Speaking of "Qingming Riverside Picture" is no stranger to everyone, it is a long scroll painting created by the Northern Song Dynasty painter Zhang Zeduan, which vividly depicts the prosperity of the Qingming Dynasty in Tokyo (now Kaifeng, Henan) in the Northern Song Dynasty.
As the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, Tokyo was not only a political, economic, and cultural center, but also an important hub for medical and pharmaceutical trade at the time. In the "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival", the appearance of the pharmacy not only shows the development of the pharmaceutical industry at that time, but also reflects the importance of health and medical treatment in the Song Dynasty society.
Today, let's use this famous painting to discuss the pharmacy in Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty.
The prosperity and social function of pharmacies in the Northern Song Dynasty
In ancient China, the pharmacy was not only a place where medicines were traded, but also a place where medical services were provided. The existence and development of pharmacies reflects the state of a society's medical level and public health awareness. During the Northern Song Dynasty, pharmacies were found in cities and villages, and were the main way for people to obtain medicines and medical services.
For example, there are many depictions of pharmacies in the "Qingming Riverside Map", showing the prosperity of the pharmaceutical industry in Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty. The layout and decoration of the pharmacy and the bustling crowd in front of and behind the store reflect the activity of the pharmaceutical market at that time.
Moreover, in the Northern Song Dynasty, pharmacies not only sold Chinese herbal medicines, but also included over-the-counter medicines prepared by doctors, and some even engaged in diagnosis and treatment services.
The development of such an abundance of pharmacies was also closely related to the policies of the Song Dynasty government. The government of the Song Dynasty attached great importance to public health and medical security, and regulated and promoted the development of the pharmaceutical industry through measures such as the establishment of government-run pharmacies and the implementation of pharmacopoeia.
As an important part of the private medical system, pharmacies not only meet the daily medical needs of the people, but also play an important role in public health emergencies.
Through the analysis of the Chinese medicine shops in the Qingming Riverside Map, we can have a deeper understanding of the development of the pharmaceutical industry in the Northern Song Dynasty and the importance that society attached to health and medical treatment at that time. Pharmacy is not only an aspect of economic activities, but also an important embodiment of social culture and people's livelihood.
The prosperity of Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty and the development of the pharmaceutical industry
As we all know, Tokyo was one of the most prosperous cities in the world at that time, and its economic, cultural and social life was extremely rich. The picture scroll is 5.28 meters long and 24.8 centimeters high, vividly reproducing all aspects of the city's daily life.
From the city's markets to the farmlands on the outskirts, from shops, teahouses to pharmacies, the Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival shows the prosperity of all walks of life in Tokyo during the Northern Song Dynasty.
As part of it, the pharmacy reflects the development of the pharmaceutical industry during the Northern Song Dynasty. The pharmacies in the paintings are generally located on a bustling street, with a constant flow of people in front of the door, and various medicinal materials and medicines are displayed in the store, reflecting the important position of the pharmacy in the society at that time.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, the pharmaceutical industry has developed significantly, which is inseparable from the government's attention and policy support. The government of the Song Dynasty set up a government-run pharmacy to be responsible for the procurement and distribution of medicinal materials, as well as to supervise the quality of medicines.
The government has also compiled official pharmacopoeias, such as Taiping Shenghui Fang and Taiping Huimin and Pharmaceutical Bureau, to regulate the use and preparation of medicines. These measures not only improve the level of medicine, but also promote the standardized development of the pharmaceutical industry.
Pharmacy was widespread in the cities and villages of the Northern Song Dynasty and was the main way for people to obtain medicine and medical services. Medicines sold in pharmacies include Chinese herbal medicines, proprietary medicines, and some simple medical devices. Pharmacy owners usually have some medical knowledge, and some also offer diagnosis and treatment services. The operation of a pharmacy is not only a commercial activity, but also a part of medical services.
The pharmacy and its operation in the "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival".
In the "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival", we can see the specific image of the pharmacy. The spacious façade of the pharmacy in the painting is hung in front of the store, with a variety of herbs and medicines on display, and behind the counter are the proprietors or clerks who are busy grabbing and weighing the medicines for customers. These details vividly reproduce the actual situation of the Tokyo pharmacy in the Northern Song Dynasty.
Not only that, but the bustling crowd in front of the pharmacy also shows the importance of the pharmacy in the society at that time. The customers ranged from ordinary people to dignitaries who came to the pharmacy to buy medicinal herbs and seek medical advice. The pharmacy was not only a place for the sale of medicines, but also a place for social interaction and information exchange, reflecting the high level of concern for health and medical treatment in society at that time.
During the Northern Song Dynasty, the layout of the pharmacy was elaborate, with a business area in front of the store, and a warehouse or workshop in the back, which was used to store medicinal materials and prepare medicines. The furnishings in a pharmacy usually include medicine cabinets, counters, weighing tools, etc. The medicine cabinet is an important facility for storing and sorting medicinal materials, and the counter is a place for the owner or clerk of the pharmacy to communicate and trade with customers.
The operation of the pharmacy involves the procurement, storage, preparation and sales of medicinal materials. The procurement of medicinal materials is usually the responsibility of the pharmacy owner, who needs to have a wealth of knowledge of medicinal materials and be able to identify the authenticity and quality of medicinal materials. The storage of medicinal materials requires strict management to ensure the quality and efficacy of medicinal materials.
Pharmacies also need to prepare medicines according to the needs of customers, which requires the pharmacy owner or clerk to have certain medical knowledge and skills.
The role of pharmacies in social life
Drugstores played an important role in the social life of Tokyo during the Northern Song Dynasty. First of all, pharmacies are the main channel for the public to access drugs and medical services, providing people with convenient medical security. Secondly, pharmacies are also part of socio-economic activities, promoting the trade of medicinal herbs and the development of related industries. Pharmacy owners and clerks have earned the trust of customers and social recognition by providing high-quality medicines and services.
In addition, pharmacies have also played an important role in public health events. At that time, epidemics and disasters occurred from time to time, and as an important part of the private medical system, pharmacies actively participated in epidemic prevention and treatment work, providing medicines and medical support to help society tide over the difficulties.
The influence of the pharmacy on the society of the Northern Song Dynasty
In the Northern Song Dynasty, the pharmacy was not only a place for drug trading and medical services, but also an important part of social and cultural and economic activities. The development of the pharmacy reflected the importance attached to health and medical treatment in the Northern Song Dynasty, and also promoted the development and popularization of medicine.
1. Improving medical care: The popularization and development of pharmacies have made it easier for people to obtain drugs and medical services, and improved the overall medical level of society. Through the pharmacy, the public can not only buy medicinal herbs, but also get professional medical advice and treatment, thus improving the treatment effect and recovery rate of the disease.
2. Promote the trade of medicinal materials: As an important channel for the trade of medicinal materials, the pharmacy has promoted the development of the trade of medicinal materials. Through the contact and cooperation with the suppliers of medicinal materials from all over the world, the owner of the pharmacy has promoted the circulation and trading of medicinal materials and promoted the development of related industries.
3. Promote the development of medicine: The operation of the pharmacy requires the knowledge of medicinal materials and medical skills, and the owners and clerks of the pharmacy have accumulated rich experience and knowledge through practice, which has promoted the development of medicine. Pharmacies have also become an important channel for the dissemination of medical knowledge, popularizing medical knowledge and raising the health awareness of society through communication and service with customers.
4. Enriching social life: Pharmacy is not only a place for drug trading and medical services, but also a part of social life. The hustle and bustle in front of the pharmacy reflected the prosperity and vitality of the society at that time, and the pharmacy became a place for people to communicate and interact, enriching the content of social life.
The symbolism of the pharmacy in the "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival".
The pharmacy in "The Riverside Scene of Qingming Festival" not only shows the prosperity of the pharmaceutical industry in Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty, but also has a certain symbolic significance. As a symbol of medical treatment and health, the pharmacy reflected the importance that society attached to health and medical treatment at that time. The existence and development of the pharmacy was an important symbol of the prosperity and progress of the Northern Song Dynasty.
The image of the pharmacy also reflects the commercial civilization of the Northern Song Dynasty. Through the "Qingming Riverside Map", we can see the prosperity of the pharmacy as a commercial place, which is not only the embodiment of the economic development of the Northern Song Dynasty, but also an important part of commercial civilization. The business model and service concept of the pharmacy reflected the business spirit and service consciousness of the society at that time.
The influence and enlightenment of the development of pharmacies in the Northern Song Dynasty
Through the analysis of the Chinese medicine shop in the Qingming Shanghe Tu, we can summarize the experience and lessons of the development of the medicine shop in the Northern Song Dynasty, and provide reference for the development of the pharmaceutical industry in later generations.
1. Pay attention to policy support: The Northern Song Dynasty government's attention and policy support for the pharmaceutical industry is an important guarantee for the development of pharmaceutical stores. Through the establishment of government-run pharmacies and the compilation of pharmacopoeias, the government has standardized the development of the pharmaceutical industry and improved the quality of drugs and medical standards. This provides important enlightenment for the role of modern government in the development of the pharmaceutical industry.
2. Pay attention to quality management: The operation of pharmacies requires strict quality management to ensure the quality and efficacy of drugs. During the Northern Song Dynasty, pharmacy owners paid attention to identifying and managing the quality of medicinal materials in the process of purchasing and storing medicinal materials, which has important reference significance for the quality control of modern pharmaceutical enterprises.
3. Improve service level: As a provider of medical services, the service level of pharmacies directly affects customer satisfaction and trust. During the Northern Song Dynasty, pharmacies won social recognition through high-quality service and professional medical advice. Modern pharmaceutical companies should learn from this experience to improve service levels and customer satisfaction.
4. Actively respond to public health incidents: Pharmacies have played an important role in responding to epidemics and disasters, and actively participated in epidemic prevention and treatment. This provides valuable experience for modern society to respond to public health events, and emphasizes the importance and social responsibility of the civil healthcare system.
epilogue
Through the image of the pharmacy in the "Riverside Scene of the Qingming Festival", we can fully understand the pharmacy in Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty and its important role in social life.
Pharmacies are not only places for drug trading and medical services, but also an important part of socio-cultural and economic activities. The Northern Song Dynasty government's emphasis and policy support for the pharmaceutical industry promoted the development of pharmacies and improved the overall medical level of the society.
The development of the pharmacy not only reflected the prosperity and progress of the Northern Song Dynasty society, but also provided valuable experience and lessons for the development of the pharmaceutical industry in later generations. Attaching importance to policy support, paying attention to quality management, improving service levels and actively responding to public health events are the successful experiences of the development of pharmacies in the Northern Song Dynasty, which are worthy of reference and learning from modern society.
Resources:
CNKI - Liu Shun'an - talks about the pharmacy in Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty from "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival".