Someone once asked me, has there ever been a famous player in history who has only fought one victorious battle?
I told him that not only were there those who had become famous in a battle, but there were also those who had never won a battle.
Yes, there is a famous general who is listed in the list of the sixty-four generals and seventy-two generals of the Martial Temple,
But not even a decent battle was won.
I feel like I hear someone laughing at me? Stand up and I promise not to kill you
This person's name was Yang Hu (羊祜), the character uncle, and the general of the Jin Dynasty.
Although not a decent victory has ever been fought, Yang Hu is not a relation,
Rather, it is a recognized and veritable famous general + strategist.
And Yang Hu can be listed among the first-class celebrities,
Thanks to a famous political friendship at the end of the Three Kingdoms - the friendship of Yang lu.
In the autumn of 272, the Battle of Xiling broke out.
The inferior Eastern Wu general Lu Kang, with 30,000 lone troops,
The 3rd Large Army of the Western Jin Dynasty lost its troops and returned without success.
In this battle, Lu Kang proved to everyone that he was worthy of being a first-class famous general.
However, under the aura of Lu Kang's famous generals, the losing side,
Yang Hu slipped back to Xiangyang (the capital of Jingzhou in Jin),
He was also demoted to general of Pingnan.
Defeated Jin army
Compared with the land resistance that has been guarding the border town since sun quan's time,
Yang Hu's qualifications are really shallow,
With a special relationship with sima shi, Yang Hu had been serving in the central government since he was young,
It was not until 269 that he was appointed commander of the military region on the Jingzhou front.
Therefore, the Battle of Xiling may be regarded as the debut of Yang Hu.
For a famous player, the most important thing is to win,
More important than victory is defeat, to be precise, not to be defeated by defeat.
And Yang Hu was not only not defeated by the failure, but also keenly aware:
Although in terms of strength, Jin qiang Wu is weak,
But on the border of Jingzhou, where the Jin-Wu confronted,
Wu Jun is well-trained, good at water warfare, and has complete fortifications;
There is also a first-class celebrity Lu Kang sitting in the seat.
And the Jin Army, like Yang Hu's own military experience, is almost a blank slate,
After Yang Hu came to Jingzhou, he began to prepare the defensive line and hoard grain and grass.
Lu Kang: I heard that you are not convinced?
Therefore, Yang Hu decided not to fight and shake hands with Wu Jun.
In the next two years, the border of Jinwu and Jingzhou was peaceful,
In the end, the Wu people did not call Yang Hu by his name, but praised him as "Yang Gong",
(In ancient times, monarchs or dignitaries would be "avoided" when addressing and writing to show respect.) ）
Even his opponent Lu Kang praised Yang Hu's virtue and strength:
"Although LeYi and Zhuge Kongming can't get by"!
This is what posterity calls the "friendship of sheep and land".
So, what happened in the two years between the sheep and the land?
Scenario one
One day, Yang Hu ordered that at 10:00 a.m. tomorrow, a friendly battle would be waged with the Wu army.
At the same time, let the messenger soldiers inform Wu Jun.
His general Zhang San volunteered: Why not sneak attack tonight?
Or tomorrow I will lead an army to an ambush first?
Yang Hu said, "Well, come to my account tonight for detailed consideration."
The next day, Zhang San was so drunk that he couldn't get up until the friendship war was over.
Scenario two
Li Si, a scout of the Jin army, captured two prisoners,
When I asked, it turned out to be the son of the Wu generals Xia Xiang and Shao Yan.
When Yang Hu knew, he called the two children to the big tent.
After a moment of indescribable time,
Yang Hu ordered that the two children be sent back to Wu Camp.
The next day, General Xia Shao surrendered with his subordinates under the tent of Yang Hu.
Scenario three
Although Yang Hu did not take the initiative to attack, Wu Jun could not bear the loneliness.
Wu led an army of Chen Shang and Pan Jing to invade the border of the Jin army,
Yang Hu led his army to chase and fight fiercely, and finally killed the second general.
However, Yang Hu turned his head and ordered the two to be buried thickly.
Hearing that General Yang was buried thickly, their relatives decided to come to the funeral.
Yang Hu ordered that it be returned with a funeral rite.
Scenario four
Wu plundered Deng Xiang and Xia Kou, and Yang Hu was very troubled.
Yang Hu offered a reward for the capture of Deng Xiang.
Soon, Jin Junsheng captured Deng Xiang and escorted him to Yang Hu.
However, Yang Hu personally untied the rope on Deng Xiang's body,
And release it back to camp.
Deng Xiang was grateful for Yang Hu's kindness and soon led the troops to surrender.
Scenario five
Yang Hu led people to hunt at the border, and saw that in front of him was the Jin-Wu border,
He immediately stopped advancing and strictly ordered not to cross the Jin Realm.
However, there happened to be a big goose in Jin territory, but it was shot and killed by the Wu army.
Yang Hu ordered that the geese be returned to Wu Jun.
The next day, the Jin army stole the wheat of the State of Wu,
Yang Hu ordered that the equal value of silk cloth be placed in the wheat field to be repaid.
Scenario six
Lu resisted the old injury attack, bedridden,
All the generals were worried that the Jin army would take advantage of the false attack.
At this time, the messenger of the Jin Army arrived, but he was holding a pair of medicines in his hand.
There is also a letter:
I heard that you are sick, this is a special medicine,
Don't ask why I have this medicine.
-Sheep
Lu Kang immediately ordered the people to boil the medicine and drank it that night.
Everyone felt that Du Dou (Lu Kang) was in danger.
The next day, Lu Kang walked out of the tent refreshed and said,
"Is there an uncle of the duck man and the sheep!"
And just like that, two years down, the friendly sheep,
Let everyone on the Jin-Wu border feel that he is a person of credibility.
However, if you only see the friendliness of the sheep, then you are wrong.
The friendliness shown by Yang Huzhi is that he deeply understands a truth,
War, which is fought by the army, is even more "potential" and economic strength.
So, under the face project of these friendly and faithful,
Hidden in the sheep's sharp "battle of the heart".
Or soon after he took office in Jingzhou, under the calculation of Yang Hu,
Sun Wu unexpectedly gave up on his own initiative, defending Shicheng, the most important town threatened by Xiangyang.
And under the shadow of the peaceful diplomacy of the two years of "yang-land" peace diplomacy,
Yang Hu took the battalion step by step and built five defensive fortresses on the border of Jin and Wu.
Not only the fertile land west of Shicheng, but also the pockets,
Also almost completely occupied, the geographical danger of the border,
The transformation from strategic disadvantage on the border to strategic suppression has been completed.
And this is the first step, and even more terrible is in the back.
Under this situation, many Wu army generals lost the confidence to defend the palace,
And the second step of the sheep is the friendly action in front of it,
All of this is done to send a signal:
Surrender! I'm a great giveaway to the captives!
This is the story of the surrender of many Wu generals led by wu.
In two years, the generals of the Wu Army "descended endlessly before and after"
See, this is the terrible thing about the sheep.
So, as yang hu's opponent, did the famous general Lu Kang of the Hundred Battles notice it?
After the Battle of Xiling, Lu Kang realized the importance of the Yangtze River defense line.
Therefore, while reinforcing the defensive fortress, Lu Kang repeatedly requested reinforcements.
In this way, at least the frontal battlefield did not show flaws.
And in the face of the policy of the gradual encroachment of the sheep,
Lu Kang did not get angry and depraved, and adopted a severe and terrible repression,
On the contrary, they also smiled and greeted each other with courtesy, looking harmless to people and animals.
So, is Lu Kang unaware of this?
In his letter to Emperor Sun Hao of Wu, Lu Kang revealed the reason for his actions:
In the eyes of all men, see only the apparent faith of the sheep,
If we blindly suppress it cruelly, then the people's hearts will be biased toward the Jin Dynasty.
The so-called people have no faith and no standing, let alone a country?
If I didn't, I would have fallen into the arms of the sheep
("One country and one township, you can't be untrustworthy, the situation is big!") The subject is not like this, it is to show his virtue, yu hu is not hurt. ”）
It can be seen that for the strategic purpose of being friendly on the surface and attacking behind the back. Lu Kang is a cave like a fire.
So, in this peak showdown of the famous players, who is better?
Some people may feel that since Lu Kang has already seen through it and made countermeasures,
This "war" should be a match of strength.
Not really.
From Yang Hu's point of view, there are two bases for carrying out his offensive battle,
First, the strength of the Western Jin Empire ensured the strength of Yang Hu to confront each other for a long time on the border;
Second, since the two Han Dynasties, the concept of China's great unification has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
And the Jin Empire is obviously stronger than the Sun Wu Empire,
This determines the people's desire - the possibility of unification by Jin is significantly greater than that of Wu.
And once the battle of the heart is successfully carried out, if there is no accident,
The Yanghu and Jin Empires were already invincible.
The characteristics of another aspect of the Wu Kingdom determine that the effect of the Battle of the Yang Hu Attacking the Heart is very great.
That is, the hereditary military leadership system commonly practiced in the State of Wu.
This military system determines that soldiers and subordinates have a strong dependence on generals.
Although the emperors of Sun Wu recognized its harm, they failed to change this.
The ascension of Lu Xun, Gu Yong and others of the native Tuas clan in Jiangdong has strengthened this trend.
In 270, He Shao raised the generals of the Lu and Gu clans to "serve the officers and soldiers" for private use.
Many of the magnates were convicted of this, but Lu Kang wrote a letter to defend them, and the last emperor Sun Hao released them.
This shows that even the emperor is powerless to lift it
The personal dependence of these soldiers on the generals had to be left to their own devices.
And under this military system, Yang Hu only needed to impress the generals led by Sun Wu,
He would surrender with his part, not just himself.
Therefore, Yang Hu's battle of attacking the heart can be said to be more effective with half the effort.
That's why, in the two years of the turn of the sheep and the land,
Within the Jin Empire, there was much denigration of Yang Hu in doing so, but Sima Yan was still able to maintain full trust in Yang Hu.
However, on the side of Eastern Wu, Sun Hao was impatient and repeatedly reprimanded Lu Kang.
The cleverness of this plan lies precisely in that
Although Lu Kang was watching the fire, he could not crack it and could only passively defend.
Yang Hu later said in "Please Cut Wu Shu",
"If the weight of the gou is uneven, the strength and weakness are different, then the wise man cannot plan, and the danger and obstacle cannot be guaranteed."
Simply put,
If the gap in strength is too large, it will be difficult for the weak side to resist even if there are wise and resourceful people and geographical risks.
That's the point.
On this point, Lu Kang also helplessly said to his subordinates,
"He is for virtue, I am for violence, and I am obedient without fighting." Each keeps its boundaries, and there is no seeking profit. ”
In other words, all I can do is to protect the border and the people.
You must know that Wu Junben was good at water warfare, and he won a complete victory in Xiling, and his morale was strong.
Therefore, the Wu army was in a strategic offensive posture.
As mentioned above, Wu Jun's repeated initiative to provoke can illustrate this point.
And now, because of this plan, Lu Kang had to turn from attack to defense and guard the border.
Because if the offensive provocation continues, perhaps the situation will only get worse.
However, Lu Kang also knew that due to the gap in strength, he had been defending.
The balance of victory will still slowly shift in favor of the sheep.
Attack, "obey without fighting"; defend, sit and wait.
This is the effect of this plan.
What is even more infuriating is that although it is already very difficult, Lu Kang still has to keep talking and laughing on the surface.
Lu Kang deserves to be a famous general.
Rao is such a situation, in the last two years of his life,
Lu Kang is still dripping water, so that the sheep have no gap to take advantage of.
However, Lu Kang knew in his heart that Yang Hu was already undefeated and acted recklessly;
If there is any accident on your side, it may be a disaster.
However, when he went to the book again and again, he was like a mud cow into the sea.
In 274, Lu Kang died of regret.
And his opponent, Yang Hu, immediately turned to Sima Yan, the Emperor of Jinwu
On a famous "Please Cut Down Wu Shu".
However, what Yang Hu did not expect was that
Although Sima Yan was intentional, he restrained his ministers,
He was also too busy with the Liangzhou Rebellion to carry it out.
Later, Yang Hu also wrote to Wu many times, but he did not end up with any disease.
What I didn't expect was that this also caused Yang Hu's lifelong regret.
In 278, Yang Hu died of illness.
Yang Lu and the two men dueled at the peak of the front line,
Behind them the two empires of Sun Wu and Sima Jin,
A mischievous, crazy suspicion;
A multi-party constraint, a fire in the backyard;
But each shows the condition of the last days,
This has to be said to be a great regret for yang and lu.
At that time, the weak Eastern Wu took the lead in moving towards the end.
Two years later, the Jin army was like a bamboo and destroyed Wu in one fell swoop.
Sima Yan said at the celebration banquet,
This is all the credit of the sheep (this sheep is too Fu's work)!
Although neither Yang Hu nor Lu Kang could see this day, Sima Yan's words,
It explains the contribution of Yang Hu to the unification of the Western Jin Dynasty.
Yang Hu spent two years to explain to the world what is called "a soldier who surrenders without a fight."
Cao Cao once said, "Although the ancient generals are famous, why add them?" ”
The meaning of this sentence is that although the famous generals of ancient times, it is difficult to surpass them.
The sheep can afford this sentence.
And the friendship between sheep and land, leaving more than political good stories,
It is also a proof to the world,
Although he had hardly ever won a battle, Yang Hu was worthy of being a famous general in the world.
However, the reason why Yang Hu is highly respected is not only because of this friendship between sheep and land.
There is also the "Please Cut Down Wu Shu". (End)
Text/Zi Yu