What is time for you? It's today's plan that requires doing everything well in different time periods to complete the day's tasks. It is a memory of the past, preserved in photos or videos, and when you see it, you remember the old days. Or the imagination of the future, there are different possibilities at different times.
Human life span is only a few decades, and we always hope to achieve unlimited possibilities in a limited time. After aging, people may say, "I don't have much time left." ”
Time is to a large extent a "tool" for people, but unlike the substance that can be held in the hand, time is invisible and untouchable. As a scale of record, it tells us that in the passage of time, we must grasp the present moment. Time, on the other hand, is irreversible, and the past will pass forever and become history. Lamenting about the past, as well as uncertainty about the future, has also made many people always hope to turn back the clock. But does time really exist?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="208" > time</h1>
Life often says that time is very simple, one hour and one minute and one second, and the hands walking on the dial represent the time of moving forward. This gives us a clearer understanding of everything around us, and at some point in time I understand that I know what I should do, and all this is happening without the operation of time.
In the physical definition, time is a scalar, through which the sequences of the past, present, and future can be deduced, and it is also the fourth dimension outside the three-dimensional system of space. In addition to these aspects, in philosophy and religion, time is also a topic that has been discussed by many scholars.
Philosophically, time is considered to be the basic structure of the universe, the dimension that appears in sequences, and one of the classic exponents is Isaac Newton. In another school of thought, time is not a substance in any one dimension, but more like a concept of "mind" that facilitates human thinking and the division of material movements. Time here is a kind of rule made by man, a kind of artificial meaning.
Although there are various statements on many levels, time has different feelings in the hearts of different people. From here, time seems to the masses more of a philosophical question than a scientific one. Because people's thinking and thinking come from subjective feelings, judgments based on common sense, and thinking from experience. But what if most of us are wrong in our understanding of time? Maybe it's just an illusion?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="213" > absolute spacetime in Newtonian time</h1>
In 17th-century Britain, a giant in the field of physics was born, and he was Isaac Newton. I believe that many people are not strangers, from the moment the apple fell on his head, to the discovery of gravity, most people learned about him in this story. Newton is so dazzling in academia that there are almost no people in the world who do not know Newton.
The reason why Newton is called a giant of the physical world is not only the basic discovery of gravity. Mechanically, he elaborated on the principle of conservation of momentum and angular momentum. In mathematics, he and Leibniz developed calculus. Important achievements in these two systems laid a deep foundation for the later development of physics, and calculus has now become an important guiding tool in mathematics.
Time is everywhere, and everything operates within the framework of time. Newton gave mechanics a theoretical basis in absolute space-time to describe the motion of objects in space. One of the key points is that absolute time does not change with any external action or observer. This is immeasurable and imperceptible, expressed only in mathematical form, and human observation can only observe the passage of time through the movement of objects.
The same is true of absolute space, which moves in absolute space-time to construct the world as we know it. By observing the absolute space-time state corresponding to the object, we recognize the passage of time.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="218" > Einstein's time</h1>
Absolute space-time under Newton's theory has long been an important guiding theory and tool for the physical community. But in the 20th century, classical physics began to gradually fail in the space of the universe, and people began to doubt the correctness of Newton's theory about space-time. In addition, at that time, the physics community also did not make substantial progress for a long time, and some scientists blindly and optimistically believed that the development of physics had come to an end. Until the emergence of Einstein, this embarrassing situation was directly broken.
In Einstein's eyes, time and space are hybrid, and there is no state of complete absoluteness, and both the gravitational pull and velocity of an object affect space-time. The faster the speed, the slower the time; the greater the gravitational pull, the slower the time. The theory of relativity was born here, and the emergence of general relativity and special relativity made everything that was originally changed dramatically.
The emergence of relativity is definitely not accidental, Einstein in early scientific research found that classical mechanics and electromagnetic fields can not exist with each other, special relativity developed at this time. Later, in gravity theory, the principles of relativity can be extended to the modeling of gravitational fields, and general relativity was published in 1915.
Since then, the theory of relativity has gradually replaced the theory of mechanics founded by Newton, revolutionizing physics and astronomy.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="223" > the practical significance of time</h1>
It is difficult for people to have a clear understanding of time as Newton and Einstein, and as ordinary people, we know time more about ourselves. In other words, in Newton's framework of absolute space-time, it is time that we are familiar with. In Einstein's argument that space-time, relative motion, and objects in different states, time will be different, so is time really an illusion?
In fact, it is not, the passage of time, let us feel their aging, age growth. But everyone's perception of time is different, and the speed of time may be more of a process than a result for people. In the theory of relativity, time is also a unit of measurement, and human aging and death are determined by changes in human beings themselves. Time is only an objective expression of this process, and even if there is no time, people will grow old.
In addition, Newton himself believed that time existed objectively and could not prevent the disappearance or birth of human beings. Whether time itself represents human aging is more of a philosophical elaboration than a scientific argument. People are not willing to accept this theory, in the long-term understanding, time is not so varied for us, it is in a relatively fixed pattern to guide our lives. The fusion of time and space makes it impossible to see the nature of time clearly, and people are more willing to accept the time frame as it was originally understood. This is one of the reasons why most people prefer Tonton's view of time to Einstein's view of time.
But even so, the theory of relativity is already a fact and cannot be ignored. A typical example is the influence of artificial satellites in the special theory of relativity, the extremely fast speed of artificial satellites will make the time above 7 microseconds slower per day; at the same time, under general relativity, the satellite is 10,000 kilometers away from the ground, the gravitational force is smaller than the ground, and the satellite time will be 45 microseconds faster than the ground. This jet lag effect requires time calibration of satellites at regular intervals, otherwise there will be problems with satellite navigation.
Time, the original very clear and certain concept suddenly became very vague, and became something that puzzled many people. However, one thing is certain that even if there is no absolute order and connection in time, we can still determine the sequence of events and organize the time process through causality.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="229" > free will under observation</h1>
If on a pure time scale, we may be able to see our own changes. In quantum theory, the elaboration of the "will" will also give people "illusions" and unknowable states.
The most famous experimental theory of quantum theory is "Schrödinger's Cat", which you will know even if you simply hear about quantum theory. In Schrödinger's cat experiment, since the cat could not be directly observed in the box, the survival of the cat depended on the moment it was opened. But the question is, did we confirm the cat's death when we opened the box or did the cat change before we opened the box? The interference of observations with the results gives the experiment the theory of "uncertainty".
The cat lives or dies, whether it is in the observation or before the formation of awareness of the cat's state of life and death. These two superimposed states give us many observations. For ourselves, the changes in life are as unpredictable as this cat, but with the scale of time, we can constantly correct our behavior through the changes around us, so that the results will develop in the direction we want.
This seems to illustrate that in consciousness we precede the result, which itself is an act of the will. But because of the chaotic superposition, the results may have already occurred, and our behavior is just one of many observational processes. This leads to the fact that an action may have multiple outcomes, and "I" will change differently in different time and space, so in many time and space, which one is the "I" itself? In other words, does the individual's behavior have the will of "me" itself, and which decision and action is "correct" in the time that man has?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="234" > choice in a variety of temporal senses</h1>
After experiencing the exploration of time, modern physics after Newton, Einstein and others, quantum mechanics and related research is also developing rapidly. Physicists' understanding of the world has changed dramatically, and it is no longer the simple way to see the world in the past.
Scientists' description of time is based on the movement of objects, while the perception of the world is more like seeing the essence through projection, what is an illusion, what is real? This cannot be defined. But to say that using quantum mechanics to explain nature is as inaccurate and objective as using relativity to explain human aging, they actually describe a view of nature.
The result chaos caused by the collapse phenomenon in the quantum state is disliked by many scientists, and the most direct reason is the "probability" problem. Our physics scholarship has always described and understood the world through different laws and laws, but collapse makes all laws unbelievable in observation.
People understand their surroundings through their own senses and feelings, and systematically expound the world through thinking and learning. Today's science can no longer use a single means to explore the problem itself, and it is very common for many disciplines to be interspersed. If we speak of time in a philosophical sense, I believe that everyone has their own perception and opinion on this. Is time real or a matter of motion?
If it is a scale marked with a tick, there is no passage of time because it is symmetrical, and there is essentially no difference between past and future time. If it is a flowing time, the "now" moment is constantly flowing forward, and the future, present, and past experienced by this moment in change will have different properties. Time is asymmetrical, and the next 1 second will be different from the last 1 second.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="240" > conclusion</h1>
We can't grasp the time and see the future changes. But we can feel the passage of time, and the two great physicists, Newton and Einstein, have already revealed everything about "time". And in the present moment we can make every choice, whether you identify with or choose which concept of time, every choice you make is correct. Even in different time and space, whether you choose or not, the "choice" of change itself will still create the future you, and living in the present is the best.