did not find the ancient famous painting "Qingming Upper River Map" from Puyi, and some people said that when Puyi escaped from the puppet Manchu Palace, he left a large number of treasures in the puppet Manchu Palace, and the "Qingming Upper River Map" may still be there. Some people also say that Puyi fled to the Big Chestnut Ditch with the "Qingming Upper River Map" and may have stayed there. According to Puyi's recollection, in order to seize these precious calligraphy and paintings, the Soviets went to the Puppet Manchu Imperial Palace and the Great Chestnut Ditch three times and did not find the "Qingming River Map". Puyi was also very puzzled, because he was sure that when he escaped from the palace, he did take the "Qingming River Map", but after arriving at the airport, because the Soviets called in, he did not care about anything.
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On July 7, 1949, the Liaoning Provincial Museum was established and opened in Shenyang, which was the first museum opened in New China. The local government allocated the calligraphy, paintings and cultural relics collected from various places to the museum, and let the museum receive the inventory. In early 1951, the 37-year-old Yang Renkai and his colleagues were tasked with counting cultural relics, many of which Puyi had lost in the northeast. One day, Yang Renkai and his colleagues came to the museum's temporary warehouse as usual, ready to sort out and identify the calligraphy and paintings. Just in the process of everyone's careful sorting, suddenly a staff member greeted everyone happily, "Come and see, is this "Qingming River Map" a good thing?" "Everyone looked around, and sure enough, the painting was exquisite and the brushwork was excellent, which was better than many imitations of the painters of the qing palace and the Qing Palace."
Many people present judged that this painting should be from the hand of the Ming Dynasty painter Qiu Ying, although it is not a genuine work, it is still a work of very high artistic value. Just when everyone was still immersed in the joy of discovering a good work, a picture scroll that had been screened into a pile of fakes attracted Yang Renkai's attention, because the inscription of this dilapidated picture scroll also had the words "Qingming On the River Map", Yang Renkai took it by the hand, of course, for this picture scroll, he did not care at that time. But as the picture scroll unfolded little by little, Yang Renkai could not contain the surprise and joy in his heart, and he was calmed by this ancient painting, which is the real "Qingming River Map"!
After that, this long scroll was quickly transferred to the State Administration of Cultural Heritage in Beijing, and after further examination and appraisal by experts, it was confirmed that this long scroll was the original "Map of the Upper River of the Qingming Dynasty", which has been famous for thousands of years. It turned out that Puyi did drop the "Qingming Upper River Map" at Shenyang Airport, and was later picked up by the airport staff, but they did not know that it was a rare treasure, so they handed it over and kept it in the temporary warehouse of the Northeast Museum.
After experiencing the vicissitudes of the world, the "Map of the Upper River of the Qingming Dynasty" that came out for nearly a thousand years was finally treasured into the Palace Museum in Beijing after the founding of New China, and now it has become the "treasure of the town courtyard" of the Palace Museum in Beijing.