Page 1 About the Author
Jonathan Swift (30 November 1667 – 19 October 1745) was born in Dublin, Ireland, to a very poor family, and his father died before he was born. Unable to raise him, his uncle took on the responsibility of raising him and at the age of 15 sent him to what was then Trinity College Dublin (named after the Catholic "Trinity").
At that time, University College Dublin was a church school for the training of faithful disciples for the church, and Swift always hated the theology and various tedious philosophies taught in the university, and it is conceivable that he could not achieve satisfactory results in the school, and when he graduated, he obtained a "charter degree" diploma, which prevented him from finding a good job in society.
In 1688 Jonathan Swift served as private secretary to Sir William Temple and took up residence at the Moorish estate in Farnheim. He read a number of classical masterpieces at Moore Manor. Sir Temple had now retreated into the countryside and was writing his memoirs. Swift's talents were highly valued, and he introduced Swift to William III and sent Swift to London to urge the king to fund Parliament.
After the death of Sir Temple, Swift returned to Ireland as a priest in the Laracoll area near Dublin. He often went to London for the sake of church affairs, and during his time in London he became involved in partisan struggles and was very much valued by the leaders of the Tories.
After the loss of power by the Tories in 1714, he returned to Ireland and became the sheikh of the Holy Phillips in Dublin. After returning to Ireland, Swift gained a better understanding of the suffering of the Irish people and actively called on the Irish people to fight for freedom and independence.
In his later works, Swift denounced the decadent politics of the British ruling clique and, to some extent, exposed the exploitative nature of bourgeois mercenarism. It was during this period that Swift completed his monumental satirical masterpiece, Gulliver's Travels.
Swift's evening view is bleak. He suffered from encephalopathy at an early age, and in his later years he suffered from increasing deafness and headaches, and in his final years he was insane and often lethargic. The illustrious satirist died on 19 October 1745. Buried in St. Patrick's Cathedral.
Page 2 Reader's Comments
1. Swift enriches the moral meaning of his work with humor, exposes absurdity with satire, and makes incredible events come true through character and narrative framework, even Robinson Crusoe is difficult to match in terms of the meanness and diversity of the narrative. - Scott, British writer.
2. Jonathan Swift was a writer of the British Enlightenment period, but unlike most Enlightenment writers who opposed feudalism and praised capitalism, he ruthlessly lashed out at the nature of capitalism and reflected the hardships and hardships of ordinary people's lives. At the same time, he abandoned the classical literary standards that had long dominated the English literary world and made realist creations, thus making his works extremely valuable.
Page 3 Background of writing
Gulliver's Travels was published in 1726. The work narrates the experience of traveling around the four countries in the tone of Captain Rimel Gulliver. Through Gulliver's adventures in Lilliput, Brobdinnag, the Flying Island Nation, and the HuiHua Kingdom, the corruption and evil of the British ruling class in the first half of the 18th century are reflected. The author uses rich satire and fictional fantasies to write absurd and bizarre plots, which profoundly reflect the meaningless partisan struggle in the British Parliament at that time, the fainting and decay of the ruling clique and mercenary intentions, and expose and criticize the brutality and brutality of the colonial war.
Gulliver's Travels have been translated into dozens of languages over the centuries and have been widely circulated around the world. It is also one of the most influential foreign literary works in China and is listed as a required reading list for the new language curriculum.
Biography
Gulliver: An ordinary Englishman in the 18th century, born with an adventurous nature, not willing to be lonely and bored. Hardworking, brave, witty and kind, and with a strong memory. Easy to associate with people, grateful to repay, for the sake of friends he is willing to risk his life, has the style of a gentleman.
Frinnepp: A favorite of the King of Lilliput, he flattered the King, and in order to please the King, he would find ways to make him happy, and was even willing to threaten his own life to please the King, but in turn he was arrogant to the people, looked down on the commoners, and thought that they were inferior to him.
Skay Switzerland: A naval admiral of the Villain Kingdom, ambitious and jealous, when Gulliver was highly regarded by the King of the Villain Kingdom. He conspired with the Chancellor of the Exchequer to murder Gulliver.
King Bryb Dinnag: King of the Kingdom of Adults, erudite and kind-hearted. He was an enlightened monarch who was erudite, rational, benevolent, and capable of governing, who governed the country with reason, justice, and kindness, and who hated what Gulliver called a despicable politician and a bloody war.
Scientists of the Flying Island Nation: fierce and stupid, while engaged in the extraction of sunlight from cucumbers to reduce feces to food, such as illusory and fruitless scientific research, while taking brutal measures against the local residents, the people are slightly rebellious, they drive the island to block the sunlight, and even press on the heads of the residents.
King huihua kingdom: rational and wise, industrious and brave, benevolent and fraternal, just and honest.
Page 4 Summary of contents
The novel is followed by gulliver's four adventures at sea, and consists of four parts:
Volume I: Travels of Lilliput (Villains).
The surgeon Gulliver was in danger halfway through his voyage, escaped death, drifted to Lilliput, and was tied up by the villain to offer to the king. Gulliver's meek performance gradually won the favor of the king and the people, and he gradually became familiar with the customs and habits of the villain country. With Gulliver's help, he defeated the "Brevsgu", who was also a villain, but Gulliver was reluctant to destroy the Brevsgu Empire, which made the emperor very unhappy.
At this time, the queen's palace was on fire, and Gulliver was impatient, sprinkled a bubble of urine to extinguish the fire, who knows but it made the queen very angry. Therefore, the monarch of the villain kingdom was ready to get rid of Gulliver. Gulliver heard the wind and fled Lilliput, then to the Ancient Empire of Brefus, and finally to England safely.
Volume II: The Travels of Brob Dinnegg.
Gulliver was a behemoth in the minds of the Lillipolts, but when he arrived in Brobdinnag, he was as small as a weasel in the field. When Gulliver went to sea again, he was swept away by a storm and was blown to a strange land, where the inhabitants were as tall as towers, and he was taken home as a plaything by a farmer in the adult country.
In order to make money, the farmer packed Gulliver as a small play in his suitcase and brought it to various towns to perform exhibitions, so that he could play tricks for people to see. Later, he was bought by the queen and was able to meet the king. The king summoned him, and he made a generous statement, boasting of the greatness of his country, the political wisdom, and the justice of the law, but they were all attacked and refuted by the king.
Gulliver spent his third year in the country, accompanying the king on a tour of the frontier. Homesick, he pretended to be sick and came to the beach to breathe fresh air, the eagle in the sky mistakenly picked up the box he lived in as a turtle, several eagles fought in the air, the box fell into the sea, was found by a passing ship, Gulliver was rescued, and returned to England by boat.
Volume III: Lepita, Barni Babi, Ragnareg, Gelug, Travelogues of Japan.
After staying at home for a while, Gulliver went to sea with the Good Hope. This time, Gulliver's ship was hijacked by a thief's ship, and Gulliver escaped and was rescued by a flying island called "Lepita". These people are unusually looking, strangely dressed, and meditating all day long.
The kings and nobles lived on flying islands, and the common people lived on three islands, including Balni Babi. After Gulliver left the flying island, he came to Balni Babi for a visit and visited the "Lagerdo Academy" on the island. The Academy of Sciences studied absurd subjects, resulting in desolation throughout the country, collapsing houses, and leaving the people without food or clothing.
Then Gulliver came to Witch Island. The governor of the island was proficient in magic and could summon any ghost at will, so Gulliver met many famous people in ancient times, and found that many of the records in the history books did not correspond to historical facts, or even were not reversed. Later, Gulliver toured the kingdom of Ragnareg and saw an immortal "Strubrogg". After leaving the country, Gulliver came to Japan and then took a boat back to England.
Volume IV: Travels of the Kingdom of HuiSi (Xianma Kingdom).
Gulliver was banished to the "Wise State". Here, the horse is the rational inhabitant and ruler of the country. The "Lehu" are the beasts of the horse breeding and enslavement. Gulliver's demeanor and speech seemed to Ma Min, who was "wise and muggy", a rational "Liehu". Under the influence of the various virtues of "Huisi", Gulliver was bent on staying in the "Hui Rouge" country. However, the "Hui Rouge" state decided to eliminate the Liehu there.
So Gulliver's wish could not be fulfilled. In desperation, Gulliver had to leave the country in a small boat to return home. Gulliver, with a yearning for the "kingdom of wisdom", spent his life as a friend of horses, and disgusted with the world, determined not to be complicit with others. The contrast between Hui Si and Lie Hu highlights the preciousness of the human nature of reason, benevolence, and friendship, and the ugliness of greed, faithlessness, and jealousy.
Page 5 Quotes
1) The question is not whether a person can remain young forever, always healthy and happy, but how to spend his eternal life under the common adverse conditions of old age.
2, the surrounding fields are like endless gardens, and the enclosed fields are generally forty feet square, like many flower beds.
3, I always feel that I will be blown down by the wind, or I am dizzy, rolling from the roof ridge to the eaves.
4, all I dare to do is look up at the sun, fold my hands together to make a pitiful face of pleading, and whisper.
5) I frankly state that I do not want to be a tool for others to enslave a free and courageous people.
6) We live to see our prophecies become facts; We can observe the movement and reproduction of comets, as well as the various changes in the movement of the sun, moon and stars.
7, the first person I saw described it as dry, his hands and face were as black as smoke, his hair and beard were very long, his clothes were ragged, and there were several places where he was burned by fire.
8. If a person has no virtue, they think, then no matter how high the talent is, it is difficult to achieve.
9) Sometimes because the monarch is ambitious, he always thinks that the ground of rule is not large enough, and the population is not large enough.
10) Blindness can increase your courage because you can't see any danger.
(To be continued)
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