Jin Yong's novel "Eight Parts of the Heavenly Dragon" often says "Northern Qiao Feng, Southern Murong", in fact, this handsome brother Murong Fu dreamed of restoring the "Great Yan" all day long, really existed in history, and it is indeed established by their Murong family, and most of the men of the Murong family in history are really high-value.
Speaking of the Murong family in history, it also has some relations with Sima Yi. During the Three Kingdoms period, Sima Yi rebelled against Gongsun Yuan in Liaodong Province, and a man of the Xianbei tribe named Mo Hubao (born and died unknown) was enlisted as the "King of Leading Righteousness", and later Mo Huba established a state north of Zhicheng (present-day Changli, Hebei) – in fact, it was a tribal alliance. This is the origin of several Yan states of the Murong family.
Where did the Xianbei come from? It originated in donghu, a nomadic people of northeastern China. The "Five Hus" mentioned in the history books have this Xianbei tribe, and the other four are the Xiongnu, the Hun, the Qiang, and the Qiang. In addition to several "Yan states" of the Murong family, the Xianbei also established the Western Qin (Qifu family) and Southern Liang (bald family) of the Sixteen Kingdoms, as well as the Northern Wei (Tuoba family) and Northern Zhou (Yuwen family) of the Northern Dynasty. The two famous empresses of the Sui and Tang dynasties, the Dugu Empress of the Sui Wen Emperor Yang Jian and the eldest grandson empress of Emperor Taizong of Tang Li Shimin, were also Sinicized Xianbei people.
Where did Murong Get this surname? There is a saying that Mo Huba saw that the northern Han people at that time were particularly popular to wear a kind of "bu shaking crown" (now there are many costume dramas that appear in this kind of super beautiful headdress), and he was fascinated at a glance, so he also got a top for himself, wearing Mei Zizi all day, and the Xianbei people simply called him "Bu Shaking", and the Xianbei language "Bu Shaking" and "Murong" were very close, and it was passed down that "Murong" became the name of their tribe, and the surname of their royal family also became "Murong".
Fast forward to the Western Jin Dynasty, Mo Hubao's great-grandson, the handsome brother Murong Hui (269-333), had a great explosion of pride, and in 307 he called himself Xianbei DaDan Yu, the capital of Thorn City, he appointed Han people, developed farming, selected talents, strictly prohibited alcohol, and was absolutely politically enlightened! After the Western Jin Dynasty was destroyed by the Xiongnu Former Zhao (one of the Sixteen Kingdoms), Murong Xi remained ostensibly loyal to the Sima family's Eastern Jin Dynasty, but was essentially in a state of independence. The four Yan kingdoms were all founded by his descendants.
In 337, Murong Hui's third son, Murong Hui (297–348), established himself as the "King of Yan" and established the capital Longcheng (present-day Chaoyang, Liaoning). In 352, Murong Hao's second son Murong Juan (319-360) officially declared himself emperor and moved the capital to Jicheng (present-day northwestern Beijing). This was Former Yan, Murong Yu was "Emperor Xuanwu of Yan", Murong Hao was "Emperor Wenming of Yan", and Murong Yan was "Emperor Jingzhao of Yan".
Former Yan's might was shocked for a while, and Ran Min, the "Heavenly King of Wu Mourning" whose strength was comparable to that of King Chu, was destroyed by it, but after Murong Juan's death, Former Yan declined rapidly. The first "Yan" established by the Murong family lasted 33 years (counting from Murong Hao's claim to the throne), and was destroyed by Former Qin in 370 by three generations of monarchs.
After the collapse of Former Qin, Murong Chui's fifth son, Murong Chui (326-396), who was brave and good at war, successfully restored Yan in 367, with the capital at Zhongshan (in modern Dingzhou, Hebei, and later moving to Longcheng), the "Later Yan", murong Chui was also one of the Sixteen Kingdoms, lasted 24 years, and was replaced by Northern Yan by four generations of monarchs.
Although Northern Yan, which is also one of the Sixteen Kingdoms, is also called "Yan", it was not founded by the Murong family! Although it was not established by the Murong family, it had some relationship with the Murong family! Because the founding emperor of Northern Yan, "Emperor Huiyi of Yan" Gao Yun (?) –409) was the adopted son of Murong Bao (355–398, son of Murong Chui) the Emperor Hui of Later Yan, a Goguryeo man who was given the surname "Murong" when he was the adopted son of Murong Bao. However, Gao Yun was a puppet emperor, and the one who really held the real power of Northern Yan was the Han Feng Bao (?) –430, later became the Second Emperor of Northern Yan, i.e. "Emperor Wencheng of Yan")
When Murong Chui was alive, he destroyed a Western Yan, but this "Yan" was established by Murong Family, and the founder was Murong Juan's son Murong Hong (慕容漓) (?) —384), founded in 384, it was destroyed after ten years of stumbling, due to its short time and weak strength, historians simply did not include this Western Yan in the "Sixteen Kingdoms".
Founded in 398 by Murong Hao's younger son Murong De (335-405), The Southern Yan was one of the Sixteen Kingdoms, with the capital of Shuitai (present-day Hua County, Henan, later moved to Guanggu, northwest of present-day Qingzhou, Shandong). This regime was stronger than Western Yan, and its years were two years longer than Western Yan,410 by the Eastern Jin general Liu Yu, who was the Song Wu Emperor who later usurped the Jin Dynasty and founded the Southern Dynasty.
In addition to these Yans during the Sixteen Kingdoms period, the Murong family also established a khanate in the great northwest, and the founder Murong Tuguhun (c. 245 – c. 317) was the half-brother of Former Yan 'Emperor Xuanwu " Murong Kuo. The name of the khanate established by Murong Tuguhun was "Tuguhun", and the territory was mainly in the area around today's Qinghai, Gansu and Sichuan. When it came to the Sui Dynasty, in order to compete for the area around the Hexi Corridor, Tuguhun and the Sui Dynasty fought several times, although they were defeated each time, but they were indomitable and always disobeyed.
After the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, Murong Fuyun (?) of Tuguhun's khan Murong Fuyun (?) –635) again began to harass the Tang border, and Emperor Taizong of Tang decided to settle it once and for all. Interestingly, the rise of the Xianbei Murong family was related to a military master, Sima Yi, and the collapse of his final regime was also related to a military master, Li Jing, the god of war of the Tang Dynasty!
In 635, Li Shimin made Li Jing the commander-in-chief of the Western Sea Route march, commanding Hou Junji, Li Daozong and other five-way armies to attack the Tuguhun Khanate. The Tang army, despite the difficult road and lack of water and food, launched a series of fierce attacks on the Tuguhun army, and Murong Fuyun Khan was frustrated one after another, and had no choice but to flee. The Tang army persevered and continued to pursue and kill, and the main force of the Tuguhun army was basically wiped out. Fu Yun continued to run, deep into the Gobi. Li Jing sent the Tiele general QiFu He Li to lead 1,000 horses into the desert, and after discovering Fu Yun's tooth account, he kicked wildly, killed thousands, and captured Fu Yun's wife. Fu Yun, who had nothing, fled alone, but was slaughtered by his subordinates more than 10 days later (some versions say that he committed suicide), and Fu Yun's son had to obey and obediently returned to Tang. By 663, the titular Tuguhun had been completely destroyed by Tubo, who at that time was The Zampu of Tubo (the title of tubo king) was the grandson of Songzan Gampo, Mangsong Mangzan.
This article is written exclusively by Li Meng, like, remember to subscribe to this headline number.