2018-05-14 10:55 | Zhejiang News Client | Correspondent Ruan Qi Reporter Lu Yue
Today, we invite Sheng Changli, former vice chairman of the Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and former chairman of the Zhejiang Provincial Committee for the Advancement of Democracy, to read aloud a letter written to Lu Xun by Xu Guangping, one of the main founders of the China Association for the Promotion of Democracy.
In March 1925, Xu Guangping, as a "primary school student who was taught", wrote a letter for the first time to Lu Xun, a teacher who had taught her for two years, and received a warm reply from Lu Xun. Such correspondence continued for many years, and was later collected and published as the Book of Two Places. This letter was included as the first in the Book of Two Places.
The Book of Two Places published by Shanghai Qingguang Bookstore.
It is clear from the "Book of Two Places" that it was the common ideals and beliefs that allowed Lu Xun and Xu Guangping to develop from revolutionary friendship to love. Reading these letters, you can feel their pure heart for the country and the people, and also make people feel extremely grateful for these predecessors who fought bloodily and unswervingly for the establishment of a new China.
Read more: Did you know? The determination of the National Day is related to Xu Guangping
Many people know that Xu Guangping is Lu Xun's second wife, but they do not know that her life experience is also wonderful. She is one of the main founders of the China Association for the Promotion of Democracy, actively participated in patriotic democratic actions, always stood firmly with the Communist Party of China, and participated in the establishment of the National Day after the founding of the People's Republic of China.
Lu Xun, Xu Guangping and Zhou Hainian
After the end of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Zheng Zhenduo, Xu Boxin, Ke Ling, Tang Tao, and other publications founded such periodicals as Democracy and Weekly, actively advocating peaceful democracy and opposing the Kuomintang's reactionary policies of dictatorship and civil war. Ma Sulun was an ardent supporter and main contributor to both publications, surrounded by Xu Guangping and a large number of well-known figures in the cultural publishing industry, which was one of the two main forces at the beginning of the founding of the DPP. In December 1945, Xu Guangping, Ma Xulun and others jointly initiated the establishment of the China Association for the Promotion of Democracy and served as a standing director.
In June 1946, in conjunction with other party groups, the DPP, in response to the call of the underground party, successfully organized "the first massive mass movement in Shanghai and even in the whole country since the Great Revolution" to demand peace and oppose civil war. On June 23, more than 100,000 people from all walks of life in Shanghai held a huge anti-civil war conference at the North Railway Station, and sent a delegation of Shanghai people's organizations (also known as the Peace Petition Group) to Nanjing to call for peace.
Zhou Jianren, Xu Guangping, Ye Shengtao and others attended the meeting.
The train taken by the Shanghai Peace Petition Group had just arrived at Nanjing Xiaguan Station when it was entangled and injured by the so-called "exiled youth of northern Jiangsu". The people's deputies petitioned for peace, and in the "capital" of the Kuomintang government, where the gendarmerie police were lined up, they were subjected to atrocities for 6 or 7 hours, but the authorities ignored them, which aroused great indignation among the people of the whole country and formed a wave of solidarity with the Shanghai people's deputies and strong condemnation of the crimes of the Kuomintang authorities, known in history as the "Xiaguan Incident." This made it clearer to the DPP and its members that only the Chinese Communist Party could lead the people toward independence, democracy, and prosperity. The predecessors of the DPP chose to agree with the Communist Party's ideas, accept the leadership of the Communist Party, and become close comrades-in-arms of the Communist Party, and this attitude and position have accompanied them throughout their lives and have never changed.
After the Shimonoseki incident, Zhou Enlai rushed to the hospital to see Ma Sulun and other injured representatives.
Under the white terror, Xu Guangping persisted in the struggle in Shanghai, maintained close contact with the underground party organization of the Shanghai Federation of Students, and not only expressed moral solidarity with the students' anti-hunger, anti-civil war, and anti-persecution movements, but also donated money many times. In 1948, the CCP issued the "May Day Slogan," which received a positive response from the Dpp and various democratic parties and democrats, and Mao Zedong sent a telegram to the democrats to jointly discuss the timing, location, who would convene the new CPPCC, the scope of the participants, and the issues that should be discussed at the meeting. In October of the same year, under the arrangement of the underground party organization of the Communist Party of China, Ma Sulun, Wang Shaojun, and Xu Guangping successively transferred from Hong Kong to the Northeast Liberated Area.
Zhou Enlai personally wrote a letter to Ma Sulun and Xu Guangping (Jing Song) welcoming them to Beiping to discuss the national plan.
On June 15, 1949, the preparatory meeting of the CppcC was solemnly held in the Qinzheng Hall in Zhongnanhai, Beiping, and Ma Sulun, Wang Shaojun, Zheng Zhenduo, Zhou Jianren, Xu Guangping, Lei Jieqiong, and Zhao Puchu participated in the work of the preparatory groups. On September 21, 1949, the First Plenary Session of the Chinese Political Consultative Conference was solemnly opened in Beijing. After the meeting, Xu Guangping was appointed deputy secretary general of the State Council.
Group photo of the deputies attending the first plenary session of the CPPCC National Committee. From left in the front row: Lin Handa, Zhou Jianren, Ma Xulun, Xu Guangping, Wang Shaojun; from left in the back row: Mei Dajun, Lei Jieqiong, Xu Boxin, Yan Jingyao (alternate representatives).
"National Day" is a day to celebrate the birth of the country and the inauguration of a new government. The first to put forward the idea and proposal of "National Day" was Ma Sulun.
At 3 p.m. on October 9, 1949, at the first meeting of the First National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Xu Guangping made a speech: "Member Ma Xulun could not come on leave, and he entrusted me to say that there should be a National Day for the founding of the People's Republic of China, so I hope that this Conference will decide to designate October 1 as the National Day. Lin Boqu also spoke in agreement. Mao Zedong said: "We should make a proposal, propose it to the government, and let the government decide." "On the same day, the meeting unanimously resolved to adopt the recommendation that "The Government shall designate October 1 as the National Day of the People's Republic of China in place of the old National Day of October 10".
On December 2, 1949, the Fourth Session of the Central People's Government Committee accepted the proposal of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and adopted the Resolution on the National Day of the People's Republic of China, deciding that from 1950 onwards, October 1 of each year should be the National Day of the People's Republic of China. Thereafter, the inauguration ceremony of the Central People's Government on October 1, 1949, was known as the "Founding Ceremony" and was used as the day of the proclamation of the founding of the People's Republic of China.
Resolution on the National Day of the People's Republic of China adopted at the Fourth Session of the Committee of the Central People's Government.