Lingyan Pavilion is a high pavilion painted with images of heroes built by the Tang Dynasty in recognition of meritorious heroes. Located in the Tang Dynasty Imperial Palace next to the Sanqing Hall, a small building, it was later famous for its "Twenty-four Heroes of Ling yan Pavilion", but it was unfortunately destroyed in the war.
In February of the seventeenth year of Tang Zhenguan, Tang Taizong Li Shimin, in order to remember the heroes who had fought together in the world (several of whom had passed away at that time, and most of whom were still alive were old), ordered Yan Liben to depict twenty-four images of heroes in the Ling Yan Pavilion, all of which were life-size, and Chu Suiliang's inscriptions often went to nostalgia. Later, four more emperors were imaged in Ling Yan Pavilion. A total of 132 portraits can be seen now, excluding duplicate portraits, for a total of about 100 people. The portraits all face the north, and there is a middle partition in the cabinet, and the north side of the partition is written "Gong Gao Zai Fu", and the south side is written "Gong Gao Marquis", and the outer second meritorious person is written. With the demise of the Tang Dynasty, Lingyange disappeared into the long river of history.
Of course, in the Ling Yan Pavilion, there are images of twenty-four heroes, and Li Shimin's move is not only for nostalgia, but also to commend those heroes in this unique way, to put it bluntly, it is an "honor list".
Those who are fortunate enough to be on this list will naturally feel extremely honored.
Zhao Gongsun Sun Wuji was the first. The brother of Empress Li Shimin's eldest son, li shimin was friends with li shimin since childhood, and Li Yuan defected to Li Shimin after he raised an army in Taiyuan. Participated in Li Shimin's various battles, especially in the xuanwumen revolution. Trusted by Li Shimin all his life, Li Shimin evaluated as "I have the world, mostly the strength of this person", sealed the Duke of Qi, and later moved to the Duke of Zhao. After Li Shimin's death, he was ordered to assist Emperor Gaozong of Tang. Because of his opposition to Emperor Gaozong of Tang's establishment of Wu Zetian as empress, he fell out of favor and was later framed for rebellion and committed suicide.
Li Xiaogong, the king of Hejian County, was second. He was Li Yuan's nephew, and after Li Yuan raised an army, he was responsible for Jingluo Bashu. With the help of Li Jing, Xiao Milling and Fu Gongruo were destroyed, and the south of the Yangtze River was under his command, and his military achievements could almost compete with Li Shimin. After Li Shimin ascended the throne, he withdrew from the center of power and sealed the king of Hejian County to entertain himself with song and dance beauty. In the fourteenth year of Zhenguan, he died of a violent illness.
Lai Gong Du ru obscure third. Li Shimin's main staff. When Li Yuan conquered Chang'an, he defected to Li Shimin, and was recommended by Fang Xuanling to be reused by Li Shimin, becoming the first of the eighteen scholars. Participated in Li Shimin's successive battles and the changes of Xuanwumen. During the Zhenguan period, he and Fang Xuanling jointly took charge of the imperial government, and Zhenguan died of illness in four years, only forty-six years old, and was enfeoffed as the Duke of Lai. His death was deeply deplored by Li Shimin, and he was extremely mournful after his death.
Zheng Gongwei Zheng was the fourth. Originally a strategist of Li Mi, he later accompanied Li Mi to surrender to Tang and recruit Li Shijie for the Tang Dynasty. Dou Jiande was captured when he attacked Hebei, and after Dou's demise, he returned to the Tang Dynasty and was placed under the command of the crown prince Li Jiancheng. After the change of Xuanwu Gate, it was submitted to Li Shimin. Because of the grace of perception, everything is known and is known for his advice. Deeply trusted by Li Shimin throughout his life, Li Shimin commented that Fang Xuanling's previous assistance to Zhenguan was the first, and Wei Zheng's first after Zhenguan. Zhenguan died of illness in the seventeenth year, and wenzhen was known as Wenzhen.
Liang Gongfang Xuan Ling is the fifth. Li Shimin's main staff member is good at strategizing. After Li Yuan raised his army, he sent Li Shimin to attack Weibei, and was recommended by Wen Yanbo to join Li Shimin's shogunate, and was entrusted with his confidants to participate in Li Shimin's various battles and the changes of Xuanwumen. After Li Shimin ascended the throne, he was rewarded for his merits and deeds, and was compared to Xiao He of Han. During the Zhenguan period, he was in charge of administration for nearly twenty years and won the trust of Li Shimin. When Li Shimin went to Goryeo, he was entrusted with the important task of staying behind. Zhenguan died of illness in the twenty-second year, and Wen Zhao was known as Wen Zhao.
Shen Gong Gao ShiLian sixth. Li Shimin's eldest grandson Empress dowager and eldest grandson Wuji's maternal uncle, whose father died early, were actually raised by Gao Shilian. Gao was so attached great importance to Li Shimin that he took the initiative to give his eldest grandson Empress Dowager Xu to Li Shimin. Because of offending Yang Guang, he was sent to Lingnan, and then the Central Plains was in chaos, and was isolated, until Li Jing was able to return when he destroyed Xiao Qiao's southern tour. He was good at administration and literature, and was a confidant of Li Shimin, who participated in the planning of the change of Xuanwumen.
Duke Chi Jingde was the seventh. Originally a general of Liu Wuzhou's army, he surrendered to Li Shimin after Liu Wuzhou's demise. At first, he was not trusted by the generals and was almost executed, but Li Shimin insisted on using him. Tang Zheng had the merit of riding a savior in the decisive battle, and was able to stabilize his position, and then participated in Li Shimin's various battles as a brave general. The main character of the Xuanwumen Transformation, personally killed Li Yuanji, the King of Qi, and embraced the first meritorious service. When the Turkic empire invaded, it was won by cavalry. After the world is settled, there is no place for use, and in his later years, he can't go out of the door, and eventually he has to enjoy the heavenly years, known as Zhongwu.
Wei Gong Li Jing was the eighth. It is a typical example of "making merit worse than making mistakes", and once tried to expose Li Yuan's rebellion, so he was almost executed by Li Yuan, but fortunately he was saved by Li Shimin. Later, Dai Sin made meritorious contributions and assisted Li Xiaogong in running Bashu, destroying Xiao Milling, and Assisting GongZheng, and was evaluated by Li Yuan as "Xiao and Fu Zhi Anointed". Did not participate in the Xuanwumen Revolution. During the Zhenguan years, he was responsible for defending against the Turks and successfully destroying the Turkic regime, and his military achievements were unmatched, and Zhenguan led three thousand iron horses to attack Dingxiang, the seat of the tooth tent of Jieli Khan, beheaded Yicheng as a princess, and captured Jieli Khan, and the Eastern Turks were pacified from then on and were awarded the title of Duke of Guo. Later, he took command and went out on a campaign to eliminate the Tuguhun forces. Repeatedly falsely accused of treason, in order to avoid suspicion, he voluntarily retired and did not come out, and he was known as Jingwu.
Song Gong Xiao Yu was the ninth. The younger brother of Emperor Xiao of the Sui Dynasty, he was a heavy vassal of the Sui Emperor. Because of his opposition to the expedition to Goryeo, he was demoted to the position of Hechi Commandery (河池郡守), and after his arrival, he was attacked by Xue Ju and fought hard to resist. After Li Yuan raised an army, he was attached to the Tang Dynasty, good at administration, and reused by Li Yuan for life. After Li Shimin ascended the throne, due to discord with Fang Xuanling and Du Ru, he offended Li Shimin many times, and his career was ups and downs, but he never "reformed himself." Later, Li Shimin commented on it as "the wind knows the grass, and the board knows the sincere subjects", and he is known as Zhenfu.
Duan Zhixuan was the tenth. Li Yuan's old department when he was in Taiyuan, the first righteous hero. He participated in all the important battles of Li Tang and was famous for his bravery. When Li Shimin's brothers fought, they refused to be co-opted by Jiancheng and Yuanji, became loyal to Li Shimin, and participated in the Xuanwumen Rebellion and was made the Duke of Fan. His people ruled the army strictly, and Li Shimin evaluated it as "Zhou Yafu is incomparable." Zhenguan died of illness in the sixteenth year, and he was known as Zhuang Su.
Liu Hongji is the eleventh duke. When the Sui Emperor conquered Goryeo, he fled to Taiyuan to rely on Li Yuan because of military service. When Taiyuan was raised, he was responsible for recruiting warriors together with the eldest son Shunde, and he had a great contribution. On the way to attack Chang'an, he beheaded the Sui general Song Laosheng in the Battle of Huoyi, and after conquering Chang'an, he was rated as the first in battle. When attacking Xue Ju, he was defeated in the shallow water plains and was captured, and Li Shimin was rescued after destroying Xue Shi. He was defeated and captured when Liu Wuzhou attacked Taiyuan, but fled back by chance, and then cooperated with Li Shimin to annihilate Song Jingang at Jiexiu. Due to the deterioration of relations between the Tang Dynasty and the Turks, it was stationed in the north for many years to resist the Turks. During the Zhenguan period, he accompanied Li Shimin on his expedition to Goryeo. Emperor Gaozong of Tang died of illness at the time of his illness.
Jiang Gongqu suddenly passed the twelfth. Originally a general of the Sui Dynasty, Yang Jian and Yang Guang, he made great achievements in battle. Yang Guangnan toured the capital of Jiangsu and entrusted him with the heavy responsibility of guarding the capital Chang'an. After Li Yuan raised an army, he attacked Chang'an, Qu Tutong led his men to fight to the death, and after exhausting his strength, he attempted suicide, and finally surrendered to Li Yuan, and was given the title of Bingbu Shangshu. Later, he participated in all the major military operations of the Tang Dynasty, especially the destruction of Wang Shichong, who was rated as the first in battle merit. Later, he was appointed to guard Luoyang, and Yu Zhenguan died of illness in the first year of his reign.
Xun Gong Yin Was thirteenth. Li Yuan's old army defected to Li Yuan when Taiyuan rebelled and participated in the attack on Chang'an. When attacking Xue Ju, he was defeated in the shallow water plains, and together with Liu Wenjing, he was held accountable and demoted to a commoner. Later, li Shimin destroyed xue shi and was reappointed. Participating in Li Shimin's various battles, when attacking Liu Heimin, he fell ill and died, and was the first of the Lingyange heroes to die.
The fourteenth of Chai Shao. Li Yuan's son-in-law, married Princess Pingyang Zhao. Li Yuan was in Chang'an when he raised his army, and luckily escaped from the pursuit and went to Taiyuan. Conquer Chang'an and seal the Duke of Linfen County; Xue Ju, Liu Wuzhou, Wang Shichong, and Dou Jiande were created the Duke of Huo. During the Zhenguan period, as the lord, he destroyed the last anti-king Liang Shidu. In the seventh year of Zhenguan, Chai Shaojia was a general in the Zhen Army, a general in the right Xiao Wei, and changed his title to Duke of Chen. Zhenguan died of illness in the twelfth year, and he was known as Xiang Xiang.
Grandson Shunde of Pi was the fifteenth. Uncle of Empress Li Shimin's eldest grandson, a foreign relative. When the Sui Emperor sent troops to Goryeo, he fled to Taiyuan to rely on Li Yuan in order to avoid military service, and was friendly with Li's father and son. When Taiyuan was raised, together with Liu Hongji, he was responsible for recruiting warriors, and he made great achievements. When attacking Chang'an, he was the vanguard, and the Sui general Qu Tutong, Li Yuan, was proclaimed emperor, and Bai was made the grand general of Zuo Xiaowei and the Duke of Xueguo. The credit has not been evident since then. During the Zhenguan period, he was impeached for many corruptions, and died of illness.
Yun Gong Zhang Liang sixteenth. Originally a subordinate of Li Mi, he was subordinate to Li Shijie and surrendered to Tang with Li. Defang Xuanling and Li Shijie were recommended to join Li Shimin's shogunate. After Emperor Taizong Li Shimin ascended the throne, he served as a general of the Right Guard and the Duke of Changping Commandery, and in 631 he was made the Duke of Yanguo. During the Zhenguan period, he gained a lot of trust because he was good at administration, and also exposed Hou Jun's conspiracy to rebel and made meritorious contributions with the conquest of Goryeo. However, after that, his reputation gradually deteriorated, and Zhenguan rebelled for twenty years and was cursed.
Marquis Of Chen is the seventeenth in the collection. Li Shimin's confidant has served as his staff member for many years. The main planner of the Xuanwumen Revolution. After Emperor Taizong of Tang ascended the throne, he served as a general of the Left Guard, was given the title of Duke of Luguo, and for eleven years zhenguan was renamed the Duke of Chen. During the Zhenguan period, li jing was appointed as the deputy general to defeat Tuguhun and the main general to defeat Gao Chang. After returning to the dynasty, he was impeached for embezzling gaochang's booty, and he held a grudge against him. During the struggle for Li Shimin's sons to become crown princes, they attached themselves to Li Chengqian, the crown prince, and attempted to murder Li Shimin and support Li Chengqian, but was killed.
Tan Gong Zhang Gong Jing Eighteenth. Originally a subordinate of Wang Shichong, he later surrendered to the Tang Dynasty and was recommended by Li Jing to enter the shogunate of Li Shimin. Participated in the plot of the Xuanwumen Rebellion. After Li Shimin ascended the throne, he made Li Jing's deputy general to resist the Turks, assisted Li Jing in destroying the Turks, and made the Duke of Zou the Duke of Zou. He died of illness the following year, only thirty-nine years old.
Lu Gongcheng Zhi festival nineteenth. His real name was Cheng Yaojin, originally a brave general of the Wagang Army, who surrendered to Wang Shichong after Li Mi's defeat, and because he was dissatisfied with Wang's personality, he surrendered to Tang with Qin Shubao and was assigned to Li Shimin's account. Cheng Zhijie followed Li Shimin, the King of Qin, and defeated Song Jingang, Dou Jiande, and Wang Shichong successively, and made many military achievements, and was made the Duke of Suguo. Participated in Li Shimin's successive battles and the changes in Xuanwumen. When Emperor Gaozong of Tang went on a campaign against Helu, he slaughtered civilians who had surrendered, so he was dismissed from office and died of illness.
Yongxing Gong Yu Shi Nan 20th. The younger brother of yu Shiji, a traitorous minister of the Sui Dynasty, he was known for his literature since childhood. After the Mutiny of Yu Wenhua and Jiangdu, yuwen was coerced to return to the north, Yuwen was destroyed and returned to Dou Jiande, who entered the shogunate of Li Shimin after Dou's death. After that, he wholeheartedly assisted Li Shimin and was evaluated as a five-fold master of virtue, loyalty, erudition, literary and literary writing. Zhenguan was enfeoffed as the Duke of Yongxing County in the eighth year. Zhenguan died of illness in the twelfth year, and wen yi was known as Wen Yi.
Yu Gong Liu Zhenghui twenty-first. Li Yuan served as an old subordinate of Taiyuan when he stayed behind, and he accompanied Li Yuan to raise an army and was the first righteous hero. After that, he was responsible for staying in Taiyuan, and Liu Wuzhou was captured when he attacked. Loyal and unyielding, he also looked for an opportunity to inquire into Liu Wuzhou's military intelligence secret report Li Yuan. Liu Wuzhou was rescued after his demise. He served as the Shangshu of the Punishment Department and was enfeoffed as the Duke of Punishment. Zhenguan died of illness in the ninth year, and was posthumously reformed as the Duke of Yuguo.
Jugong Tang Jian xxii. Both the Tang family and the Li family were northern Qi ministers and had family friendships, and Tang Jian was also friends with Li Yuan. Participated in the planning of Li Yuan's Taiyuan uprising and was the first righteous hero. The greatest credit was to expose the rebellion of lonely Huai'en and was specially granted a one-time exemption from capital crimes. In his early years, Zhenguan was responsible for diplomatic affairs with the Turks, but was "murdered" by Li Jing and miraculously escaped. Later, he served as the Minister of Civil Affairs Shangshu, and was demoted to an official because of his negligence in political affairs. Emperor Gaozong of Tang died of illness during the reign of Emperor Gaozong.
Ying Gong Li Ji twenty-third. Li Ji (李绩) is Xu Shijie (徐世绩), Xu Maogong (徐懋功), also known as Xu Maogong (徐茂功), was later given the surname Li (李世绩), and was renamed Li Ji (李绩) in order to avoid Emperor Taizong Li Shimin. Originally a general of the Wagang Army, the teenager started from Zhai Rang and followed Li Mi after Zhai's death. After Li Mi surrendered to Tang, he became an independent force, but still insisted on surrendering to Tang as a subordinate of Li Mi to show that he did not forget his old lord, and was called "pure subject" by Li Yuan. After being attacked by Dou Jiande, he had to surrender because his father was taken hostage by Dou. Plotted to assassinate Dou and return to the Tang Dynasty, but failed and escaped. He followed Li Shimin to destroy Wang Shichong, Dou Jiande, and Liu Heimin, and then served as the main general to destroy Xu Yuanlang, and followed Li Xiaogong to destroy the auxiliary duke. During the Zhenguan period, he first created the Duke of Cao, then the Duke of England, and together with Li Jing destroyed the Turks, and for the next sixteen years he was responsible for the defense of the northern side of the Tang Dynasty, defeating Xue Yantuo's forces many times, and then attacking Goguryeo with Li Shimin. After Li Shimin's death, he assisted Emperor Gaozong of Tang and was entrusted with the task of military affairs as the main general to attack Goguryeo again, and finally destroyed Goguryeo. Emperor Gaozong of Tang repainted his image in Ling yan Pavilion. After the destruction of Goguryeo, he died of illness the following year, and was known as Zhenwu.
Hu Gong Qin Qiong twenty-fourth. Word Uncle Bao. Originally a brave general under Zhang Sutuo, zhang died under Pei Renji's subordinates, and then surrendered to Li Mi with Pei, making him a general of the Wagang Army. He made a great contribution to Li Mi's neutral battle with Yu Wenhua and Tong Shan. After Li Mi's defeat, he surrendered to Wang Shichong, and because he was dissatisfied with Wang's personality, he surrendered to Tang with Cheng Zhijie and was assigned to Li Shimin's account. Participating in Li Shimin's successive battles, he must charge first in every battle. Zhenguan nian was enfeoffed as the Duke of Yiguo. Later, due to too many wounds in previous battles and illness, Zhenguan died of illness for twelve years.
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