No. 434 The English philosopher Schiller tells us that people should be responsible for their actions

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Unlike other philosophers who have written enough, Schiller published only a few books, such as "A Brief Book of Education", "Conspiracy and Love", and "Schiller's Collected Writings". Although schiller's works are small, almost every book is irreplaceable. His masterpiece "Humanism" is the essence of his ideological theory.

In general, Schiller is known for advocating humanism, advocating the use of humanistic arguments or alternatives to pragmatism, because this can highlight the centrality of human beings and reflect the uniqueness of human beings. Schiller wanted knowledge to have a practical effect, that logic could elucidate how humans know and how to improve cognitive activity, and that truth must be useful for a certain purpose.

What exactly is humanism? Humanism, meaning man and doctrine, usually refers to humanistic materialism, a metaphysical materialist doctrine that biochemizes man. The doctrine is represented by Feuerbach in 19th-century Germany and later Chernyshevsky in Russia. Feuerbach, by conflating vulgar materialism with materialism in general, avoided adopting or even opposing the term "materialism," called his philosophy "humanism" or "the humanistic principles of philosophy."

Later, with the passage of time, the doctrine of humanism gradually developed and grew, and many philosophers also turned their attention to the category of humanism. In the view of the British philosopher Schiller, humanism occupies an important position in the process of human development, and one of the cores of humanistic thought is the concept of freedom, which is also the core of Schiller's aesthetic thought.

Paying attention to people's beliefs and crises, understanding people's joys and sorrows, and exploring the gains and losses encountered in the process of human maturity is a major task of philosophers. After exploring and studying, Schiller defined the essence of man as freedom, believing that "beauty is the manifestation of freedom", beauty is "the pleasure of freedom", and art is expressed as the freedom of imagination. Only with freedom can people produce aesthetic interest and impulse.

Schiller also believed that the ultimate goal of human nature education is aesthetic people rather than moral people, and only aesthetic people are free people. In order to meet moral requirements, or to cater to the mainstream customs of the moment, people often succumb to social constraints and dare not fully boldly express their judgments about right and wrong, beauty and ugliness.

People in the aesthetic category, because they have obtained the specific identity of "aesthetic person", no longer have a burden on their thinking, so they dare to directly and sharply express their judgment of the beauty and ugliness of things. For example, whether a piece of music is beautiful, whether a famous painting is very appropriate, whether a person is honest and reliable, and so on.

Of course, this freedom possessed by aesthetic people often contributes to the development and utilization of one's spirituality, making him an observer with the ability to think independently and sharply judge. When it comes to Schiller's humanism, one work worth mentioning is Schiller's Aesthetics of Humanism.

Schiller's Humanistic Aesthetics is a more systematic study of Schiller's aesthetic thought, covering Schiller's humanistic thought and its roots, beauty theory, art theory, Schiller's idealistic aesthetic theory, and the historical status and great influence of Schiller's aesthetics, consisting of 5 chapters.

The author of the book "Schiller's Humanistic Aesthetics" believes that from the content point of view, Schiller's aesthetic ideas are mainly expressed as humanistic salvationism. Schiller was the first to put forward the principle of humanism in aesthetics, and took this as the basis, as the core, and as the starting point, established a set of theories on the education of human beauty, and elaborated how to make ordinary people have aesthetic concepts and abilities.

In fact, in my opinion, the theory of humanism promotes an important proposition, that is, people should be responsible for their own actions. Under the stimulus of the external environment or the instinct of the self, we tend to react automatically, regardless of whether this response is appropriate or not. With free will, we have the ability to determine our own goals and directions, and to take positive action to steer things forward in a favorable direction.

In the long journey of life, except for yourself, no one can make decisions for you, and no one can truly complete the transformation of growth for you. Accept every blessing or challenge, and you will be truly free and liberated when you have been polished and still have not lost faith.