#Sannong Explosive King Punch Card Challenge #Half a month ago, Yang Wanmin, a friend who has raised cattle for most of his life, encountered a troublesome matter: first the cow that had been speculating on the calf for more than 3 months miscarried, followed by the cow after the miscarriage that did not eat or drink, and died of anorexia! What makes Yang Wanmin sleep is that "the cause of death of the cow is unknown", and he always worries that the living cow will not suddenly fall ill one day!
According to Yang Wanmin's story, after the cow died, it was found that there were two sour jujube-like bumps on the cow's tongue, the tongue was cyanotic, from the root of the tongue to the tip of the tongue, the body temperature was higher, and the skin between the toes appeared to be congested. When a miscarried fetus is examined, severe hydrocephalus is found. The cattle had no symptoms before miscarriage, and no symptoms other than anorexia were found before death.
Aren't the above symptoms typical of "cow tongue disease?" ”
About cattle "blue tongue disease", some professional books on the prevention and treatment of bovine disease \ are described as follows: after the infection of cattle with blue tongue disease, most of them are mainly hidden and do not show symptoms, only a few cases, showing clinical symptoms, incubation period of 5 to 7 days; sick cattle are often manifested as mild swelling of the lips, hard palate, lips, tongue, cheeks and rhinoscope erosion, neoplastic symptoms of the tongue, cyanosis of the tongue, blue-purple tongue color, superficial breathing, skin congestion between the crown of the hooves and toes, while the body temperature rises, and the white blood cells are greatly reduced. Severe anorexia occurs. The usual course of illness is a few days to two weeks. If it is a pregnant cow, an intrauterine infection can occur, causing miscarriage or malformed fetus, hydrocephalus in the fetus, cerebral atrophy and smaller, the caesarean section lesion is mainly erosion or ulceration of the mucous membrane of the digestive tract, accompanied by bleeding points, muscle bleeding, degeneration, intermuscular gelatinous infiltration, extensive subcutaneous bleeding...
Bovine blue tongue disease is often overlooked by managers due to its incessant, absence of obvious symptoms. For the above conditions, if carefully examined, other symptoms may be found, but the above conditions are enough to prove that this disease is the standard bovine blue tongue disease.
So, what exactly is bovine blue tongue disease?
A large number of practices have proved that bovine blue tongue disease is a non-contact infectious disease caused by blue tongue virus and transmitted by vector insects. Clinically, it is often characterized by hyperthermia and oral mucosal edema, erosion, ulceration, and tongue swelling, cyanosis, and claudication. The disease occurs mainly in sheep, but cattle and other ruminants are also found to be susceptible to infection.
Because sick sheep and sheep with viruses after illness are the main source of transmission of the disease, cattle, sheep, deer and other ruminants infected, most of them become asymptomatic virus carriers, so it is also an important source of infection, the virus in the above animals can be carried for at least four months, as a biological propagator of the library midge, the virus can also exist in the body for a long time and a large number of proliferation, and even overwinter. Therefore, kushimi is also an important source of infection. The virus is present in the blood and various organs of sick animals, with the highest content during the febrile period, and the semen of bulls can also carry the virus.
Under natural circumstances, it is mainly transmitted by the blood sucking of vector insects such as coopers, and the diseased animals are in contact with healthy animals, and horizontal transmission does not occur, but it can be transmitted vertically from the female animal to the fetus through the placenta. Because the disease is a typical vector-borne disease with the characteristics of non-contact transmission, its outbreak epidemic has obvious seasonality and regionality, and its epidemic period is always consistent with the activity period of vector insects, with frequent occurrences from early summer to late autumn, and moderate and gradually stopped epidemic in winter and spring.
How to prevent bovine blue tongue disease?
To control the occurrence and prevalence of bovine blue tongue disease, the following comprehensive prevention and control measures should be adopted.
1. Do a good job in quarantine and disinfection, and strictly control the source of infection into the cattle farm. When buying cattle from other areas, we should strictly do a good job in quarantine work, and prohibit the introduction of infected cattle and sheep from epidemic areas.
2. Strengthen breeding management, and prohibit mixed breeding of cattle and sheep. Because the disease mainly occurs in sheep, and there are many hidden infections in cattle, it is easy to make cattle and sheep repeatedly infected and spread to each other, and the disease should not be purified. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden for cattle and sheep to be mixed together.
3. Completely eliminate the vector, regular and regular insecticide and insect repellent. The environmental sanitation around the feedlot should be done well, and the sewage should be removed in time, weeds should be removed, and the breeding grounds should be eliminated. At the same time, in the summer and autumn of the breeding of the cooper, the insecticide drugs are regularly sprayed on the surface of the cattle and the external environment. Herds are prohibited from grazing or staying overnight in low-lying, wet areas, avoiding grazing during periods of frequent vector insect activity to reduce the chance of infection.
4. Timely immunization of cattle. At present, weakly toxic seedlings, inactivated seedlings and subunit seedlings have been successfully developed, and specific serotype vaccines have been injected into susceptible cattle and sheep in time in epidemic areas and threatened areas one month before the start of the annual onset season.
Because bluetongue viruses have many serotypes and there is no cross-immunity between each serum, immunization is difficult.
First, before immunization, the local circulating virus serotype must be determined and the corresponding vaccine must be selected to receive a satisfactory immune effect.
Secondly, in the same region, not only one serotype, but also bivalent or polyvalent vaccines must be selected, but it can also be used to vaccinate several different serotypes of unit vaccines in succession.
Third, because the disease is harmful, once it occurs, it should be immediately blocked and reported quickly. Threatened cattle and sheep should be urgently vaccinated, and sick cattle should be isolated and carefully cared for to prevent the bite of blood-sucking insects.
There is currently no specific treatment for the treatment of bovine blue tongue disease, mainly to treat wounds, prevent hoof lesions and secondary infections. The affected area can be rinsed with a mild disinfectant and given soft, easily digestible forage, while using antibacterial drugs can also alleviate the disease and reduce losses to a certain extent.
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