It is almost the New Year, and every household prepares New Year goods, which vary from person to person and are different. But there is one thing that every household must prepare, that is, the big red spring league, to the Chinese New Year's Eve day, the big red spring league is a sticker, the new year is strong, and then it is ready to welcome the new year.
Spring League seems commonplace today, and many places of interest and monuments are often decorated with joints on the lintels, and the expressions in literary works are like sweat and cattle. The seventeenth time of "Dream of the Red Chamber", the Grand View Garden Project was completed, jia Zheng entered the park acceptance, and there was a very important task in this half day, that is, to connect the number of topics for various places. Jia Zheng said:
"This plaque couplet is a difficult thing... Huge scenery, a number of pavilions, no word title, but also feel that it is boring, even if there are flowers and willow landscapes, it can never be colored."
Look, there is no connection, no pair, the luxurious Grand View Garden is lifeless in Jia Zheng's eyes. Jia Zheng's learning is very bad, and his group of pilgrims is even more pedantic, they are not good at connecting, but their understanding of it is still in place.
The great development of the couplet in the Ming, called Huazi born Zhu Yuanzhang is not good at learning, advanced learning he is not likely to appreciate, but he likes to see the Spring League, every New Year, he likes to look at the past, appreciate a bit, so the Spring League has received unprecedented attention, to the Qing Dynasty, the Spring League is even more prosperous, "Dream of the Red Chamber" in the couplets are very much, it is very illustrative of this. And to make the union a literary art form, thanks to one person, that is, Meng Chang, the lord of Shu after the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.
Meng Chang was a very interesting emperor, he was made crown prince very early and grew up in a rich nest. He ascended the throne at the age of 16 and reigned for 31 years. Meng Chang deeply understood the essence of Confucianism, practiced diligent government and love for the people, developed nongsang, and exerted great efforts to govern, under his rule, The later Shu politics were clear, the society was peaceful, and the country was peaceful and peaceful.
The division of the town in the late Tang Dynasty was an important reason for the demise of the Tang Dynasty, which led to the great division of the country for more than seventy years, in this period of division, there were ten separatist regimes that appeared in the short-lived, historically called the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, the acquisition of these regimes is relatively simple, often not because of their head of the great talent, but because his strength is in a corner of the system, its upper rulers for the military, political, social and economic cognition and management is not mature, and even have relatively large defects, It is easy to understand that such a political power is not well-founded, is ill-prepared, and is easily replaced or subverted. For example, Later Shu and its emperor Meng Chang, the Northern Song Dynasty made two preparations when preparing to destroy it, which is also rare in history:
First, he built more than 500 houses for Meng Chang in the water, prepared various daily necessities such as bed tents, and used them to accommodate Meng Chang after his army was defeated or surrendered.
Second, after considering the issue of Meng Chang's name after he stepped down as an improper emperor, Meng Chang was later appointed as the Inspector of Inspection and Zhongshu Ling, and was made the Duke of Qin.
The reason why the Northern Song Dynasty did this proved to be very confident was that the five generations of political power were not firmly rooted and militarily weak, and the two sides basically agreed on this issue.
It is worth mentioning that when the Later Shu army was defeated and surrendered to the Northern Song Dynasty, Meng Chang left Chengdu and went to the Northern Song Dynasty to settle his destination kaifeng, tens of thousands of ordinary people in Chengdu sent him off, all crying bitterly and sending him out for hundreds of miles. Meng Chang was moved to cover his face and cry bitterly, thinking that the scene was also spectacular and touching. There are kings of subjugated countries in history, but such an emperor who is loved by the people is extremely rare. It was only that Meng Chang died shortly after he reached his fiefdom, at the age of 47.
Meng Chang is not an entrepreneur, he became the Taiping Emperor, he received systematic cultural education, and he also has his own insightful understanding and practice of national governance, if it comes to merit, Meng Chang mainly did two things:
I. Writing the "Official Proverbs"
Meng Chang was familiar with the history books, he understood the reason why the Li Dynasty fell to the country and the corruption of the officials, in view of this, he hoped that there was a thing that could make the officials "remember and hide in their hearts." Therefore, he created the 96-character "Official Proverbs", hoping that this thing could always form a restraining effect on officials to ensure the orderly inheritance and stability of the Later Shu regime.
Remember the naked child, eat the supper clothes. The commander of the trust, raising An Sui. Politics is in the three differences, and the Tao is in the seven silks. Driving chickens is the reason, leaving the calves is the rule. Wide and fierce gains, customs can be moved. Do not order erosion, do not make sores. The people are easy to abuse, and the heavens are difficult to deceive. Endowment is cut, and the military state is capital. The reward of the Lord of Decay is not overdue. Erlu, the people anointed the people. Parenthood is not merciful. Specially for the precepts, the body is deeply contemplative.
It must be admitted that Meng Chang's "Official Proverbs" is touching every word and sentence, and it is also the responsibility and beautiful hope that he wants to bear as an emperor. The influence on later generations is also relatively large, and some of the words in it were engraved in the Gate of Yamen at all levels and in all parts of the country in the Song Dynasty. However, the basis of the country's rule and governance, the power of literature or culture is limited, and Meng Chang's wishes are good, but it also reflects the weakness and overly idealistic naivety of his literati.
Second, he wrote China's first pair of Spring Leagues
In China before the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, during the Spring Festival, people asked for nectarine charms, which is a kind of wooden board mainly made of peach wood, which means to drive away evil spirits. It is an ancient Chinese New Year custom and cultural tradition. Large households also like to write two sentences of duality on the peach symbol, which can be seen as the prototype of the Spring League.
The "Song Shi Xi Shu Meng Family" has: "Meng Chang is divided at every age, the life of the bachelor is the word, the inscription is peach symbol, and the bedroom door is placed around." It is said that every year when Meng Chang arrives at the day of Chinese New Year's Eve, he will always order hanlin bachelor inscriptions and then write them on peach symbols. This was about the fixed program when Meng Chang was emperor.
964 Spring Festival, that is, the first year of Meng Chang's life countdown, Meng Chang once again ordered the bachelor to write a peach charm, and he himself wrote a couplet, Yun: New Year Na Yu Qing, Jia Jie Number Changchun.
This is a true Spring League, and it is also recognized as the first pair of Spring Leagues in Chinese history. After reading the emperor's Spring League, the scholars rushed to follow suit, and everyone wrote a pair of stickers on the door, and in this way, the Spring League gradually spread to the people and gradually became an indispensable ritual project for Chinese new year. From a cultural point of view, Meng Chang is the founder of The Spring League, which has influenced the Chinese Union and the Spring Festival culture for a thousand years and will continue to influence.
It is very coincidental, or that there is a fixed number in the underworld, the Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin in 960 AD, that is, 4 years before the destruction of Hou Shu, he named February 26 of the lunar calendar as his own birthday as "Long Spring Festival", and in 965, the Northern Song Dynasty destroyed Hou Shu, and was sent to Chengdu as the local highest administrator named Lü Yuqing. Meng Chang's Spring Festival originally meant to say that today he inherited the blessings of his ancestors, and his children and grandchildren had Yu Qing, welcoming the Spring Festival, hoping that every year would be like this, just like spring, everything would be full of vitality. The implication is so beautiful, it's just that it's all going to end soon.
The real "Jiajie Changchun" is the Great Song Dynasty that is about to open the country, it is Zhao Kuangyin's "Changchun", and the "New Year Na Yu Qing", it is more appropriate to say that it is Lü Yuqing!
Reference to the original works: Jia Shu, Gengchen Ben "Fat Yan Zhai Reappraisal of the Stone Record", People's Literature Publishing House 120 times "Dream of the Red Chamber"