The Northeast Army is known as the most powerful Beiyang warlord army in China's modern history, and once defended Zhang Zuolin as the king of the northeast, resisted Japan, chased the central plains, and ruled Beijing. However, in the September 18 Incident, due to the policy of non-resistance of the upper military, this powerful force did not play an important role, but was saddled with shame. So where did this army of hundreds of thousands of people go after the outbreak of the War of Resistance?
Northeast Army
In June 1928, zhang Zuolin, the king of the northeast, was killed by the Japanese in Huanggutun, and his son Zhang Xueliang took over the Northeast Army, which numbered about 300,000 at that time. However, at the time of the outbreak of the September 18 Incident, not all of the more than 300,000 Northeast Troops were stationed outside Guanwai, of which more than 200,000 Northeast Troops were stationed in Guannei with Zhang Xueliang, while only more than 100,000 troops were stationed in the three northeastern provinces.
First, let's talk about the 200,000 Northeast Troops stationed in Guannei. After the outbreak of the September 18 Incident in 1931, these troops demanded to return to their hometowns, but with the rapid fall of the northeast, the northeast army that entered the customs became a rootless tree, and the hearts of the vast number of officers and men were floating, which also indirectly led to the occurrence of the "Xi'an Incident".
After the "Xi'an Incident," Zhang Xueliang was placed under house arrest, the leaderless Northeast Army fell into infighting, and Chiang Kai-shek's Nanjing government took the opportunity to reorganize and downsize it into 6 armies, turning the big into the small, turning the strong into the weak, and stationed in southern Henan, northern Anhui, northern Jiangsu, and other regions.
49th Army
In 1937, he participated in the Battle of Songhu, sniping at the Frontal Attack on the Japanese Army, suffering heavy losses, Chiang Kai-shek took the opportunity to replenish personnel to replace the officers of the Northeast with his confidants, and the Northeast Army was gradually digested and absorbed by the Kuomintang army.
51st Army
He successively participated in the Xuzhou Defense War, the Taierzhuang Defense War, and the Battle of Wuhan, and then went to the Lusu area to fight guerrilla warfare, suffering heavy casualties. During the Liberation War, the 51st Army was reorganized into the 51st Division and stationed at Zaozhuang. In January 1947, he surrendered to the East China Field Army.
53rd Army
After the "July 7" incident, stationed in the Pingjin area, under the attack of the Japanese army, suffered heavy losses, was forced to withdraw from the battlefield, and the lone army guerrilla attacked in the Taihang Mountains. After reorganization, it participated in the Battles of Northern Henan, Eastern Henan and Wuhan, and was later incorporated into the 20th Group Army of the Expeditionary Force to participate in the operation to open the Burma Road, and in November 1948, it surrendered to our Party's army in the Liaoshen Campaign. Among them, the 691st Regiment of the 346th Brigade of the 16th Division lost contact with the large troops during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in North China, and under the leadership of regimental commander Lü Zhengcao, they conducted guerrilla operations and created the anti-Japanese base area in the Jizhong Plain, and later this unit was formally organized into the Eighth Route Army sequence, and Lü Zhengcao became one of the few founding generals from the northeast.
57th Army
In 1937, he was stationed in Jiangsu, participated in the defense of Nanjing, and blocked the Japanese army on the periphery, suffering heavy casualties. Later, he participated in the Battle of Taierzhuang and fought a bloody battle against the elite Sakagaki Division of the Japanese Army, and was commended by the General Headquarters of the Battle. Later, he entered the Rusu Theater and carried out guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines. During this period, the senior generals of the 57th Army began to move towards reaction, and chang Endo, commander of the 111th Division, and Wan Yi, commander of the 333rd Brigade, resolutely resisted, resolutely declared an uprising, joined the Eighth Route, and reorganized it into the Coastal Detachment of the Eighth Route Army. In August 1945, the Binhai Detachment and other Shandong 8-way troops formed the "Northeast Advance Column" to advance into the northeast and cooperate with the anti-Japanese coalition army led by Zhou Baozhong to establish a democratic regime. In the Liberation War, he went down to Jiangnan three times, four bao Linjiang, fought bloody battles and four peaces, participated in the Liaoshen Campaign and the Pingjin Campaign, and fought all the way to Hainan Island. During the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, as a component of the 38th Army, it annihilated the US army in the Battle of Songkuo Peak and played the good name of the Banzai Army.
67th Army
In late August 1937, he participated in the North China Campaign to block the Japanese southern criminals, and was commended by the Supreme Commander's Department. At the end of October, he rushed to the Songhu battlefield, suffered heavy casualties, and the commander Wu Keren was killed, becoming the first Kuomintang lieutenant general to sacrifice his life for the country on the frontal battlefield after the beginning of the War of Resistance, but after the war, Wu was slandered by the Kuomintang authorities as "leading the rebellion and surrendering to the enemy on the front", Chiang Kai-shek took the opportunity to cancel the number of the 67th Army, downsized it to the 108th Division, and transferred to the command of the Kuomintang Central Army.
2nd Cavalry Corps
After the all-out War of Resistance, it has been blocking the Japanese army in the North China Plain, with great losses, and was changed to the Shenqiu and Xiangcheng areas on the henan and Anhui sides, and was later reorganized and digested and absorbed by the Kuomintang army.
The above is the end of the main force of the Northeast Army in Kannai at the time of the 9/18 Incident. Let's talk about the Northeast Army outside the Guan.
After the outbreak of the September 18 Incident, part of the Northeast Army outside Guanwai became the Northeast Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army and the Rehe Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army, with about 20,000 or 30,000 people, and this part of the bloody Northeast Army, led by Ma Zhanshan, Li Du, Huang Xiansheng, and others, refused Chiang Kai-shek's and Zhang Xueliang's orders not to resist, and they were the representative figures of the three northeastern provinces who insisted on fighting the war on the spot. This part of the army is an important part of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Resistance League, which persisted in the 14-year War of Resistance, and is also the backbone of the Chinese nation.
Another part of the Northeast Army was scattered by the Japanese army, and many of the troops of Tang Yulin, Zhang Jinghui and others were absorbed by the puppet Manchukuo, with a number of 70,000 or 80,000; among them, Zhang Xueliang's younger brother Zhang Xuecheng, due to his dissatisfaction with his eldest brother for a long time, also gradually degenerated into a traitor, and in the Battle of Gaoshanzi in 1931, Zhang Xuecheng and a group of Japanese and puppet officials such as Japanese advisers were killed by Huang Xiansheng's troops.
This was the final destination of the 300,000 Northeast Army at that time, although the non-resistance behavior at the outbreak of the Northeast War of Resistance made it lose face, but the vast majority of the Northeast Army was thrown into the anti-Japanese battlefields throughout the country. Although the Northeast Army no longer existed, they were reduced to pieces, continued to live and die fearlessly in the anti-Japanese battlefield, glowed and radiated, and also made great sacrifices for the motherland and against the invaders.