Author: Dan Yan Editor: Li Jin
Source: Journal of Marriage and Family
ID：hunyinyujiating99
She is Guan Pinglu in "Qipao", Li Ningyu in "The Sound of the Wind",
She had rescued Zhou Enlai, Guan Xiangying and important members of the Seven Gentlemen.
Her life has almost run through the development of the Chinese revolution.
He was praised by Zhou Enlai as "an encyclopedia of our party."
She comes from a famous family and is naturally beautiful.
She is the protagonist Jin Peiqiu in Guo Moruo's novel "Knight" and the heroine of Mao Dun's work "Eclipse".
She has experienced hardships in her life, 4 marriages, two bereavements, several times in prison, 17 years in prison, all the suffering did not make her give up the hope of life, on the contrary, she became more and more frustrated.
In her 110 years of legendary and bumpy life,
Even if she is misunderstood and misunderstood, she always does not change her original intention, smiling calmly,
She has already dedicated a piece of ice heart to the faith she has pursued all her life, communism.
The rest of the heart is good, although it is nine deaths, it is still unrepentant.
She is the legendary female spy and beauty agent of the famous Shanghai Beach- Huang Mulan.
Huang Mulan (1930)
01
The golden scales are the things in the pool, and they turn into dragons when they encounter the wind and clouds
In 1907, Huang Mulan was born in Xiangzhong, and his father Huang Yingchu was a famous democracy fighter in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and he was also a proud protégé of the local famous Confucian Ouyang Zhonghu.
At the age of 12, Huang Mulan was sent by his father to study at the Zhounan Girls' School in Changsha. At that time, this girls' school trained a number of well-known female students in modern Chinese history, such as Xiang Jingyu, Cai Chang, Yang Kaihui, Ding Ling, etc. Huang Mulan grew up in such an enlightened atmosphere, and gradually developed an open-minded and open-minded personality that did not let the eyebrows be raised.
Although her parents pampered her, they arranged an arranged marriage for her. In 1923, Huang Mulan got married, the other party was a rich second generation, idle, only smoking opium and beating squirrels. Two years later, Huang Mulan secretly wrote a note to his father, returned home on the grounds of his mother's illness, and fled his in-laws' house.
Years later, Huang Mulan said: "If my parents hadn't been so open-minded and loving, or if I had met a good man, maybe my story would have ended here." ”
Yes, Huang Mulan's story has only just begun.
By chance, Huang Mulan, from a railway trade union leaflet, saw the news that the revolutionary army was preparing for the Northern Expedition, and she decided to go to Hankou to join Song Qingling and He Xiangning and participate in the women's movement led by them.
At that time, Wuhan was full of talents. Through contact with people from all walks of life, Huang Mulan's eyes were wide open and he grew rapidly; and his outstanding appearance and excellent communication skills also made Huang Mulan stand out.
In 1926, Huang Mulan was elected as an executive member of the Kuomintang Wuhan Special City Party Branch, a minister of women, and a director of the China Relief Society.
On the "March 8th" Festival in 1927, hundreds of thousands of people held a celebration parade in Wuhan, and celebrities from the Kuomintang and the Communist Party such as Song Qingling were all present, and Huang Mulan, who was only 20 years old, served as the chairman of the congress.
The golden scales are the things in the pool, and they turn into dragons when they encounter the wind and clouds.
Prior to this, she had become a star-like star and became the object of admiration of many celebrities. Guo Moruo incarnated her as the heroine Jin Peiqiu in the novel "Knight", and Mr. Mao Dun also borrowed from her life experience when he wrote "Eclipse".
However, Huang Mulanfang already had a belonging, and the other party was the editor-in-chief of the Republic of China Daily, the organ of the CPC Central Committee, the secretary of the Confidential Department of the Central Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee, and the political instructor of the Guard Corps. His talent and ambition made her admire, and under his influence, Huang Mulan joined the Chinese Communist Party.
Wanxi is like an old photo
One is a talented man, the other is a beautiful person, they met in the torrent of revolution, because they know each other because of the feelings of home and country, and because of their affection, they fall in love.
On the day of "March 8th" in 1927, Huang Mulan and Wan Xiyan were married. There was no wedding ceremony, only Dong Biwu verbally announced at a meeting, followed by a notice in the newspaper "Married to the revolutionary partner".
Less than a month after his marriage, Chiang Kai-shek created the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup. The Kuomintang split and the revolutionary situation fell to the bottom, and under the instructions of their superiors, Huang Mulan and his wife were ordered to go to Jiangxi to carry out underground work.
Since then, Huang Mulan has embarked on a decades-long "lurking" life.
02
Love him and continue his unfinished business
Wan Xi is gentle and courteous, whether it is at work or in life, she has taken good care of Huang Mulan.
When she was pregnant with Liukko, she worked with him in the middle of the night to write documents in the Bible with mi tang, went to the hotel to dock the head code, and waited for the traffic ship at the dock. All documents sent by the central authorities must be rewritten by both of them, one of which remains with the provincial party committee and one of which is forwarded to the Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League.
Hard work, but sweet. This may have been the most simple and happy time in Huang Mulan's life.
But for the sons and daughters of the revolution, such mutual love is doomed not to last long.
In January 1928, only 3 days after the birth of his son, Wan Xiyu was transferred to southwest Jiangxi to lead the agrarian revolution and armed struggle. Wan Xi said goodbye to Huang Mulan in the hospital, looking at the newborn baby and his weak wife, he was reluctant and gently asked in front of her bed:
"If the work over there goes well, someone will be sent to pick you up and reunite with the children." In case of an accident, I told my parents to take the child back to Huangmei's hometown to raise him and continue the revolution when he grew up. We are partners of the revolution, and the party does whatever it calls, so take care of it. ”
He prepared for the worst, and for revolutionaries every separation meant a farewell.
Huang Mulan, with tears in his eyes, agreed.
She did not wait for the reunion, and 4 months later, Wan Xiyu died at the age of 26.
How deep the love is, how much the hurt is. Huang Mulan suffered the worst blow of his life. His voice, smile and former love always came to her mind. Don't think about it, it's unforgettable.
She endured her grief and worked even more selflessly. There was an obsession in his heart: to love him, to continue his unfinished business, only in this way can we comfort his spirit in heaven.
In December 1928, she was dispatched by the Party Central Committee to Shanghai as a confidential secretary of the Central Committee and became a member of the Central Special Branch. Worked under the leadership of Zhou Enlai, Kang Sheng, Chen Geng, Pan Hannian and Li Qiang. She sent her infant son back to her in-laws' house, and embarked on a journey alone.
At work, Huang Mulan met He Chang. At the "Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China", he and Guan Xiangying were elected as members of the Central Committee at the same time. Seeing that she was mentally haggard, He Chang couldn't help but gently enlighten her.
Under his encouragement and explanation, Huang Mulan's mood gradually became cheerful, and the feelings between the two deepened unconsciously. One day, he asked Huang Mulan, "Comrade Mulan, do you see if it is possible for me to form a revolutionary partner with you like Comrade Xi Yan?" ”
Huang Mulan lowered his head shyly.
Soon after, with zhou Enlai's special approval, Huang Mulan and He Chang married.
After that, they gathered less and more, one charging at the front line, and the other in the hidden front.
After becoming pregnant, she endured the strong discomfort of the first trimester, and worked as an apprentice in the Hengfeng Spinning Factory in Hudong under the pseudonym "Liu Axiu", leading the workers' strike as a textile worker. He was later arrested and held for 100 days in Shanghai's Longhua Prison.
Shortly after his release from prison, Huang Mulan, who was pregnant with Liujia, disguised herself as a noblewoman and took a luxury cruise ship to escort the huge funds allocated by the Comintern to Shanghai and hand them over to the Party Central Committee.
Have guts, have knowledge. He Chang admired and pitied her at the same time: "Mulan, you can go up and down, it's really good!" ”
For Huang Mulan, this is not only to complete the revolutionary tasks entrusted by his superiors, but also to repay the trust of He Chang's confidant. In March 1931, in order to work for the revolution, Huang Mulan and He Chang gave away their newborn sons. In June, He Chang went to Jiangxi to work, and since then the family has been closed to the mountains and gone from side to side. Four years later, when He Chang led his troops to move, he was surrounded by enemy ambushes in Gannan and fought for 7 days and 7 nights, and died heroically.
Within a few years, he lost two husbands, and Huang Mulan had no regrets. Since you have chosen this path, you must go on bravely.
Even if there is only a single horse, even if it is only alone.
03
The rest of the heart is good, although it is nine deaths, it is still unrepentant
The period from 1927 to 1931 was the peak of the White Terror. Huang Mulan also ushered in the most colorful chapter of her latent life.
With excellent activity ability and social relations, Huang Mulan gradually opened up the situation in Shanghai. In 1931, she was appointed head of the Rescue Department of the Chinese Revolutionary Mutual Aid Association, taking on the task of rescuing arrested comrades. Her first task was to rescue Guan Xiangying, an alternate member of the Politburo of the Cpc Central Committee.
In order to complete the task, she took the initiative to meet Chen Zhigao, a well-known lawyer in the Shanghai Concession. Chen Zhigao was born into a family, and his father, Chen Qishou, was the president of the criminal court in the Shanghai French Concession for 18 years. Under chen Qishou's dotting and dredging, Guan Xiang should be successfully released.
After this incident, the two gradually intersected. On the afternoon of June 22, 1931, Chen Zhigao asked Huang Mulan to go to the movie together. Because the time was still early, the two found a café and sat down, and happened to meet Chen Zhigao's classmate Cao Bingsheng.
During the small talk, Cao Bingsheng inadvertently revealed that a big leader of the Communist Party was caught in the patrol room that day, and also described his appearance.
The speaker has no intention, the listener has a heart. While drinking coffee calmly, Huang Mulan quickly searched in his mind, who is this person?
As soon as Cao Bingsheng left, Huang Mulan, under the pretext of a headache, went home and reported the situation to his superior Pan Hannian. The two deduced that it was probably Xiang Zhongfa, the general secretary of the Shanghai Central Committee, who was arrested.
Without further ado, Pan Hannian immediately passed the information to Zhou Enlai, who received the information and quickly organized the Safe Transfer of the Shanghai Underground Committee and others. Because of this news, Huang Mulan saved the CCP's Shanghai underground organization. Zhou Enlai couldn't help but praise her to her face: "Mulan, Mulan, you are really good!" ”
At the end of 1931, the Kuomintang spread the "notice that Wu Hao (Zhou Enlai's pseudonym) had broken away from the Communist Party." Together with Chen Zhigao, Huang Mulan, entrusted Ba He, a French lawyer who served as legal counsel in the "Declaration," to draft a "Zhou Shaoshan Urgent Notice" that debunked the Kuomintang's slander of Zhou Enlai.
After several "cooperation", Chen Zhigao gradually fell in love with the intelligent and generous Huang Mulan, and did not hesitate to bite his finger and show love in blood.
He was personable and had a great sense of justice, and she admired him, but they had different beliefs, and they were ultimately people of two worlds. Huang Mulan, very hesitant, confided his troubles to the party organization.
In the complex background of white terror at that time, the combination of Huang Mulan and Chen Zhigao is likely to open up a new work situation. After much deliberation, Huang Mulan agreed to Chen Zhigao's marriage proposal.
Huang Mulan's wedding photo with Chen Zhigao
After marriage, they also had a good time and raised 4 children together. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Chen Zhigao moved to the United States with his first love on the pretext of doing business, leaving her in Hangzhou, but never divorcing her.
Huang Mulan's group photo with his family
In the 1950s, Huang Mulan, who was implicated in the "Pan Yang case," was twice imprisoned in Beijing's Qincheng Prison for 17 years. During this time, Chen Zhigao wrote to try to take her to Hong Kong, but she refused.
Huang Mulan (photo taken in 1975)
The years that followed were faltering, and she never complained. It was not until 1980, when Meng Yingchao, who had always cared about her, was summoned to be rehabilitated and appointed as a counselor of the Shanghai Municipal Government.
She said: "I am very strong by nature, my trust in the central authorities has never wavered, I have always faced difficulties, I have never been passive and decadent, and I have been able to adhere to the revolutionary optimistic outlook on life in the face of adversity, so this twist and turn in my personal emotional life cannot overwhelm me." ”
There is faithful faith in the heart. For life, you can see openly and put it down.
Late Life Huang Mulan (2011)
On February 7, 2017, Huang Mulan died peacefully in Hangzhou at the age of 110.
She dedicated her life to the party, and the rest of her heart was good, although she died nine times, she still did not regret it.
Her life, just like the hero Mulan she admired, "The world has the heart of a courtier, can be like the Mulan Festival, loyalty and filial piety are unswerving, and the name of eternity can be extinguished!" ”
Reference Articles:
1. Autobiography of Huang Mulan (China Encyclopedia Publishing House, Huang Mulan)
2. Huang Mulan: From a Famous Woman to a Flower of Revolution (Reference Network)
3. "Archives Spring and Autumn", Issue 04, 2018 (Lang Muzhong)
4. Red Agent Huang Mulan: Born at the age of 110 and married 4 times for work (Sina.com)
5. Remembering the legendary female agent of the Communist Party of China who passed away at the age of 110 (China Soul Network)