This article is the first original work, independent research, only represents personal views, is not the consensus of the academic community. The author's ability level is limited, but the commitment is not similar, it will be innovative, welcome to exchange and discuss. Please abide by relevant laws and regulations, agreements and Internet ethics, and indicate the source of copyright in forwarding. If there is any objection to the citation of the picture, I hope to provide evidence, inform it in time, and must be corrected. Interested in cooperating, please send a private message. This article is a series of articles of the author's "Animal Totem Avoidance Research on Proper Nouns in Ancient Chinese History", because the research is interlocked, it must be read sequentially, and the inconvenience is also inclusive.
Author: Jin Yu Xiegu
Heaven and earth are full of years of yang and yin
Three thousand years of unsolved semantic mysteries are solved
——From the zigzag yin and yang semantic cracking to
Study on the phenomenon of animal totem avoidance in ancient history proper nouns
Golden rain dissolves the ancient
An introduction
Continued one
(4) The deciphering of the twelve states' first word avoidance proves the geographical range of activities of the Nian Yin tribe
Li Zongtong said in 1935: "Most of the ancientest place names in China are totem names. Regiments (clans) that use this totem (surname) use totems to name their places because they settle in a certain place" [1]. Wang Dayou said: "The first character of these nine states is the main ethnic group living in the state." Then another version of Kyushu, The Twelve States, happens to correspond to the Zodiac Sign.
"Thirteen States Chronicle": "Kunlun (referring to the region rather than the mountain range, the author's note) is in the West Sea, the North Sea (here the sea reads like a river, referring to the Yellow River, the author's note)". It refers to the area south-northwest, and Haidi refers to the area north-northwest.
"Sui Shu Wu Xing Zhi Shang": "More than thirty miles of happiness, fifty miles of sorrow!" But look at the eighty-three, the sub-demons apocalypse... On August 13 of the first year of the Taiqing Dynasty, Hou Jing descended from the hanging urn, north of Danyang, Zidi" (子地). The sub-land refers to the north, and to be precise, it should refer to the northeast, otherwise it conflicts with the lower lead.
"Wei Shu Ling Zheng Zhi Shang": "When Emperor Zhuang Yong'an was in June of the third year of Jia Zi Shen, Chendi had green qi, four feet wide, east of the edge of the mountain, northwest of the lead, until the end of the sky. Tatsuchi refers to the place east-southeast.
"Water Commentary: "Swamps are in the ugly land, all toads spit water, and stone gods slip away." "Refers to the north-northeast
The above-mentioned lands, haidi, sub-lands, Chendi lands, and ugly lands undoubtedly refer to relative directions when used, but if combined with the geographical scope of the twelve prefectures, they become absolute positions, that is, Liang prefecture, Haidi Yongzhou, Zidi Youzhou, Chendi Xuzhou, and ugly Yingzhou. The Kunlun referred to in the "Thirteen Prefectures Chronicle" is liangyong erzhou (Kunlun is the name of the clan, with the name of the clan, and the name of the clan moves with it, and the referral is not one). Not only that, the earth branch is one-to-one corresponding to the zodiac (tribal totem), so at least it can be deduced that haidi Yongzhou is inhabited by the pig totem of the mole tribe, and the "Yong" of Yongzhou avoids animal totem "[Feng Yong]". The Yong kingdom at the end of the Shang Dynasty and the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty should be one of its descendants. Ugly Yingzhou is inhabited by the [cow clam] tribe of cattle totems, and the "camp" of Yingzhou is to avoid animal totems and "㹚".
Moreover, the third part of the "Chinese Zhou Language": "I am from the Heavenly Shrew". And the Zhou Prefecture of Yong ([豕庸]) in the land of the Hai Pig, now the Ganyu Yiliu Tablet Pingxiang read Zhou as pig [tʂu], apparently to avoid animal totem "pig". The "姫" of the Hime clan should not be read [tɕi] in ancient times, but should be read xiu xi [ɕi], avoiding animal totems "蠵" xi1, turtle genus.
"Classic of Mountains and Seas: Overseas West Classic": "The poor mountain is in its north, and it does not dare to shoot westward, and it is afraid of the hill of Xuanyuan." In the north of Xuanyuan Country. Its mound is square, surrounded by four snakes. The wilderness of the dead, the birds singing to themselves, the birds dancing from the royal eggs, the people eating; manna, the people drinking: what they want. Beasts live in groups. In the four snakes north. Its people the eggs with both hands, and the two torii lead it. ”
The Classic of Mountains and Seas and the Overseas Western Classic: "The Han River comes out of the Mountain of Fish, the Emperor is buried in Yang, the Nine Concubines are buried in Yin, and the Four Snakes are guarded." ”
The wilderness of the beasts, that is, the wilderness of the "wo birds", is also the state of the ([Fengyong]) of the Fengbei tribe. "" Below indicates a combination of upper and lower structures. The four snakes are not four snakes, their "four", and "Ji Yun" is seven cuts, and the sound is known. That is to say, "four" avoid animal totems and "cockroaches" (homophones). Xuanyuan fu surname Gongsun, suspected to be the shape of the word "snake system" vertically written. The four snakes are the snake and the turtle snake, and as for the emperor, the four snakes are only the righteousness of the xuanyuan clan's support, and their totem is not a turtle and snake.
The year yin Dayuan sacrifice is called the emperor, and the "big" has been proved to be the "mole" that avoids the moth, then the "yuan" should be the "mole" that avoids the heavenly shrew, and the big yuan sacrifice is the shrew falling. The "heaven" of the heavenly shrew does not refer to the heavens, the same is the universal animal totem avoidance of the word, to avoid the Xuanyuan (蚿鼋) of the "worm", 蚿 and "Collection rhyme" Hu Juanche, sound suspension, Xuan Worm Black Snake also. Moths, snakes, turtles and snakes, also known as the occult, avoid animal totems and hide "moths". "Zuo Chuan Zhao Gong Twenty-Nine Years": "The Shao Hao clan has four uncles, Yue Zhong, Yue Jie, Yue Xiu, Yue Xi, Shi Neng Jinmu and Shui. Make the weight of the sentence mang, should be the harvest, repair and Xi for the Xuan Meditation. The world does not fail in its duties, so it helps the poor, and this three gods are also.". Xiu and Xi are Xuan Meditation, and Qi Qi is also.
The emperor avoids the animal totem "phoenix", then the emperor's "heaven", or avoids the animal totem "moth" or "shrew". Therefore, the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan clan should be interpreted as the Phoenix, the Cockroach Clan, the "Yellow" animal totem "Phoenix", "Emperor" is not the meaning of the monarch, and the above "big", "heaven", "long", is the universal animal totem avoidance word, here avoid animal totem "feng". In most cases in historical documents, the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan refers to the tribal group of these two clans, and only in the case of the "Yellow Emperor", it refers to the individual monarch. Some people must have questioned, didn't the Yellow Emperor have a xiong clan again? Shouldn't its totem be a bear? In fact, although the bear here is an animal, it is not a totem, and the "bear" avoids the animal totem "[豕厷]", [豕厷] is a boar. In the same example, there is also the "fish" to avoid the animal totem "Yu", which is obviously the ancient meaning of "Yu" is a tiger. In this way, a law can be summed up: non-totemic animal words can be used to avoid animal totems and form "pseudo-totems".
The above proves that Li Zongdong's theory of the name of the land with a totem and wang Dayou's first character of Kyushu are his residents, and the basic one is correct. However, it should be noted that the newly born clan tribes after the Emperor are the opposite, Jia Gongyan's "Zhou Li Justice Sequence": "Before shaohao, the number of the world was like its virtue, and the number of the hundred officials symbolized it; since the beginning of the reign, the number of the world is because of its land, the number of the hundred officials is because of its affairs, and the matter is situ, Sima and the like are also", which is a place name clan.
2． The increased difficulty of further cracking forces the need to expand the scope of the study
(1) Expanded the scope of the study for the first time: extensive collection of words that may be semantically related to the existence of branches of yin and yang star divisions
Although the above breakthrough points have been found in the semantic cracking of the year yin and its other names, the ground branch, and the twelve states, and some laws or assumptions have been summarized through these breakthrough points, it is still very difficult to fully decipher the specific semantics of each word, for example, in addition to the word that represents the zodiac sign in the year yin, it is difficult to determine what animal the other word represents. Because these words are not only used as astronomical calendars and geographical terms, the context of the text is too small, and we can only find another way. In the process of deciphering the year yin and its aliases and the first word of the twelve states from above, because there is a connection between them that is linked by the totem avoidance of the same animal, or it can be trained by each other. As a method of Chinese exhortation, mutual training is mutual interpretation with synonyms or synonyms. If they can be found synonymous or synonyms, then their semantics are cracked. So the author expanded the scope of research, and found out the Jianxing, Lunar Yin, Xingji, Twenty-Eight Lodges, Thirty-six Birds, and Twelve Heavenly Generals that have a highly relevant possibility with these groups of words (a group that is temporarily hidden, because it involves the spread of ancient Chinese extraterritorial culture, which will be discussed later in the intergenerational period), and at the same time, for the Tiangan Nianyang Group, the Yueyang, the Ten Xuan, and the Big Dipper nine stars were found. First assume that these words are semantically related and correspond in order, and then try to find the same or similar intersections from the set of semantic items of these words, and the intersection of this semantic term is its correct semantics. If these words are indeed not related in any way, then no matter how high the linguistic talent and skill, it is impossible to forcibly train each other from beginning to end without showing the slightest flaw.
The result is that luck has once again befallen the author, supporting the yin-yang system like a conceptual encryption black box, so the author applies the trial-and-error method and the elimination method, through the repeated trial and error and elimination process of guessing, refuting, correcting, guessing, and constantly eliminating the error close to the goal. Once all the impossibilities are ruled out, the rest, no matter how unbelievable, must be the truth (When you have eliminated the impossibles, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth)[2]. As a table, the horizontal rows of Figures 1-1, 1-2, 2-1, and 2-2 are different properties of the same thing, and the vertical column is the same property of different things. Knowing that this thing is a tribe, the most important thing is to find out what these attributes are, and the attributes are the constraints or tests. Conversely, these constraints and tests themselves must be corrected by the test of the meaning of words in the table, and the wrong constraints or tests must not always be applicable. It is impressive that the ancestors, like prophets, predicted that in the long process of historical inheritance of the yin and yang system, there would be information loss and misunderstanding, and prepared the "error correction code [3]", that is, the annotation. These group words do have a semantic connection with the twelve states of The Heavenly Stem and the Earth, the Yin, the Yang, and the Nine Prefectures, and can be trained each other almost perfectly. The terms and their comprehensive interpretation results for the first time to expand the scope of the study are listed below.
Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the twelve prefectures of the dizhi
(2) Make reasonable adjustments to words with doubts about the order and position
Obviously, even if there is a semantic association between the vertical words in Figure 1-1, Figure 1-2, Figure 2-1, and Figure 2-2, it must be arranged in the same order of rules to ensure that each horizontal word is a one-to-one correspondence, otherwise it will either be interpreted incorrectly or cannot be interpreted. Preliminary observation will reveal: Yue Yin Zou1 Tongxing Sub-Jiao Jiao Ju1, "Jing Shu Yi You Yun" 娵訾訾; The descending of the stars and the year yin alias contain the descending word, and the other word Lou, into and the moon yin are pronounced similarly; the moon yin and ru are adjacent. Then the normal situation should be that the 陬 and 娵訾 are in the corresponding horizontal position, such as, descending Lou, descending into the corresponding horizontal position. However, the yin is in the first month position, the concubine is in the hai position, such as in the ugly position in February, downgraded to the February 卯 position (Jian Zhengyin), and the descending Lou is in the 戌 position. It is explained that the relative order position of each column word has changed in the long history, so it is first necessary to restore its original correct order position on the horizontal line.
Changing the order and position of the words was initially something that the author was very reluctant to do, because doing so would affect the objectivity and credibility of the results of the examination, and it would be criticized by people. But on the other hand, thousands of years or even nearly 10,000 years have passed, and if the order and position of the words have not changed at all, it is the most suspicious. Because this does not conform to the basic common sense of information dissemination, the information transmitted in macroscopic time and space, in the absence of modern encryption, verification, modulation and demodulation transmission protocols and other technologies, the content of the sender and the content of the receiving end cannot be completely unchanged. This is like the teleportation game in the TV variety show, information interference and information loss is the most normal.
The specific order adjustment is done in a large number of trial and error processes, and the main reasons for summarizing the order adjustment are: (1) The conversion of the chronology method to the chronology of the year has caused a reverse order. (2) After a tribe becomes the leader of the alliance, it will improve the ranking of its own tribal totems and inventions from all aspects, resulting in individual promotions or overall shifts, such as the change of dynasties and the change of Jianzheng (the change of the first month of the year). (3) The name of the clan has caused individual changes, such as in the Gaoxin era, the Inuyasha migrated from the southwest Liang Prefecture to the northeast Youzhou, ranking first in Tiangan, while in fact, inuyasha ranked second to last in the ground branch. (4) The destruction of the star official hierarchy system (the existence of a relationship between constellations or star regions) has caused inconsistencies between the zodiac sign and the stars. (5) The avoidance of the first character of the twelve states has caused the illusion that the division of fields has nothing to do with the zodiac and the stars. (6) Ancient books are misrepresented in the process of copying. (7) The Middle Ages' incomprehension, misinterpretation, and misinterpretation of antiquity. The specific order adjustment is quite complicated, in order not to destroy the structure of the article, the author will explain it in detail at any time in the following, and will not explain it in detail here.
(3) From shallow to deep to find a breakthrough, summarize the law of trial and error verification
After expanding the scope of the study, in addition to the order adjustment, it is also necessary to find out which two groups of words have semantic correlation, which requires finding obvious characteristics and relatively shallow semantics as a breakthrough for further interpretation.
Jianshi is a commentary on the earth branch, and the mutual training relationship is established
As has been proved above, the pestle of the pestle is the pestle of the pestle, and the words of the Zhou Yi Department are followed: "Broken wood is a pestle, digging the ground is a mortar, the benefit of the pestle, all the people are helping, and the small transgressions are covered." In the newly added construction and removal, the corresponding is "broken", and the use of pestle mortar is to break the skin and thresh. The dizhi ugly is the abbreviation of [Newgar Anti-Zai], and it can also be written as "crepe", which is the cloth invented by the Yizi clan, and the phrase "Li Ji Li Yun": "Cure its hemp silk, think of the cloth". In the newly added construction and division, the corresponding is "division", division, and governance. "Yi Cui Xiang Biography": "A gentleman uses a weapon to divide the rong" Kong Yingda Shuo. "Division" is consistent with the "cure" of the cure. Therefore, it can be seen that the construction and removal is the annotation of the earth branch, and the construction and removal and the ground branch can be mutually trained.
The other groups of words are still animal totems to avoid secrecy, and the mutual training relationship is established
For example, in the three words of the year yin descending into, the moon yin ru, and the star descending Lou, the words entering, ru, and Lou are similar in sound and in the dog position, so it is speculated that it is "Lu". Lu Yi in the Book of Poetry and Lu Ling is a black dog, and the original character is 獹. The other twenty-eight have Lou Golden Dogs, which should be called Badger Golden Dogs. "Lu" in the plain guibei piece Yi rong small piece Lingui (wutong) yin lou [lou]. r and l are common in dialects. "Ru" is pronounced Lu [lu] in Meijiang Town, Ningdu County, Ninglong Tablets. Obviously, into, such as, Lou avoid animal totem "badger".
Looking at the dog position of the age yin castration Mao, Jane wrote 燏茂, which is likely to be a misremember of the shape of "tamarin". This kind of near-falsehood or physical mixture appeared in large numbers in the excavated Janes of the Pre-Qin, Qin, and Han Dynasties. Interested readers can refer to the "Pre-Qin, Qin, and Han Character Research Series" edited by Zhao Ping'an. In addition to the complex social reasons at that time, the most important point of which I believe is "subordination". The Chinese characters have changed from large and small seals to Lishu Kaishu, and the font shape has changed from round to square, and some of them are close to cursive writing for the convenience of writing. Many examples of typos that are close to falsehoods are from Chu Jian. In the author's article, in order to avoid subjective assumptions and near-falsehoods, a special method is adopted, and although the words after the change have changed greatly, they still retain the main characteristics of the large and small seals, and they are in the same vein without interruption. Therefore, the author uses a variety of handwriting input methods of computer mobile phones to judge, if two words are easy to be mistaken, then even today the frequency of writing mistakes is still very large, and the handwriting input method just collects statistics on this aspect, so that high-frequency typos appear in the list of its associative alternative words.
The descending word of the year yin descending into and the stars descending into Lou, and ye Hu Gong Cut, Hong went to the sound. Precipitation is hongshui, hongtong flood. Descending and descending lou avoid animal totem "eels". Then the above marmoset is not right from "犭", it should be from "bird", written [鳥戎] also. [鳥戎] is now pronounced song1, which is wrong, and should be confused with the word [pine bird], and the orthography should still be pronounced rong2. So historically the totems of the Inuyasha tribe were dogs and birds. And the day of the dog position will be hooked, obviously avoiding the animal totem "dog duck". So we came to the conclusion that the moon yin is a commentary on the year yin, an abbreviation for the tribe, which is also composed of two animal totem characters, but one of the words is omitted. Stars and celestials are also synonymous with the yin of the year.
Since the stars and the heavens are also synonymous with the yin of the year, the two words that make up each phrase in the stars and the heavens should represent two animal totems, which are juxtaposed structures. Just like the above-mentioned heaven will be hooked, avoiding animal totems and "dog doves", dogs and doves are animal totems, which are juxtaposed structures. Although the dragon in the "Green Dragon" is an animal totem, Qing is an adjective of the table color and a partial positive structure. This is somewhat unreasonable, the clan and tribal extramarital system, only more than two clan totems can constitute a tribal composite totem of marriage, and only one animal totem cannot be constructed into a tribe. The author found the answer in Shangbojian 'Rongcheng Clan', which has "bamboo" in Yu Jiuzhou[4], which is mistakenly interpreted as Juzhou (later the author will interpret Shangbojian's "Rongcheng Clan" Yu Jiuzhou with a special article, forgiveness not described here), in fact, the lower part of the "stomach" of the word "bamboo" should be the shape of "green", and the orthography should be "bamboo grasshopper green", which obviously means black tiger, the so-called black tiger, xiong also. Therefore, the "green" of the twelve days of the green dragon is not cyan, but the word "bamboo grass green" that omits the partial meaning, and the green dragon means tiger dragon and bear dragon. What is more difficult to understand is "Liuhe", other heavenly generals are directly animal totems or animal totems to avoid, but "Liuhe" is the meaning of the four sides of heaven and earth, completely not the same kind, it seems out of place. Querying the pronunciation of the word "six" found that the "six" plain word Guibei tablets two spirit pieces Lingchuan (Tanxia) read cattle [niu]. And the heavens will correspond to the yin of the liuhe as chi fenruo ([beef clam] fall. ), totem cows and birds. Then, the "he" of "liuhe" is by no means a combination of collections, but a simplified word of "[弇鳥]" through two simplified methods: "provincial simplified partial meaning"[5] and "body truncation"[6]. The ancient "Liuhe" is to avoid animal totems "cattle [birds]". And "liuhe" is the meaning of the four directions of heaven and earth. This is the ancient and medieval heterogeneous meaning, just as it is said that the ancient and modern heterogeneous meanings are said now. In addition, regarding the simplification of glyphs, let me first make a preview: the most extreme simplification of ancient Chinese characters has appeared, that is, no consideration of the meaning of the notes, the separation of the relationship between shape and meaning, the loss of the reason for the formation, everything is only for simplification, only two or three strokes are retained, and it can be distinguished from other Chinese characters in a small range. The most extreme simplification of this kind is the Most Typical Is the Banpo Pottery Charm, which is the Tiangandi Branch or the Yueyang Jianshi that replaces the Tiangandi Branch, and the most extreme simplification of a total of twenty-two characters is not a simple initial text that develops from simplicity to complexity. This issue is elaborated upon in the context of the discontinuation of the Tiangandi branch. From the above example, it can be seen that no matter what the literal meaning of the stars and the sky will be, its essence is the two animal totem avoidance words of the juxtaposition structure.
In the twenty-eight houses of the dog position, the first and third words of the golden dog of the badger (Lou) indicate the same kind of animal; and the twenty-eight houses of the ugly cow position, the first and third words of the cow golden bull also represent the same kind of animal; a little observation will also find that the twenty-eight houses of the pig position, the first word "room" of the room fire pig, is most likely not "room" but "feng", that is, the first word and the third word also represent the same kind of animal! It turns out that for two or three thousand years, the twenty-eight first words that have been interpreted into various esoteric meanings are actually the same semantic as the third word, and they are also animal totems.
Further analysis of the ugly bull position of the other two bird stars, the Doumu badger should be made 㸯木 [ox solution] (both from "cow"). The turtle should not be a turtle but a turtle, and the golden chicken should also be a turtle, because the previous year is full of [cow clams] falling, and it is a totem of cattle and birds. From this we can deduce that among the thirty-six time birds, the two time birds except the zodiac are most likely totems that make up the two married clans of the tribe, one of which is the same animal as the zodiac. No matter how recent the literature and relics of the thirty-six-hour bird, its actual creation date must be earlier than the twenty-eight houses, because the thirty-six time birds are the "complete version" of the clan tribal animal totem system, and the twenty-eight houses are a "deleted version" that is cut to the point. Moreover, the Chinese star official, unlike the Western constellation, is a hierarchical system with "official rank level", the four continents contain twenty-eight houses, and the three walls are also divided into left and right walls. Therefore, the zodiac should be the twelve houses, each house contains two of the other twenty-four birds, the twelve houses and twenty-four houses, for a total of exactly thirty-six birds. In this way, the stars in the sky correspond perfectly to the divisions on the earth, representing twelve tribes and twenty-four clans.
Further inference, although the author still highly suspects that the earliest ancient star officials are all named after the totem of the clan and tribal animals, although all are not, there are problems with the inheritance of later generations, and they are forcibly modified because of unknown reasons. For example, according to the first and third characters of the twenty-eight houses found above, the first and third characters indicate the law of the same kind of animals, "danger" should be "厃", "厃" is a variant of "dangerous", but "厃" is a polysyllabic word, and yan2 is also pronounced yan2, avoiding animal totem "[弇鳥]" or "swallow", which is the totem of the Yizi clan. Then the three micro-walls should also be the three dangers (厃) walls, so as to correspond to the three dangers (厃) mountains on the ground. Since there are Taiwei (厃) yuan, then the Tianshiyuan should initially be called Shaowei (厃) yuan, and the purple weiyuan should also be called Ziwei (厃) yuan in the first place, which is the Zizi ([弇鳥] 鷀). The left and right walls of the three micro walls are actually the pictograms of the two wings of birds. The Three Wei Yuan represent the three bird totems of the three branches of the Yizi clan. These three branches will be explained in more detail later.
Li Zongtong, A New Study of Ancient Chinese Society; A Cross-Section of History, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 2010, p. 32. ↑
Arthur Conan Doyle: Sherlock Holmes, Four Signatures, Chapter 1. ↑
Editor-in-Chief of the Encyclopedia of China, 2nd Edition, Volume 12, Beijing: Encyclopedia of China Publishing House, 2009, p. 188. ↑
Ma Chengyuan, ed., Chu ZhuShu of the Warring States in the Shanghai Museum (II), Shanghai: Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, 2002, p. 11. ↑
Sun Hefei: A Study of the Morphology of the Warring States Characters, Beijing: Zhonghua Bookstore, 2020 Edition, p. 99. ↑
Sun Hefei: A Study of the Morphology of The Warring States Characters, p. 86. ↑
(To be continued)
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