Although I already knew some of Mr. Xu Xingke's lifelong love of books, collection of books, and donation of books, this time through the concentrated reading of relevant literature again, I sincerely admired Mr. Xu Xingke's high style and bright festival. I believe that if we want to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we need to draw more spiritual resources from our predecessors to nourish and strengthen the people of today. For us today, Mr. Xu Xingke's donation of manuscripts, manuscripts, rare books, orphan books and cultural relics has its own research value, and more importantly, his book collection experience and donation of books embody far-reaching significance and inspiration for us today. I myself am a publisher, majoring mainly in modern and contemporary literature, and although in recent years I have learned some knowledge of classical philology in my work because of the compilation of the Jingchu Bunko, I am still a layman compared with the experts who attend the conference today. Thanks to the invitation of the Provincial Library and Mr. Xu Xingke's granddaughter Xu Liwen, I will not be shallow and talk about my understanding of commemorating the 60th anniversary of Mr. Xu Xingke's donation of ancient books and cultural relics.
Mr. Xu Xingke took a photo in his youth
First of all, in commemoration of Xu Xingke, we should have a deep understanding of the contributions made by Mr. Xu Xingke.
1. Aim to collect books and preserve the future. Mr. Xu has many remarkable deeds in his life, but his main contribution is to collect books. Throughout his life, he persistently visited books, bought books, copied books, school books, engraved books, collected books, and even saved books, and accompanied books all his life, which can be called the guardian deity of Chinese classics and the lamp bearer of the Chinese context. According to the records, after Xu Xing returned from studying in Japan, he had no intention of becoming a eunuch and took pleasure in gathering books and reading books. Although he briefly taught at Wuchang Library College, Shanghai Fu Jen University, and China University, his life's energy was mainly spent on collecting books. According to relevant sources, the source of his book has several ways, one is to buy. His ancestors were successful in business and accumulated a certain amount of wealth. As long as he thinks that books are valuable, he will try to buy them back and collect them. For example, in his collection of Ming Chongzhen's "Huangming Jingshiwen Compilation", the bookseller asked for 700 pieces of ocean, and the other booksellers forgot to stop, but he gritted his teeth and took out the money to take the book in his pocket. The second is to seek. He has been wandering in the bookstores and book stalls in Wuhan for many years, and usually people want to see him, only to go to the book market to find him. During the Japanese occupation, Wuhan's cultural classics were seriously damaged, and Xu Xing could go to the waste paper shops next to Hankou Di Street, Wusheng Street, and Dazhimen Railway to find old books, and occasionally saw things with preservation value, and pulled them out of bundles of waste paper to buy them. I also buy and rebind the ancient books with the covers removed. The third is copying. If he hears that someone has a rare copy, he will try to record a copy. He once took two scribes to live in the library building of Jiayetang in Nanxun, Zhejiang For two years, and copied back valuable rare books and school books from Jiayetang. The fourth is to make it up. For example, in the "Li Wenling Collection", he only found the second half from the old book stall, and when he knew that there was another part on the hand of a man named Liu Changrun, he told many people to tell him that he hoped that Liu could transfer the first half to him. After Liu was moved to personally give it away, the book was finally combined. In order to obtain the 46 volumes of Chen Shi's "Hubei Old Records" compiled by the "Hubei Tongzhi", it lasted for more than twenty years, and finally collected them from the old book stalls, booksellers, and Lu Jing's brother Lu Bi. Fifth, salvation. He loved books as much as he wanted, even more than his own life. For example, after the Japanese occupied Wuhan, he personally escorted all the books in the right street of Wuchang Province across the river to the French concession of Hankou, and later the former residence of the right street of Fu was indeed bombed. During the bombardment of Hankou by Allied aircraft in the late anti-Japanese War, he stayed in the bookstore, determined to be a man in the book, perhaps his spirit of love of books touched the heavens, and the bombing site was only a stone's throw away from him many times. In 1931 and 1954, Wuhan had two major floods, and his library also survived. So I summed him up in the above five words: buy, find, copy, make up, and save. Lun Ming's "Chronicle poems from the Collection of Books since xinhai" Xu Shutiao has a text: "The bookstores in the north and south, every rare book, the king of the struggle." He traveled, not in the scenic spots of the landscape, but in the book. There is a book in a certain family, and it must be transcribed and then it has been. ”
Two. Heavy collections are also heavy research. Xu Xingke was not only a bibliophile, but also a scholar, or rather, a scholar-type bibliophile. Since the Ming and Qing dynasties, a number of scholar-type bibliophiles have continuously emerged, such as Sun Xingyan, Huang Pilie, Lu Xinyuan, Ye Changchi, Ye Dehui, Miao Quansun, Zhang Yuanji, etc. Xu Xing is no exception. He often wrote his thoughts, examinations, and doubts on the brow of the book, red, yellow, blue and black, indicating that he had read it more than once. At present, many of the rare books donated by Xu Xingke in the provincial map collection have been proofread and inscribed by him. These texts reflect his knowledge of bibliography and versionology, and also reflect his cultivation of traditional Chinese studies. His experience and research achievements in collecting, appreciating and proofreading books have been written and published in the "Making Words" sponsored by Zhang Taiyan, which provides valuable references for our research on bibliography and editions of books today. The article "Research on the > of Mr. Xu Xingke's < Poetry" written by Mr. Chen Cai of the Shanghai Museum summarizes and analyzes the other side of Mr. Xu Xingke as a scholar.
(Song) written by Hong Mai in twenty-one volumes
Xu Xing can donate to the Hubei Provincial Library
Three. The collection of books is for people, and the emphasis is on practicality. Xu Xingke has been a lifelong lover of books, but he pays more attention to the books he collects and benefits the township and the academic community. For example, during Huang Kan's teaching at Wuchang Higher Normal School, Xu Xingke provided a large amount of valuable literature for his research and writings. After leaving the Han Dynasty, Huang Kan wrote a letter thanking Xu Xingke, and the letter said: "In the past, he lived in Wuchang with his excellency, for eight years, he knew that yu was poor and poor (ju), and every secret book in the world was borrowed from everyone, and he did not think that he was ashamed of it, and he did not think that he was suspicious for a long time..." After Yang Shoujing's death, Xu Xingke, in order to help Xiong Huizhen complete the "Notes on the Water Classics" that he and Yang Shoujing had compiled, not only provided his own collection of books, but also asked people to copy back from Beijing the Song fragments of the "Notes on the Water Classics", the Wang Guowei Schoolbook, the Xiang Inscription, the Zhu Mouwei Schoolbook, and other versions of the "Water Classics Notes". After the book was completed, Xiong Huizhen wanted to sign Xu Xingke's name, but Xu refused. Xu Xingke provided assistance to Xiong Huizhen in completing the "Water Classics Commentary", and Hu Shi once wrote in the "Water Classics Annotation Research Historical Materials": "Xiong Huizhen knew in his later years that to sort out the "Water Classics Notes", he must collect the ancient inscriptions of the "Water Classics Notes" to do proofreading, which was his teacher Yang Shoujing did not teach him the collation method, and the person who instructed him was his friend Xu Shu. Xiong Huizhen also wrote in the title of the manuscript of the "Water Commentary": "The friend Xu Shu can do it, is erudite and literate, and has become a book lover, especially the editor." Every time you get a secret book, you will keep it and send it for your reference, which will benefit me a lot and will never be able to do so. In addition, there are many examples of Xu Xingke's help in zhang yuanji, Zhang Shunhui and other academic research. At the same time, he does not hesitate to help the average reader to borrow books to read. Among them, he welcomed the door-to-door readers, and readers from other places sometimes sent it directly. This is the fulfillment of the purpose of his book collection: "Not for the sake of a family, but for the three generations of Britain." ”
Fourth, live frugally and buy books generously. Xu Xing can write more worn-out waste paper, send envelopes will also paste the old envelopes and then use, and the cigarette butts left over from the smoked cigarettes will be taken out and smoked again. His son, Xu Xiaoyi, was married, and the congratulatory card he sent from Beijing was a cigarette box with a congratulatory message written on it. On the other hand, he not only provides free education for relatives and friends who come to study at home, but also provides meals and accommodations, and treats university people like Huang Kan with a full range of services. In a letter to Yang Shuda around 1945, he talked about his family's situation during the Japanese occupation of Wuhan. In his letter, he said: "The former fell here, and the state was empty. Forgive the first city, only one rafter remains. The former residence of Wuchang was adjacent to the second house and was razed to the ground. There are nineteen members of the family, and there are three more relatives who come to rely on each other. Military affairs belong to each other, and the calendar has seven seasons. Clothing and ornaments, sold out. Books to repeaters, easy to take far western literature and history, no less than thousands of copies. ...... In the winter of the previous year, the missiles were raging, and the houses around the house were crowded, and the distant ones were only more than ten feet long, and the near ones were more than ten feet. The children slightly moved the books to the 200th century, and the Hanyang Township district was preserved. The names of the former sages are in the posthumous texts, (both) in this. So far, it has not been a plan for transportation. According to the "Essays of Zhi Zhai", "Xu Xingke of Wuchang, the family of Sufeng, traveled to Japan, loved books, and was proficient in the study of edition catalogs.....Xu Jun was very frugal, his family was dressed in no colorful clothes, and every year he would travel around and search for books." In order to express his heart, he once ruled the Indian side and wrote "Scatter gold for the visiting catalogue", which shows the cut of the love book.
Fifth, the torch is passed on, and two generations are relayed. Xu Xingke was indifferent to fame and fortune all his life, buying books, copying books, school books, and collecting books, treating books as life, not only preserving a large number of valuable documents for the nation, providing resources and help for experts and scholars to govern their studies, but also donating the books collected with painstaking efforts to the library of the Wuhan Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1956, and in 1959, his children donated all the remaining books. Among them, ancient books and rare books are collected by the Hubei Provincial Library, and more than 7,700 pieces of calligraphy and painting inscriptions and ancient artifacts are collected by the Hubei Provincial Museum. Although there are different interpretations of the process and background of the donation, it is an objective fact that the Xu family's valuable ancient books and cultural relics have all been privately owned and public. Looking back at the history of Jingchu, only the Xu family has donated books on such a large scale. If we put it in today's market economy, the worship of gold and fetishism and hedonism have become the era of social fashion, this realm, this spirit, is even more precious.
(Ming) Wu Wei painted a snow tree diagram silk book
Xu Xingke donated to the Hubei Provincial Museum
Therefore, I believe that it is very timely and necessary for the Provincial Library to preside over the commemoration of the 60th anniversary of Xu Xingke's donation, carry forward the fine character and tradition of the bibliophile Mr. Xu Xingke, and provide a good spiritual resource for building a socialist spiritual civilization. However, if We further publicize and introduce Mr. Xu Xingke, I personally believe that some basic work still needs to be done.
1. It is necessary to take a clear inventory of the books and cultural relics collected by Mr. Xu Xingke throughout his life as soon as possible. As far as I know, although Mr. Xu Xingke has donated for sixty years, the catalog is still in progress for various reasons. At that time, the donor did not provide a detailed directory, and the recipient did not register in detail, and both sides only knew how many books Mr. Xu Xingke and his children donated, which books were books, and which cultural relics. When we study Xu Xingke, we must at least know what books he has collected in his lifetime, and what status and value these books have in the history of literature. Now that the work is said to be coming to an end, the industry is waiting for it.
2. We all know that in order to collect ancient books and documents, Mr. Xu Xingke concentrated on the study of bibliography, versionology, and the value of works, and many important experts and scholars in modern Chinese history have correspondence exchanges, and in the collection of books, made a lot of annotations and commentaries, the study of Xu Xingke, also need to organize these materials into a book, I believe it will become an important material for the study of Xu Xingke's lifelong contribution.
3. Now there are some articles on Xu Xingke, some study his life, some study his donated works, and some study his interactions with experts and scholars, which is valuable work for affirming the significance of Mr. Xu Xingke's donation. But I think that research can be planned, such as the study of characters, the study of works, the study of Xu Xingke's correspondence with experts and scholars, the contribution of collections to the preservation of traditional Chinese documents, the role that scholars have played in governing, xu Xingke's position in the history of China's private collections, and so on. Research should be carried out from different directions and different angles. For research articles that have already been written, you can put together an internal data book for researchers to communicate and use.
In short, I personally feel that Mr. Xu Xingke, as a scholar-type bibliophile, has his own unique position in Hubei and the whole country, and holding such a conference on the occasion of celebrating the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Cpc reflects the farsightedness of libraries and museums in the construction of cultural Hubei. We should summarize and study the cultural heritage left by Xu Xingke to increase cultural self-confidence for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Visit the boutique exhibition with teacher Feng Tianyu for photos
appendix:
Xu Xingke, Zi Shu, born in Wuhan in 1890, studied under Liu Fengzhang, a famous Confucian in Huangpi, in 1907 he traveled to Japan, and returned to China the following year due to the death of his brother, and began his book collection career. He visited books, bought books, school books, and engraved books for more than 50 years, and collected thousands of books of various types and nearly 100,000 volumes. Among them, there are more than 15,000 books of the Ministry of Classics, more than 25,000 books of the Department of History, more than 13,000 books of the Sub-Department, 19,000 books of the Collection Department, and more than 21,000 books of the Series, including nearly 10,000 ming and Qing rare books, manuscripts, manuscripts, and batch school books. He paid attention to the development and utilization of the books in his collection, and successively provided services for Zhang Binglin, Xiong Huizhen, Huang Kan, Chen Hanzhang, Xu Senyu, Fu Zengxiang, Yang Shuda, Gao Buying, Ma Yifu, Xiong Shili, Zhang Yuanji, Yu Jiaxi and other scholars, helping them to write books and teachings. In 1956, Xu Xingke donated 500 boxes of 60,000 ancient books to the library of the Wuhan Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in 1957, Xu Xingke was mistakenly classified as a rightist, in 1959, Xu Xingke died of illness, and his children donated the remaining nearly 40,000 ancient books to the Hubei Provincial Library, donating 17,800 pieces of cultural relics treasured over the years to the Hubei Provincial Museum.
(This article is commemorating The donation of ancient books and artifacts by Xu Xing.)
Statements at the 60th anniversary. There are modifications. ）
Editor-in-Charge: Shi Hui
About the Author
Zhou Baiyi Publisher and Writer. He was the president of Changjiang Literature and Art Publishing House, the editor-in-chief of Changjiang Publishing Group, and the vice chairman of Changjiang Media Co., Ltd. At present, he is presiding over the compilation and publication of 1600 large-scale cultural series of "Jingchu Bunko". He has presided over the planning of "February River Anthology", "Historical Novel Series", "Nine-headed Bird Novel Library", "New Era Reportage Department" and so on. Responsible for editing a series of long historical novels "Yongzheng Emperor", "Zhang Juzheng" and so on. I have written and published in the following works: the novel collection "Bamboo Leaf Boat on the Bamboo Creek", "The Call of the Mountains", "The Black Moon", the historical novel "She Came from the Devil's Cave" (in cooperation with people), the reportage "China with Difficult Steps", "China's Anti-Black Action" (in cooperation with others), the ancient book collation "Translation of the Five Classics and Seven Books", "Vernacular Persuasion and Forbearance", "Foreknowledge" and "Foreknowledge. omen. Foresight", published research monographs such as "Cultural Watch of Publishing", "Traces of Book Travel", "Book Industry Knowledge" and so on. There are 3 volumes of Zhou Baiyi Wencun. The latest publications include "Ten Years of the Yangtze River", "Persuasion and Patience", "Revised Edition"), "My Publishing Practice and Observation", "The Years Are Long" and other books.
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