This is The Northern Wei historian Cui Hong of the |'s Hometown Plain in Shandong

Wen | Wang Yujie Niu Shubin

Cui Hong (?) –c. 525), courtesy name Yan Twins, was a Native of Qinghe, Eastern Wei. Officials to the Yellow Gate Waiter, Scattered Horse Chang Shi, Qi Zhou Da Zhongzheng.

Cui Hong's hometown is in the present-day Shandong Plain. Thirty miles southwest of Pingyuan County, there was the county seat of Han Zhiyi County, which belonged to Qinghe County, the division of Sizhou during the Northern Wei Dynasty. Northern Qi, the county of Qi, the county seat of Qiao County and the surrounding areas (east of the Majie River), were assigned to Pingyuan County to this day.

According to the 1999 edition of Cihai, the 1984 edition of Ciyuan, and the 1994 edition of The Great Dictionary of Chinese Historical Figures (Xu Huanyu, editor-in-chief of the Yellow River Publishing House), Cui Hong, a native of Qinghe (now southwest of the Shandong Plain). Hong's father, Jingyou, was in charge of the management of case file data in Sizhou (in present-day northeastern Luoyang), and participated in state cases, but because of the suspicion of acceptance, he abandoned his official and absconded. Later, Liang Jun, who was too guarded, was worried by his birth mother and did not worship. So he meticulously practiced the Buddhist path, chanted the sutra day and night, cultivated himself and practiced strictly, and cooked food for the rest of his life.

According to the Biography of Cui Guang in the Book of Wei, Hong "reads a book a lot and has a broad history of the classics." Emperor Xiaowen of Wei was appointed as the Right Constant Attendant of the Kingdom of Pengcheng (present-day Xuzhou) in the 20th year (496 CE). Twenty-three years after Taihe, Emperor Xiaowen died. In 500 AD (the first year of the Jing Ming Dynasty), Emperor Xuanwu of Wei was pro-government, and the Northern Wei minister Cui Guang (Hongzhi's uncle) said: "(Cui) Hongsheng is a great trace, Wei Youzhang..." Recommend Cui Hong to write a history of Wei. Emperor Xuanwu did not allow it. In the third year of Jing Ming, he moved to Wailang and Shangshu Yu Cao Langzhong. Notes on the Emperor's Living. The emperor decreed that among the court ministers below Taishi and Pengcheng, thirty Confucian scholars and wise people should be selected to participate in the formulation of the law, and Cui Hong and Cui Guang were among them, and they were praised as honors. At the beginning of Yongping, Bai Zhaosheng, a native of Yuzhou, rebelled according to Hanghuan (present-day Runan County, Henan), and the general Xing Luan of Zhaozhennan (陳镇南) rebelled, and Cui Hong served as the commander of the wartime governor and assisted the military. He was moved to the three gonglangs, and added a light car general.

In the second year of Emperor Xuanwu of Wei 's reign (513 CE), the emperor ordered the organization of a major examination of the court's hundreds of officials, and Cui Hong found that the examination order was not feasible, so he suggested: "Seek talent for officials, make people use instruments, depose Youming, and Yang Qing is agitated, so that only those who perform as capable officials will be able to ascend to the throne." Since Emperor Xuanwu, he has taken the exam once every three years, and one exam has been transferred to one order. There are more than one person inside and outside the noble, who are not criminals, do not ask the wise and foolish, and do not go to the middle, and only then do they turn shoulder to shoulder with disdain. "The piano is not in tune, but it is more open, although the purpose has been fulfilled, it is better to hear the news." Cui Hong suggested canceling the exam, but Sejong Won did not comply. At present, he dares to speak directly, and he is unique in his official's upright character. In the fourth year of Yanchang, he added the backbone general, the constant attendant, and the zhongshan doctor.

Emperor Xiaoming of Wei (520 AD) was a former general. Xiu Gao Zu Yuanhong living note. In his later years, Cui Guang wrote the history of Wei, and planned to have a volume to record current events for posterity, and before his death, he wrote to Emperor Yuan: It is recommended that the history of Wei be completed by Cui Hong. In the fifth year of Zhengguang, Emperor Suzongyuan commanded Zhao Hong to revise the history of the country with his own officials. At the beginning of the xiaochang year, he paid homage to the Yellow Gate Attendant, and then Jia San rode Chang Shi and QiZhou Dazhongzheng.

Cui Hong, around the age of twenty, has the ambition to write. He saw that the History of the Jin Dynasty and the Wei Dynasty were all one family, and there was no ambiguity. In the last years of the Western Jin Dynasty, the upper echelons of various ethnic minorities took the opportunity to raise troops and establish political power, from Liu Yuan's claim to the throne in 304 AD to the unification of northern China by Northern Wei in 439, and in 135 years, the rulers of various ethnic groups successively established separate regimes in the north and Ba, including Chenghan, Erzhao (before and after), Three Qin (before, after, west), Four Yan (before, after, south, north), Wuliang (before, after, south, north, west) and the Sixteen Kingdoms of Xia, known in history as the "Sixteen Kingdoms". And because of the world, beyond the duty, each has its own national book, there is no unification, this is not normal. He surveyed the history books of the various princely states, distinguished between current events, and struck each book; broke the similarities and differences between the other, and made up for their deficiencies; and made up for their deficiencies. "Consider the old chronicles, delete the errors and fallacies, and set them as a record." Taking advantage of his leisure time, he wrote "Spring and Autumn of the Sixteen Kingdoms".

The editing process of "Spring and Autumn of the Sixteen Kingdoms". The "Wei Shu Cui Guang Biography" records that Cui Hong, from the beginning of the Jing Ming Dynasty (500 AD), collected the old history of various countries and sorted it out. "The family is poor and thin, but the only force is left alone, and as for the paper, the writing is not taken care of." By the end of the third year of the first year (506 AD), the grass was composed of ninety-five volumes. Only Li Xiong's signature, "The search did not find anything, so it was not completed in time, and I quit writing for a private request, and it has been seven years now." In the third year of Zhengguang (522 AD), he purchased the signature book. Zhengguang four years, the whole book is finished. Most of the books are old records, which still need to be added and revised, and those who are afraid of knowledge are responsible for not daring to travel outside.

During the reign of Emperor Yuan Ke of Wei Xuanwu, he heard that Cui Hong had written a history of the country, and he dismissed Zhao Yi, a regular attendant, to find Hong, and said: "Wen Qing has written all the histories, and even if they are consistent, they can be submitted with the adults, and they should be read in the leisure of opportunity." Cui Hong believed that the book involved political affairs in the early days of the Northern Wei Dynasty, and it was disrespectful to say much, and he did not dare to submit it.

When Cui Hong wrote the Commentary on the Emperor's Living Quarters, he vainly tried to record the Spring and Autumn of the Sixteen Kingdoms in his canonical history, but failed to do so. Hong's expression: Writing Spring and Autumn is the meaning of Cui Guang's life. Cui Guang "When the dynasty was precious, people who knew the times failed to invent it, but it was quite popular and read." After Guang's death, no one talked about it anymore, so "Spring and Autumn of the Sixteen Kingdoms" was shelved without success.

Cui Hong, Emperor Xiaoming of Wei died at the end of the year, and was called Zhen. Presented to General Zhendong, Duzhi Shangshu, and Qingzhou Assassin History.

Son of Hong, Nagomoto, Secretary Lang. During the Yong'an period (528-529 AD), his father's book: The Death of the Subject, Kao Hong, began to write zhizhi in his prime. At the end of the first year, the relics of Zhao, Qin, Xia, Liang, and Shu have been published, and on the day of the first dynasty, they have been draftly informed. Later, he sorted out and perfected "All the sixteen kingdoms, called spring and autumn, one hundred and two volumes, are the most well-known in modern times." It has not been played, and The Buddha dares to declare the stream. I write a copy and dare to present it. Later, Ziyuan plotted a rebellion and escaped. He was killed by his uncle, the Pelican.

The book "Spring and Autumn of the Sixteen Kingdoms" has never been published accurately, but the book has still been handed down, and the sales network of the Zhonghua Bookstore still contains Zhang Hong's book "Spring and Autumn of the Sixteen Kingdoms", and the sixteen volumes (mutilated) of the "Spring and Autumn of the Sixteen Kingdoms" can be booked. According to relevant information, the original scattered, now there is a Qing Dynasty Tang Qiu "Sixteen Kingdoms Spring and Autumn Supplement", in the biographical style to record the rise and fall of the Sixteen Kingdoms divided regime, the historical value is extremely high.

Cui Hong, a man of ancient and modern knowledge, is a man of great talent and ambition. Modern history books refer to Cui Hong as a historian.

(The authors are all researchers of the Historical and Cultural Research Association of Pingyuan County, Shandong Province)

The content of this article is published by the author of One Point and does not represent the position of Qilu One Point.

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